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Why is the Tet Offensive considered the turning point of the Vietnam War?
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When was the Tet Offensive?
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Clep 1960 LBJ
Clep 1960 LBJ & Vietnam War
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why is the Tet Offensive considered the turning point of the Vietnam War? | The tone of press coverage turned from optimistic to realistic. Americans ignored the fact that the North lost: and focused on the fact that the North had had the capability for such a major assault at all. |
| When was the Tet Offensive? | It began on January 31, 1968 |
| Who 'won' the Tet Offensive? | American / South Vietnamese forces. |
| How was the Tet Offensive fought differently from previous battles? | North Vietnamese forces scrapped guerilla tactics for an all-out assault on key bases and provincial cities in the South: the kind of battle that American technology was made for. |
| How did American opinion and Johnson's withdrawal from the presidential race affect the North Vietnamese moral? | They dug in their heels because they knew they could 'wait us out' until the war lost all support in the U.S. |
| What event caused the first major escalation of the Vietnam War? | The Gulf of Tonkin incident. |
| Why is the Gulf of Tonkin incident seen as exceptional? | It is believed by some to have been staged for the purpose of gaining support for the war's escalation. |
| When did the Gulf of Tonkin incident take place? | 2-Aug-64 |
| What does 'NLF' stand for? | The National Liberation Front: the political unit organized by the Vietcong to overthrow the South Vietnamese government. |
| What political unit was organized by the Vietcong to overthrow the government of South Vietnam? | The National Liberation Front (NLF) |
| Lyndon Johnson's 'Great Society' was aimed at what? | Civil Rights and the War on Poverty. |
| What two pieces of landmark legislation were passed during the Lyndon Johnson administration? | The Civil Rights Act (1964) The Voting Rights Act (1965) |
| What is a general criticism of Lyndon Johnson's war on poverty? | It created a 'welfare state' |
| As part of Lyndon Johnson's War on Poverty, in 1964 the ___ Act was passed, starting programs such as the Job Corps, VISTA, and the Head Start program. | Economic Opportunity |
| The Economic Opportunity Act was the centerpiece of Lyndon Johnson's War on Poverty, which was a major part of the ___legislative agenda. | Great Society |
| Part of the Lyndon Johnson's Great Society was the War on Poverty, which sought to eliminate poverty through___reforms. | government |
| Medicare and Medicaid were finally passed by Congress after almost 20 years of inaction under President____ . | Lyndon Johnson |
| Under President Lyndon Johnson, Medicare and Medicaid were passed in 1965 as part of his agenda____. | Great Society |
| VISTA was a___version of the Peace Corps, and was one of the programs started through the Economic Opportunity Act under President Johnson's administration. | domestic |
| VISTA (Volunteers in Service to America) was a domestic Peace Corps. Other programs under the Economic Opportunity Act were Head Start, which sought to instruct ___, and the Job Corps, designed to provide vocational training for disadvantaged youth. | disadvantaged preschoolers |
| Under President Johnson, Medicare and Medicaid were finally established to provide___ for those over 65 and those too poor to pay. | medical insurance |
| President Lyndon Johnson finally secured passage of nation health care programs--similar programs had been initially proposed unsuccessfully by ____nearly twenty years before. | Harry Truman |
| The first African-American to serve in the cabinet was Robert C. Weaver, head of the newly created Department of____ and Urban Development. | Housing |
| The Department of Housing and Urban Development was created in 1965 under Johnson's admin. It is responsible for "programs concerned with the Nation's housing needs,___ opportunities, and improvement and development of the Nation's communities." | fair housing |
| Under President Johnson, the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was passed, creating the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission to investigate complaints of job ___ | discrimination. |
| The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission was created under the Civil Rights Act of 1964. This Act also officially ended segregation in all public accommodations, and authorized the attorney general to file suits to enforce ___. | desegregation |
| The 24th Amendment prohibited ___ in federal elections. | poll taxes |
| The 24th Amendment was ratified in 1964. In 1966, the Supreme Court ended up striking down the poll tax in all elections--not just ___ elections. | federal |
| The Voting Rights Act of 1965 enforced the ____ Amendment, and suspended literacy tests and provided for the appointment of federal examiners with the power to register qualified citizens to vote. | 15th |
| The ___ Resolution allowed the President to take "all necessary steps" to protect the forces of the United States and its allies. As a result, U.S. participation in Vietnam grew -- without a formal declaration of war. | Gulf of Tonkin |
| The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution was the closest thing there ever was to a___of war against North Vietnam. President Johnson asked for this resolution in response to a supposed attack on American destroyers in the Gulf of Tonkin. | declaration |
| Legislation and Supreme Court decisions made during President Johnson's administration resulted in the number of African-Americans registered to vote to ___between 1964 and 1968. | triple |
| Under President LBJ's administration, the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was passed, the 24th Amendment was ratified, and the Supreme Court struck down the poll tax in all elections. The combined effect was a dramatic increase in registered ___voters. | African-American |
| Malcolm X was the leader of the Black___ movement, and rejected Martin Luther King, Jr.'s integrationist philosophy. | Muslim |
| He was the leader of the Black Muslim movement, also known as the Nation of ___. Malcolm X was assassinated in 1965, three years before King was assassinated. | Islam |
| In 1966, the militant Black Panther Party was formed advocating Black Power, and did not agree with the ___ philosophy of Martin Luther King, Jr.. Many of its members were armed and got into clashes with the police. | nonviolent |
| The Black Panther Party was formed in 1966. Movements such as the Black Panthers and Malcom X's Black Muslim movement emphasized ___ instead of integration, and this cost the civil rights movement much ____support in the late 1960s. | separatism , white |
| The American Indian Movement (AIM) was started in 1968 to encourage self-determination among Native Americans and to establish international recognition of their____rights. | treaty |
| The American Indian movement was founded in 1968 as an organization of the Native American civil-rights movement. At that time, Native Americans had the highest ___ rate and lowest___ expectancy. | unemployment, life |
| The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution authorized the ___ to take "all necessary measures to repel any armed attack against the forces of the United States and to prevent further aggression." | president |
| The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution was the green light to escalate American involvement in Vietnam. The resolution was passed after two North Vietnamese boats supposedly fired on American ___ in the Gulf of Tonkin. Johnson | destroyers |
| The Tet Offensive is often considered the____ of the Vietnam War, where most Americans believed that the war was unwinnable, and President Johnson reduced American involvement. | turning point |
| The Tet Off. resulted in much heavier losses for the N. Vietnamese than the Am.; however, the psychological impact on the Am. at home resulted in LBJ's popularity plummeting, &peace talks began in Paris in 1968. The US did not pull out until ___later. | five years |
| ___ in every home played a big role in turning public opinion against the Vietnam War. | Televisions |
| Television played a big role, as this was the first time a war was televised, and people could witness the ___firsthand. The mounting number of American casualties, and the excessive cost of the war, which was taking away from Great Society programs. | horror |
| Middle-class college students were the driving force behind left-wing politics in the 1960s, with groups such as the ___calling for "participatory democracy." | Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) |
| Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) was established in 1960, but did not become well-known until the growth of the ____, where their anti-war demonstrations drew thousands of protestors. | anti-Vietnam War movement |
| The ____ were the most famous counterculture from the 1960s--they stood against the traditional values of middle-class society. | Hippies |
| The Hippies rejected "shallow ___" and their parents' traditional values. They wanted a utopia founded on serenity from sex, drugs, and rock and roll. | materialism |
| Left-wing politics became a major pol. movement on college campuses across the U.S. in the 1960s. These student radicals were known as the ___ which was a term coined in their Port Huron Statement to distinguish them from the Left-wing of the Dem. Party. | New Left, |
| The Port Huron statement called for students to establish "____," and coined the term "New Left" for this movement. The Students for a Democratic Society was the organizational base for the New Left political movement among college students. | participatory democracy |
| Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) was the organizational base for New Left politics spreading among college students in the ___s. | 1960 |
| New Left politics was used to describe the student ____of the 1960s to distinguish them from the left-wing politics of the Democratic Party.Bottom of Form | radicals |
| The Free Speech Movement began in 1964 when the administration at the University of California at Berkeley tried to limit ___activity on campus. | political |
| The___Movement involved sit-ins, taking over college buildings, and other forms of non-violent protest. | Free Speech |
| The Free Speech Movement's focus shifted from the Free Speech Movement to the Vietnam War demonstrations, which were ___, and often violent, instead of the peaceful forms of protest used in the Free Speech Movement. | confrontational |
| The Students for a Democratic Society broke down shortly after the famous student takeover of Columbia University in protest to the attempt by Columbia to build a gym on land seized from the community of ____. | Harlem |
| Columbia University's decision to displace black housing to build a gym resulted in the largest student led revolt in which students occupied several campus buildings for ___. The event received national coverage and the gym plan was abandoned. | eight days |
| The Hippies were a __ whose ideals were peace, love, and happiness. They reflected the trend of the 1960s--changed attitudes towards sexuality and a break down in long-held values and norms of behavior. | counterculture |
| Lyndon Johnson's primary purpose in establishing the Great Society was to ___. | help the poor to help themselves |
| The election of 1964 was significant, because voters gave Johnson a mandate for the ___. | Great Society |
| Which of the following was NOT one of Lyndon Johnson's Great Society programs? a. Medicaid b. VISTA c. Head Start d. Environmental Protection Agency e. Voting Rights Act | d. Environmental Protection Agency |
| The __attracted around 400,000 people in 1969 and was the most widespread and popular incident of a hippie gathering. | Woodstock Festival |
| The Woodstock Festival in 1969, held in __, was a large gathering of hippies to listen to music and use drugs. The police did not try to enforce drug laws. | New York |
| The Feminine Mystique was a book published in 1963, and called for modern women to throw off their ___ and to find their own identities. | traditional roles |
| The Feminine Mystique, written by Betty Friedan, challenged society's role for women as wife and mother, and marked the beginning of contemporary ____. The author, Betty Friedan, later co-founded the National Organization for Women (NOW). | feminism |
| The National ___ was founded in 1966 to fight for women's issues, such as sexism in the workplace, guaranteeing the right to an abortion, etc.. | Organization for Women |
| The National Organization for Women (NOW) was formed in 1966 to demand___ for women. | equality |
| In the 1968 Presidential campaign, George Wallace ran as a member of the American ___ Party (AIP). | Independent |
| The AIP nominated Alabama Governor George Wallace for president in 1968. Wallace campaigned against____programs and liberal politics. He supported lower taxes and victory in Vietnam. | social welfare |
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wendyk44
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