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History ch16 vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. satellite state | independent nation under the control of a more powerful nation |
| 2.Cold War | Worldwide rivalry between the U.S. and the Soviet Union |
| 3.iron curtain | term coined by Winston Churchill to describe the border between the Soviet satellite states and Western Europe |
| 4.Truman Doctrine | President Truman's promise to help nations struggling against communist movements |
| 5.George F. Kennan | An American diplomat and a leading authority on the Soviet Union |
| 6.containment | policy of keeping communism contained within its existing borders |
| 7.Marshall Plan | foreign policy that offered economic aid to Western European countries after WWII |
| 8.Berlin airlift | program in which U.S. and British pilots flew supplies to West Berlin during a Soviet blockade |
| 9.NATO | North Atlantic Treaty Organization - military alliance formed to counter soviet expansion |
| 10.Warsaw Pact | military alliance of the Soviet Union and its satellite states |
| 11.Jiang Jieshi | Nationalist leader |
| 12.Mao Zedong | communist leader |
| 13. 38th parallel | dividing line between north and south Korea |
| 14.Douglas MacArthur | had a bold plan to drive invaders from South Korea |
| 15.limited war | war fought to achieve only specific goals |
| 16.SEATO | South East Asia Treaty Organization - defensive alliance aimed at preventing communist aggression in Asia |
| 17.arms race | contest in which nations compete to build more powerful weapons |
| 18.mutually assured destruction | policy in which the U.S. and the Soviet Union hoped to deter nuclear war by building up enough weapons to destroy one another |
| 19.John Foster Dulles | Eisenhower's secretary of state who was an experienced diplomat who had helped organize the U.N. after WWII |
| 20.massive retaliation | policy of threatening to use massive force in response to aggression |
| 21.brinkmanship | belief that only by going to the brink of war could the U.S. protect itself against communist aggression |
| 22.Nikita Khrushchev | emerged as the new head of the Soviet Union after Stalin died |
| 23.nationalize | to place a resource under government control |
| 24.Suez crisis | attempt by France and Great Britain to seize control of the Suez Canal in 1956 |
| 25.Eisenhower Doctrine | policy of President Eisenhower that stated that the U.S. would use force to help any nation threatened by communism |
| 26.CIA | Central Intelligence Agency - U.S. intelligence-gathering organization |
| 27.NASA | National Aeronautics and Space Administration - government agency that coordinates U.S. efforts in space |
| 28.Red Scare | fear that communists were working to destroy the American way of life |
| 29.Smith Act | law that made it unlawful to teach or advocate the violent overthrow of the U.S. government |
| 30.HUAC | House Un-American Activities Committee - congressional committee that investigated possible subversive activities within the U.S. |
| 31.Hollywood Ten | group of movie writers,directors,and producers who refused to answer HUAC questions about communism ties |
| 32.blacklist | list of people who were not hired because of suspected communist ties |
| 33.Alger Hiss | tried for perjury and was found guilty at his 2nd trial |
| 34. Julius and Ethel Rosenberg | charged with conspiring to pass secret information about nuclear science to Soviet agents and were killed |
| 35.Joseph R. McCarthy | senator of Wisconsin charged that the State Department was infested with communist agents |
| 36.McCarthyism | negative catchword for extreme, reckless charges of disloyalty |