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Clep 1950s SI
Clep 1950s Social Issues
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In 1954, in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas overturned the "separate but equal" doctrine established by the Supreme Court in 1896 in ___. | Plessy v. Ferguson |
| Brown v. ___, Kansas resulted in the Supreme Court ordering the desegregation of public schools in 1955. | Board of Education of Topeka |
| Two years laterafter Brown v Board of Education of Topeka , one hundred senators and representatives signed a Southern Manifesto, accusing the Supreme Court of abusing judicial power and calling for the restoration of legal ___. | segregation |
| This was known as the ___ Manifesto, and was signed by nearly every southern senator and representative. | Southern |
| As a result of Brown v. Board of Ed. of Topeka, the KKK saw growth in #. White Citizens ___were created with a similar purpose, to maintain segregation and the southern way of life, but appealed to better educated, more sophisticated segregationists. | Councils |
| White Citizens Councils used more subtle tactics such as ___ pressure on black families who sought to enroll their children in white schools. | economic |
| The most direct confrontation over desegregation occurred in the city of ___, where nine African-American students were trying to enter an all-white high school. | Little Rock |
| In Little Rock, Arkansas, an angry mob forced the students to leave. President ___ended up sending in the Army to protect the students and to guarantee that they were allowed to go to the school. | Eisenhower |
| A woman named ___ refused to give up her seat in a bus to a white person, and was arrested. In response, Martin Luther King, Jr. organized a boycott of the bus system. | Rosa Parks |
| Rosa Parks was arrested in 1955. As a result of the boycott, the Supreme Court ruled against segregation in public ___ in 1956. | transportation |
| The Civil Rights Acts of 1957 and 1960 were passed to guarantee that blacks were able to exercise their power to ___. | register and vote |
| The Civil Rights Acts of 1957 and 1960 created a Commission on Civil Rights to investigate cases in which voting rights were ___, and allowed federal judges to appoint arbitrators to enforce black voting rights. | violated |
| President Eisenhower wanted to assimilate Native Americans into the dominant culture, and in 1953, the Termination Policy was passed, providing incentives to Native Americans to ___. | leave the reservations |
| The Termination Policy of 1953 was phased out in the late 1950s, but it did increase the number of Native Am. living in the ___. However, most of those who left the reservations were unable to find jobs and ended up living in poverty. | cities |
| The 1950s is known as a period of conformity, ___, and peace--in contrast to the next decade which was a time of rebellion, unrest, and war. | prosperity |
| The 1950s were a time of prosperity for middle class Americans, with a growing economy, low inflation, important advances in medicine including the___ vaccine, and peace after the end of the Korean War in July 1953. | polio |
| Jack Kerouac, Allen Ginsberg, Lawrence Ferlinghetti, William Burroughs, and Gary Snyder are all authors associated with the ideas of the ___ Generation. | Beat |
| The Beat Generation (also known as the Beat Movement) began in the 1950s in opposition to the ___ and materialism of the times. It started out in the artist neighborhoods of Greenwich Village, Los Angeles and San Francisco. | conformity |
| Beat Genreation adherents were called beatniks and advocated extramarital sex, mind altering drugs, jazz music and slang, and the study of eastern religions such as ___. | Zen Buddhism |
| The __vaccine was discovered in 1953 by Dr. Jonas Salk--the same year the truce between North and South Korea was signed. | Polio |
| By 1960, nearly 40 percent of all Americans lived in the ___. The mass movement of people to the these areas which began after World War II continued through the 1950s, and by 1960. | suburbs |
| The Congress of Industrial Organizations were formed by dissidents of the American Federation of Labor, and the two organizations ended their___ with their merger in 1955, forming the AFL-CIO. | long rivalry |
| The Interstate Highway Act was passed in 1956 under President Eisenhower's administration, and authorized the federal government to finance ____ of the cost of building a network of interstate highways. | 90 percent |
| Eisenhower's administration was Rep., which traditionally believed in a reduced role for the federal government; however, his administration practiced what is known as ___, which held a more moderate position towards government interference. | Modern Republicanism |
| . Under Eisenhower, two major public works projects were passed--the St. Lawrence Seaway and the Interstate ___Act. | Highway |
| Books such as Michael Harrington's "The Other America" helped Americans and the government to recognize ___ as a national problem. | poverty |
| "The Other America" documented poverty in the US, and helped Americans realize that it was more ___ than they thought. | widespread |
| Poverty was not recognized as a national problem until the 1960s, and some of the legislation passed before that time actually ___ to the problem of poverty. | contributed |
| Before poverty was recognized as a national problem, federal legislation sometimes contributed to the problem. An example is the ___ program, where temporary Mexican workers were brought into the United States after WWII to meet the labor shortage. | Bracero |
| This is known as the bracero program, and millions of these workers were brought in to work on farms and ___. Many stayed and became illegal aliens after their work was complete, contributing to the number of people in poverty. | railroads |
| Operation Wetback of 1954 was one of the biggest roundups of illegal ___ in the United States, and resulted in 80,000 Mexicans being deported. | immigrants |
| Tthe bracero program is where many Mexicans were in the U.S. as illegal aliens. When a recession struck in 1953, jobs were needed for Am. citizens, and some states took action. In Texas, Operation Wetback resulted in the ___ of 80,000 Mexicans. | deportation |
| In the 1950s, the United States experienced a ___ revival, with over 60 percent of Americans claiming membership in a church or synagogue. | religious |
| The religious revival of the 1950s was reflected in legislation such as the addition of "under God" to the Pledge of Allegiance in 1954 and "In God We Trust" to all U.S. currency in ___. | 1955 |
| The ___replaced the radio as the dominant form of home entertainment in the 1950s. | Television |
| A music phenomenon that began in the 1950s and grew out of a melding of R&B and country styles was ___ and became mainstream with performers such as Bill Haley and the Comets, and Elvis Presley. | Rock 'n' Roll |
| The 1950s saw a further change in U.S. policy toward Native Americans when the government adopted the policy of a. benign neglect. b. termination. c. assimilation. d. national sovereignty. e. self-determination. | b. termination. |
| Central elements of "Beat" culture included experimentation with drugs and alternative forms of sexuality, an interest in Eastern religion, a rejection of ___, and the idealizing of exuberant, unexpurgated means of expression and being. | materialism |
| The Beat Generation is a group of American post-WWII ___ who came to prominence in the 1950s, as well as the cultural phenomena that they both documented and inspired. | writers |
| Which of the following is NOT associated with the Beats? a. Allen Ginsberg b. Jack London c. Lawrence Ferlinghetti d. Jack Kerouac e. Ken Kesey | b. Jack London |
| The most popular shows on television in the 1950s were ___. | situation comedies. |
| The Beat poets took some of their inspiration from ___. | Jazz |
| A major economic concern right after World War II was inflation, which had been kept in check during the war through price and wage ____. | controls |
| Inflation was the main economic concern of the time--the postwar ___ people had feared never occurred. Truman ended price controls and wage controls in 1946, & immediately, there was a significant increase, over 25 %, in food prices & consumer prices. | depression |
| High inflation shortly after the end of World War II resulted in a wave of ___ involving over 4.5 million workers in 1946. | strikes |
| High inflation from the sudden end to price and wage controls imposed during the war resulted in a ___ in prices. | dramatic increase |
| People had less___ power because of inflation, and were earning less because they were not working as much overtime as they had during the war. As a result, many went on strike for higher wages. | buying |
| The Taft-Hartley Act, passed in 1947 over President __'s veto was labor legislation in response to the wave of strikes in 1946. | Truman |
| The Taft-Hartley Act gave the president the authority to order striking workers back to work for 80 days, prohibited __ workers from strikes, and permitted the union shop, but banned the closed shop. | federal |
| What was the significance of Executive Order 9981 issued by President Truman? | It ordered the desegregation of the armed forces. |
| "[The] conjunction of an immense military establishment and a large arms industry ..... In the councils of gov., we must guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence, . . . ." Eisenhower was referring to what in his Farewell Address? | U.S. military-industrial complex |
| What case overturned Plessy v. Ferguson? | Brown v. Topeka Board of Education |
| When was Brown v. Topeka Board of Education decided? | 1954 |
| By what case did the Supreme Court over-rule Scott v. Sanford? | Brown v. Topeka Board of Education in 1954 |
| When was Brown v. Topeka Board of Education decided? | 1954 |
| Martin Luther King's methods? | Non-violent defiance of segregation |
| MLK's rejection of nonviolence caused him to . ? | Not support groups like the Black Panthers.(BP espoused socialist and communist doctrines) |
| Difference between methods of MLK and Booker T. Washington: | MLK: civil disobedience BTW: patience |
Created by:
wendyk44
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