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Clep 1939-45 WWII
Clep 1939-1945 World War II
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Casablanca was the site of a large American ___, which was the staging area for all American aircraft for the European Theater of Operations during World War II. | air base |
| ____was an important strategic port during the Second World War and hosted the Casablanca Conference in 1943, in which Churchill and Roosevelt discussed the progress of the war. | Casablanca |
| Two points agreed upon by Churchill and FDR at Casablanca ___. | Unconditional surrender of the Axis and to hold Axis leaders responsible for their crimes. |
| Who were the two leaders present at the Casablanca meetings? | FDR and Churchill |
| During what war were the meetings at Casablanca held? | WWII |
| When did the Casablanca meetings take place? | The Summer of 1943. |
| Why did the Casablanca Agreements NOT include concentrating first on Germany or landing Allied troops in France? | Concentrating on Germany first had already been decided. It was still too risky to consider landing troops in France in the summer of '43. |
| In Korematsu v. United States, the Supreme Court upheld the right of the government to detain, relocate, and ___citizens as a national security measure. | Japanese American |
| Franklin Roosevelt signed an Executive Order to end discrimination in wartime industries, because A Philip Randolph threatened a huge march on Washington to protest ___ hiring practices. | discriminatory |
| The experience of women who joined the labor force in World War I and in World II was the same in which of the following ways when the war was over, women ___ to returning servicemen. | lost their jobs |
| A major problem that occurred with reconversion of military industry back to consumer industy that Truman turned to his benefit in the election of 1948 was inflation and ____. | price controls. |
| Industrial development in Western Europe after World War II grew dramatically primarily as a result of ____. | b. Marshall Plan |
| The Marshall Plan (officially the European Recovery Program, ERP) was the large-scale American program to aid Europe where the United States sent monetary support to help rebuild European economies in order to combat the ____. | spread of communism |
| President Roosevelt's attempt to the change the number of justices on the Supreme Court was a direct consequence of the Court's rulings in several challenges to ___ legislation. | New Deal |
| The New Deal lost its momentum, because Northern Republicans and Southern Democrats worked together to ___. | block new programs |
| The Lend-Lease Act was a direct consequence of Franklin Roosevelt's having to work around the isolationists in order to help the ___. | Allies |
| The major force behind the establishment of the United Nations was President ___. | Franklin Roosevelt. |
| Franklin Roosevelt would support this thought: "I can predict with absolute certainty that within another generation there will be another ___ if the nations of the world do not concert* the method by which to prevent it." | e. Franklin Roosevelt |
| Keynesian economic theory was validated by a. the programs of the First Hundred Days of the New Deal. b. the overall efforts of the New Deal to fight unemployment. c. government spending to fight World War II. d. price and wage controls established during | world war |
| The Tennessee Valley Authority was established to provide flood control and ___ for Appalachia. | generate electric power |
| The AAA and NRA Acts of the New Deal were held to be unconstitutional by the ___? | Supreme Court |
| Isolationists and America Firsters believed, Hitler was Europe's problem, Lend-Lease would draw the nation into war, France would be able to defend itself & the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans would___ the United States from Europe's war. | protect |
| The Supreme Court upheld the ___ of Japanese Americans in World War II? | relocation and internment |
| Critics claimed that Roosevelt and Churchill gave away Eastern Europe to Stalin at wartime ____conferences. | Yalta |
| The US experienced an economic boom after World War II because people ___ their wartime savings. | spent |
| Labor workers on the homefront did not observed the ___ policy. | no-strike |
| ___ in World War II did not fight in the war is segregated units under whites. | Latinos |
| Because of the Fair ___ Practices Commission, Latino men and women found work in defense industries and because they were citizens, Puerto Ricans could enlist in the U.S. armed forces. | Employment |
| During World War II the Bracero Program (means strong arm in Spanish) brought 250,000 Mexicans into the United States ___ to work in industries and agriculture. | temporally |
| The reason the government place the Mainland Japanese American was not to isolated them to protect them from the rising ___. | anti-Japanese hysteria |
| Japanese Ame. were removed to internment camps because there was concern about national security, anti-Japanese prejudice, the fear that Japanese Am. would support an attack by Japan and the desire among non-Asian Am. to __that Japanese Am. had to vacate. | take over the farms and businesses |
| President Truman and Congress differed sharply over national ____ insurance. | health |
| All of the following contributed to the new "instant suburbs" after World War II the availability of federal home loan mortgages, mass production of houses, crowded cities and the pent-up ___. | demand for homeownership |
| The Truman Doctrine is significant, because it staked out a role for the United States in___ around the world. | fighting communism |
| Facts about Berlin blockade? 1 Soviets expected the Allies to withdraw from W. Berlin. 2. Allies accel. their program to establish a democratic ___.3. Allies ran the airlift because they feared that if they backed down over Berlin all of Europe might ___. | West Germany, fall to communism |
| The main purpose of GATT was that is reduced tariffs among member nations___. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (typically abbreviated GATT) | worldwide |
| Which of the following groups did not support Truman in the election of 1948? a. African Americans b. Traditional Eastern and Midwestern Democrats c. Labor d. Dixiecrats e. Farmers | d. Dixiecrats |
| Give one issue discussed at Yalta: | The re-division of Eastern Europe. |
| Significance: Battle of Leyte Gulf: | Preceded the U.S. invasion of the Phillipines. |
| When did the Battle of Leyte Gulf take place? | 1944 |
| The ___ of the United States increased from $91 billion in 1939 to $166 billion in 1945. | GNP |
| The GNP (Gross National Product) of the United States increased dramatically during World War II. The GNP is the total value of all goods and __ produced in a country over a certain time period. | services |
| The Great Depression ended with the ___ of World War II. | beginning |
| The beginning of WWII marked the end of the Great Depression. Unemployment dropped from 17% in 1939 to 1.2% in 1944. There was actually a shortage of people to fill jobs, so ___ of women ended up filling positions which men left when they went to war. | millions |
| Shortages in food and raw materials led to __ in the United States in 1942. Americans were given ration coupons to control how much food, gas, and other items they purchased. | rationing |
| Rationing began in 1942 to conserve resources. Many Americans grew '___ gardens,' to supplement the rationing and to show their support for the war. There were also __ to finance the war, and campaigns to collect rubber and scrap metal. | victory , bond drives |
| The War Production Board was established during World War II to direct __ and the procurement of materials. | war production |
| The War Production Board (WPB) was granted sweeping powers over the nation's economic life. The WPB __of automobiles, houses and many other products to use the materials for war. | halted production |
| The War Production Board converted American industry from producing __ goods to maximum war production. | peacetime |
| During World War II, due to a shortage of workers, salaries rose and spending increased. In and attempt to limit the __ that would result from this, the government established the Office of Price Administration. | inflation |
| The Office of Price Administration established __ prices on many goods produced, and on rent. The OPA was also responsible for the rationing program started in December 1941. | maximum |
| The Office of ____- Administration was created to keep inflation in check during World War II. The National War Labor Board was responsible for ensuring that workers kept working. | Price |
| The National War Labor Board mediated labor disputes, monitored working conditions, and sought to keep workers satisfied and on the job so that war production could continue without any __. | interruptions |
| The United States' cost of World War II was covered by taxes, war bonds, and borrowing from banks. The Revenue Act of 1942 significantly increased __ on individuals and corporations to finance the war. | taxes |
| The Revenue Act of 1942 resulted in many Americans who weren't required to pay taxes before to pay federal __ for the first time. In addition to financing the war, federal taxes also helped to curb inflation. | income taxes |
| The Dumbarton Oaks Conference | Held in 1944. Led to the formation of the League of Nations. |
| When did the Dumbarton Oaks Conference take place? | 1944 |
| Post-WWII 'bone in the throat of Russia': | Berlin |
| After which war was the Marshall Plan instituted? | WWII |
| What trials decided the fate of Nazi war criminals? | The Nuremberg Trials most notable for the prosecution of prominent members of the political, military, and economic leadership of the defeated Nazi Germany. |
| During what conference was the redivision of Eastern Europe discussed? | Yalta: Mainly, it was intended to discuss the re-establishment of the nations of war-torn Europe. |
| Record number of births after WWII | Baby Boom |
| Baby Boomers born when? | Between 1946 and 1964 |
| What was the purpose of the Truman Doctrine? | To aid countries that were the target of Communist expansionism. stating that the U.S. would support Greece and Turkey with economic and military aid to prevent their falling into the Soviet sphere |
| What President is responsible for the Truman Doctrine? | Harry Truman |
| What was the primary purpose of the Marshall Plan? | Provide economic aid to war-torn Europe. |
| During what Administration was the Marshall Plan instituted? | The Truman Administration |
| What set of circumstances led to Truman's speech announcing the policies which would form the Truman Doctrine? | Britain notified the U.S. that it could no longer shoulder the economics of aid to Greece and Turkey: both in struggles against Communism. Greece was in civil war and could not have survived without help. |
| When did the policies known as the Truman Doctrine begin? | 1947 |
| How did civil war in Greece influence American foreign policy? | Truman was determined that Greece not fall to Communism. When Britain could no longer afford the aid, the U.S. took over - and began massive aid to any country facing Communist insurgents or intervention: the Truman Doctrine |
| When did the Berlin Airlift become necessary and how long did it last? | June, 1948. It lasted for 11 months. |
| Reasons for Stalin's blockade: | wanted to drive the U.S. and Britain out and prevent the formation of a free West German state. |
Created by:
wendyk44
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