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History Ch.15 Vocab

QuestionAnswer
1.Dwight Eisenhower American officer who commanded the Allied invasion of North Africa
2.George S. Patton, Jr. an innovative tank commander in charge of American forces in North Africa
3.unconditional surrender giving up completely without any concessions
4.saturation bombing tactic of dropping massive amounts of bombs in order to inflict maximum damage
5.straegic bombing tactic of dropping bombs on key political and industrial targets
6.Tuskegee Airmen African American squadron that escorted bombers in the air war over Europe during WWII
7.Chester Nimitz commander of the U.S. Navy in the Pacific
8.Battle of Midway turning point of WWII in the Pacific,in which the Japanese advance was stopped
9. A. Philip Randolph labor leader that asserted that African Americans would no longer accept second-class citizenship
10.Executive Order 8802 WWII measure that assured fair hiring practices in any job funded by the gov.
11.bracero program plan that brought laborers from Mexico to work on American farms
12.internment temporary imprisonment of members of a specific group
13.Korematsu v. U.S. Japanese went to court to seek their rights
14. 442nd Regimental Combat Team fought in the Italian campaign and became the most decorated military unit in American history
15.rationing government-controlled limits on the amount of certain goods that civilians could buy during wartime
16.OWI (Office of War Information) government agency that encouraged support of the war effort during WWII
17.D-Day June 6,1944, the day Allies landed on the beaches of Normandy, France
18.Battle of the Bulge in Dec. 1944, Hitler ordered a counterattack on Allied troops in Belgium,but it crippled Germany by using up reserves and demoralizing its troops
19.Harry S. Truman president of the U.S. at the end of the war
20.island hopping WWII strategy that involved seizing selected Japanese-held islands in the Pacific while bypassing others
21.kamikaze Japanese pilots who deliberately crashed planes into American ships during WWII
22.Albert Einstein world's most famous scientist who alerted Roosevelt about the need to proceed with atomic development
23.Manhattan Project code name of the project that developed the atomic bomb
24. J. Robert Oppenheimer one of the leaders of the Manhattan Project who ran the scientific aspect of the project
25.Holocaust name now used to describe the systematic murder of Jews by Nazis
26.anti-Semitism prejudice and discrimination against Jewish people
27.Nuremburg Laws laws enacted by Hitler that denied German citizenship to Jews
28.Kristallnacht "Night of the Broken Glass," organized attacks on Jewish communities in Germany on Nov. 9,1938
29.genocide willful annihilation of a racial, political,or cultural group
30.concentration camp camps used by the Nazis to imprison "undesirable" members of society
31.death camp Nazi camp designed for the extermination of prisoners
32.War Refugee Board U.S. government agency founded in 1944 to save Eastern European Jews
33.Yalta Conference 1945 strategy meeting between Roosevelt,Churchill, and Stalin
34.superpower powerful country that plays a dominant economic,political,and military role in the world
35.GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) international agreement first signed in 1947 aimed at lowering trade barriers
36.United Nations organization founded in 1945 to promote peace
37. Universal Declaration of Human Rights document issued by the UN to promote basic human rights and freedoms
38.Geneva Convention international agreement governing the humane treatment of wounded soldiers and prisoners of war
39.Nuremburg Trials trials in which Nazi leaders were charged with war crimes
Created by: Monniegirl13
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