Question 1

Pendleton Act.

Accepted Answer

Established the U.S. Civil Service Commission, which placed most federal employees on the Merit System instead of the Patronage System.  federal jobs filled by competitive written examination.

Question 2

Rockefeller.

Accepted Answer

An American industrialist who played a prominent role in the early oil industry with the founding of Standard Oil.  Used horizontal and vertical integration.

Question 3

Civil Service.

Accepted Answer

Employed by the government.

Question 4

Political machines.

Accepted Answer

Ways to raise money for polititians.

Question 5

Tammany Hall.

Accepted Answer

The Democratic Party political machine that played a major role in New York City in elections from 1854 to 1934.

Question 6

16th Amendment.

Accepted Answer

Authorizing the use of income taxes in their present form.

Question 7

17th Amendment.

Accepted Answer

Provided for the direct election of Senators by the people of a state rather than by a state legislature.

Question 8

18th Amendment.

Accepted Answer

Prohibition of alcohol.

Question 9

19th Amendment.

Accepted Answer

Women's suffrage - right to vote.

Question 10

20th Amendment.

Accepted Answer

The Lame Duck Amendment. Reduce the amount of time between the election of the President and Congress and the beginning of their terms.

Question 11

21st Amendment.

Accepted Answer

Repealed the 18th Amendment - allowed state to decide on alcohol laws.

Question 12

Diplomacy.

Accepted Answer

Negotiations between representatives of nations.

Question 13

Muckrakers.

Accepted Answer

A journalist, author or filmmaker who investigates and exposes political or societal corruption.

Question 14

Scopes Trial.

Accepted Answer

John Scopes, a high school teacher, was arrested for teaching evolution from Darwin's Origin's Of Species.  "Monkey Trial". Lawyers were William Jennings Bryan and Clarence Darrow.

Question 15

Booker T. Washington.

Accepted Answer

Black leader who advocated industrial education and acceptance to segregation.

Question 16

W.E.B. Dubois.

Accepted Answer

The most prominent intellectual leader and political activist on behalf of African Americans in the first half of the twentieth century.

Question 17

NAACP.

Accepted Answer

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Founded 1909.  Most influential civil rights organizations in the US.

Question 18

Niagara Conference.

Accepted Answer

Christian Bible conferences from 1883 that spread Fundamentalism and Bible colleges.

Question 19

Spanish American War.

Accepted Answer

(blank).

Question 20

De Lôme Letter.

Accepted Answer

A letter in which the Spanish Minister wrote badly about the American president was stolen and published.  This is seen as one of the principal causes of the Spanish-American War of 1898.

Question 21

San Juan Hill.

Accepted Answer

The Battle of San Juan Hill was the bloodiest and most famous battle of the Spanish-American War.  Rough Riders led by Theodore Roosevelt, became a hero.

Question 22

Platt Amendment.

Accepted Answer

The conditions for the withdrawal of U. S. troops remaining in Cuba since the Spanish-American War.  Cuba would have no foreign debt and not transfer land to ay power other than the U.S..

Question 23

Treaty of Paris 1898.

Accepted Answer

Treaty that ended the Spanish American War.  Cuba would become an independent country.

Question 24

Imperialism.

Accepted Answer

"Age of Imperialism" where major European states started colonizing the other continents.

Question 25

1912 Election.

Accepted Answer

Democrat Woodrow Wilson defeated both Taft and Roosevelt in the general election, winning a huge majority in the Electoral College despite only winning 42% of the popular vote.  The only time between 1892 and 1932 that a Democrat was elected President.

Question 26

Harding Teapot Dome.

Accepted Answer

U.S. Secretary of the Interior Albert B. Fall had leased the petroleum reserves to a private oil company without competitive bidding.  The first true symbol of government corruption in America.

Question 27

Buisness - Calvin Coolidge.

Accepted Answer

During Coolidge's presidency, the United States experienced the period of rapid economic growth known as the "Roaring Twenties." His economic policy may be summed up in the quote "the business of America is business".

Question 28

Hooverville.

Accepted Answer

A series of villages during the Great Depression for unemployed and homeless.  Nicknamed after President Hoover.

Question 29

Bonus Army.

Accepted Answer

About 20,000 World War I veterans seeking immediate payment of a "bonus".  Most of the Bonus Army camped in a Hooverville.

Question 30

Laissez Faire.

Accepted Answer

No government interference.

Question 31

Nativism.

Accepted Answer

Against immigration.

Question 32

Immigration.

Accepted Answer

Movement of people from one nation-state to another, where they are not citizens.

Question 33

Harlem Renaissance.

Accepted Answer

A flowering of African American art, literature, music and culture in the U.S. led by the African American community in Harlem, New York City after World War I.

Question 34

Treaty of Portsmouth.

Accepted Answer

Formally ended the 1904-1905 Russo-Japanese War in 1905.  Theodore Roosevelt mediated the treaty and won the Nobel Peace prize for it.

Question 35

Schenck v. United States.

Accepted Answer

A Supreme Court case that said free speech can be limited in a time of war if it creates a "clear and present danger".

Question 36

WWI - Archduke Ferdinand of Austria.

Accepted Answer

His assassination in Sarajevo precipitated the Austrian declaration of war which triggered World War I.

Question 37

WWI - Reasons for US to enter.

Accepted Answer

Zimmerman note and shinking of Sussex and Lusitania ships.

Question 38

WWI - Zimmerman note.

Accepted Answer

A coded telegram from Germany in 1917, asking the Mexican government to side with them if the US entered the war.

Question 39

WWI - Sussex and Lusitania.

Accepted Answer

Merchant ships sunk by Germany.

Question 40

WWI - Versailles Treaty.

Accepted Answer

the peace treaty which officially ended World War I with Germany.

Question 41

League of Nations.

Accepted Answer

Started after World War I.  The goal included disarmament, but the League lacked an armed force of its own.

Question 42

Kellogg-Briand Pact.

Accepted Answer

Signed on August 27, 1928, was an international treaty providing for the abandoning of war as an instrument of national policy.

Question 43

Grapes of Wrath.

Accepted Answer

A classic novel published in 1939 and written by John Steinbeck. the novel focuses on a poor family of sharecroppers during the Great Depression.

Question 44

AAA.

Accepted Answer

Agricultural Adjustment Act (1933) restricted production during the New Deal by paying farmers to reduce crop area. Its purpose was to reduce crop surplus so as to effectively raise the value of crops.

Question 45

CCC.

Accepted Answer

Civilian Conservation Corps was a work relief program for young men established in March 1933 during President Franklin D. Roosevelt.  It was part of the New Deal designed to combat the poverty and unemployment of the Great Depression.

Question 46

FDIC.

Accepted Answer

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. A US corporation created by the Glass-Steagall Act of 1933 to insure money in savings banks.

Question 47

PWA.

Accepted Answer

Public Works Administration.  A New Deal agency that made contracts with private firms for construction of public works.

Question 48

NIRA.

Accepted Answer

National Industrial Recovery Act.  Part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal.  It authorized the President to regulate businesses for fair competition, job creation, and stimulate the economy.

Question 49

SEC.

Accepted Answer

Securities and Exchange Commission. A US agency set up to enforce the Federal securities laws and regulating the securities industry (stocks).

Question 50

TVA.

Accepted Answer

Tennessee Valley Authority.  Created in 1933 to provide navigation, flood control, electricity generation, fertilizer manufacturing, and economic development in the Tennessee Valley.

Question 51

Bank Holidays.

Accepted Answer

Emergency 4 day closing of banks.  Created by the EBRA to temporarily close banks to allow Federal inspectors determine if they are financially secure enough to reopenned.

Question 52

EBRA.

Accepted Answer

Emergency Banking Relief Act - created bank holidays.

Question 53

PWA.

Accepted Answer

Public Works Administration.   New Deal agency that made contracts with private firms for construction of public works.

Question 54

CWA.

Accepted Answer

Civil Works Administration. A New Deal agency to create jobs for millions of the unemployed.

Question 55

Court-packing Bill.

Accepted Answer

Gave the president power to appoint an extra Supreme Court Justice for every sitting Justice over the age of 70 and six months.

Question 56

NLRB.

Accepted Answer

National Labor Relations Board.  A US agency charged with conducting elections for labor union representation.

History test 13 - 23

Benchmark test

Term	Definition	Quick Term
Pendleton Act.	Established the U.S. Civil Service Commission, which placed most federal employees on the Merit System instead of the Patronage System. federal jobs filled by competitive written examination.	Established Civil Service Commission (CCC).
Rockefeller.	An American industrialist who played a prominent role in the early oil industry with the founding of Standard Oil. Used horizontal and vertical integration.	Owned oil company.
Civil Service.	Employed by the government.	Government worker.
Political machines.	Ways to raise money for polititians.	Raises money for politicians
Tammany Hall.	The Democratic Party political machine that played a major role in New York City in elections from 1854 to 1934.	Democratic Party political machine in NY.
16th Amendment.	Authorizing the use of income taxes in their present form.	Started income taxes.
17th Amendment.	Provided for the direct election of Senators by the people of a state rather than by a state legislature.	Senators elected by the people.
18th Amendment.	Prohibition of alcohol.	Prohibition of alcohol.
19th Amendment.	Women's suffrage - right to vote.	Women's right to vote.
20th Amendment.	The Lame Duck Amendment. Reduce the amount of time between the election of the President and Congress and the beginning of their terms.	Shortened time from presidential election to start of term.
21st Amendment.	Repealed the 18th Amendment - allowed state to decide on alcohol laws.	Repealed prohibition.
Diplomacy.	Negotiations between representatives of nations.	Negotiations between representatives of nations.
Muckrakers.	A journalist, author or filmmaker who investigates and exposes political or societal corruption.	Journalists who expose corruption.
Scopes Trial.	John Scopes, a high school teacher, was arrested for teaching evolution from Darwin's Origin's Of Species. "Monkey Trial". Lawyers were William Jennings Bryan and Clarence Darrow.	Monkey Trial for teaching Darwin's theory of evolution.
Booker T. Washington.	Black leader who advocated industrial education and acceptance to segregation.	Black leader, advocated industrial education.
W.E.B. Dubois.	The most prominent intellectual leader and political activist on behalf of African Americans in the first half of the twentieth century.	Political activist for African Americans.
NAACP.	National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Founded 1909. Most influential civil rights organizations in the US.	National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.
Niagara Conference.	Christian Bible conferences from 1883 that spread Fundamentalism and Bible colleges.	Christian Bible conferences.
Spanish American War.	(blank).
De Lôme Letter.	A letter in which the Spanish Minister wrote badly about the American president was stolen and published. This is seen as one of the principal causes of the Spanish-American War of 1898.	Spanish Minister's letter was main cause of the Spanish-American War .
San Juan Hill.	The Battle of San Juan Hill was the bloodiest and most famous battle of the Spanish-American War. Rough Riders led by Theodore Roosevelt, became a hero.	Battle of the Spanish-American. Teddy Roosevelt became a hero with his Rough Riders.
Platt Amendment.	The conditions for the withdrawal of U. S. troops remaining in Cuba since the Spanish-American War. Cuba would have no foreign debt and not transfer land to ay power other than the U.S..	Conditions for U.S. withdrawl from Cuba.
Treaty of Paris 1898.	Treaty that ended the Spanish American War. Cuba would become an independent country.	Ended the Spanish American War.
Imperialism.	"Age of Imperialism" where major European states started colonizing the other continents.	Colonizing the other continents.
1912 Election.	Democrat Woodrow Wilson defeated both Taft and Roosevelt in the general election, winning a huge majority in the Electoral College despite only winning 42% of the popular vote. The only time between 1892 and 1932 that a Democrat was elected President.	Democrat was elected President by large margin, but only 42% of popular vote.
Harding Teapot Dome.	U.S. Secretary of the Interior Albert B. Fall had leased the petroleum reserves to a private oil company without competitive bidding. The first true symbol of government corruption in America.	Oil scandal, symbolized government corruption.
Buisness - Calvin Coolidge.	During Coolidge's presidency, the United States experienced the period of rapid economic growth known as the "Roaring Twenties." His economic policy may be summed up in the quote "the business of America is business".	Rapid economic growth during Coolidge presidency.
Hooverville.	A series of villages during the Great Depression for unemployed and homeless. Nicknamed after President Hoover.	Homeless villages nicknames after Hoover.
Bonus Army.	About 20,000 World War I veterans seeking immediate payment of a "bonus". Most of the Bonus Army camped in a Hooverville.	Ex WWI veterans wanting war bonuses money.
Laissez Faire.	No government interference.	No government interference.
Nativism.	Against immigration.	Against immigration.
Immigration.	Movement of people from one nation-state to another, where they are not citizens.	People moving to another country.
Harlem Renaissance.	A flowering of African American art, literature, music and culture in the U.S. led by the African American community in Harlem, New York City after World War I.	Black Musicians and artists in Harlem.
Treaty of Portsmouth.	Formally ended the 1904-1905 Russo-Japanese War in 1905. Theodore Roosevelt mediated the treaty and won the Nobel Peace prize for it.	Ended 1904-1905 Russo-Japanese War
Schenck v. United States.	A Supreme Court case that said free speech can be limited in a time of war if it creates a "clear and present danger".	Limits free speech during time of war.
WWI - Archduke Ferdinand of Austria.	His assassination in Sarajevo precipitated the Austrian declaration of war which triggered World War I.	His assassination started World War I.
WWI - Reasons for US to enter.	Zimmerman note and shinking of Sussex and Lusitania ships.	Zimmerman note and shinking of Sussex and Lusitania ships.
WWI - Zimmerman note.	A coded telegram from Germany in 1917, asking the Mexican government to side with them if the US entered the war.	Telegram from Germany asking Mexico to side with Germany in WWI.
WWI - Sussex and Lusitania.	Merchant ships sunk by Germany.	Merchant ships sunk by Germany.
WWI - Versailles Treaty.	the peace treaty which officially ended World War I with Germany.	ended World War I with Germany.
League of Nations.	Started after World War I. The goal included disarmament, but the League lacked an armed force of its own.	Predecesor to the United Nations.
Kellogg-Briand Pact.	Signed on August 27, 1928, was an international treaty providing for the abandoning of war as an instrument of national policy.	Treaty to stop nations from using war as normal policy.
Grapes of Wrath.	A classic novel published in 1939 and written by John Steinbeck. the novel focuses on a poor family of sharecroppers during the Great Depression.	Novel about poor sharecroppers during the Great Depression.
AAA.	Agricultural Adjustment Act (1933) restricted production during the New Deal by paying farmers to reduce crop area. Its purpose was to reduce crop surplus so as to effectively raise the value of crops.	Agricultural Adjustment Act paying farmers to not grow crops.
CCC.	Civilian Conservation Corps was a work relief program for young men established in March 1933 during President Franklin D. Roosevelt. It was part of the New Deal designed to combat the poverty and unemployment of the Great Depression.	Civilian Conservation Corps was a work program during the Great Depression.
FDIC.	Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. A US corporation created by the Glass-Steagall Act of 1933 to insure money in savings banks.	Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation to insure bank deposits.
PWA.	Public Works Administration. A New Deal agency that made contracts with private firms for construction of public works.	Public Works Administration to use private comapanies to construct public works.
NIRA.	National Industrial Recovery Act. Part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal. It authorized the President to regulate businesses for fair competition, job creation, and stimulate the economy.	National Industrial Recovery Act authorized the President to regulate businesses.
SEC.	Securities and Exchange Commission. A US agency set up to enforce the Federal securities laws and regulating the securities industry (stocks).	Securities and Exchange Commission set up to enforce the Federal securities law (stocks).
TVA.	Tennessee Valley Authority. Created in 1933 to provide navigation, flood control, electricity generation, fertilizer manufacturing, and economic development in the Tennessee Valley.	Tennessee Valley Authority to build utilities in Tennessee.
Bank Holidays.	Emergency 4 day closing of banks. Created by the EBRA to temporarily close banks to allow Federal inspectors determine if they are financially secure enough to reopenned.	Closed U.S. banks for inspection. Risky banks could not reopen.
EBRA.	Emergency Banking Relief Act - created bank holidays.	Emergency Banking Relief Act - created bank holidays.
PWA.	Public Works Administration. New Deal agency that made contracts with private firms for construction of public works.	Public Works Administration
CWA.	Civil Works Administration. A New Deal agency to create jobs for millions of the unemployed.	Civil Works Administration to create jobs.
Court-packing Bill.	Gave the president power to appoint an extra Supreme Court Justice for every sitting Justice over the age of 70 and six months.	President power to appoint an extra Supreme Court Justices.
NLRB.	National Labor Relations Board. A US agency charged with conducting elections for labor union representation.	National Labor Relations Board to conduct elections for labor unions.

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