Question 1

1. Dwight Eisenhower:

Accepted Answer

an American officer who commanded the Allied invasion of North Africa.

Question 2

2. George S. Patton, Jr:

Accepted Answer

an innovative tank commander.

Question 3

3. unconditional surrender:

Accepted Answer

giving up completely without any concessions.

Question 4

4. saturation bombing:

Accepted Answer

tactic of dropping massive amounts of bombs in order to inflict maximum damage.

Question 5

5. strategic bombing:

Accepted Answer

tactic of dropping bombs on key political and industrial targets.

Question 6

6. Tuskegee Airmen:

Accepted Answer

African American squadron that escorted bombers in the air war over Europe during World War 2.

Question 7

7. Chester Nimitz:

Accepted Answer

commander of the United States Navy in the Pacific.

Question 8

8. Battle of Midway:

Accepted Answer

turning point of World War 2 in the Pacific, in which Japanese advance was stopped.

Question 9

9. A. Philip Randolph:

Accepted Answer

a labor leader who asserted that African Americans would no longer accept second-class citizenship.

Question 10

10. Executive Order 8802:

Accepted Answer

World War 2 measure that assured fair hiring practices in any job funded by the government.

Question 11

11. bracero program:

Accepted Answer

plan that brought laborers from Mexico to work on American farms.

Question 12

12. internment:

Accepted Answer

temporary imprisonment of members of a specific group.

Question 13

13. Korematsu vs. United States:

Accepted Answer

a court case that involved Japanese Americans going to court to seek their rights.

Question 14

14. 442nd Regimental Combat Team:

Accepted Answer

fought in the Italian campaign and became the most decorated military unit in American history.

Question 15

15. rationing:

Accepted Answer

government-controlled limits on the amount of certain goods that civilians could buy during wartime.

Question 16

16. OWI:

Accepted Answer

government agency that encouraged the support of the war effort during World War 2.

Question 17

17. D-Day:

Accepted Answer

June 6, 1944, the day Allies landed on the beaches of Normandy, France.

Question 18

18. Battle of the Bulge:

Accepted Answer

in December 1944, Hitler ordered a counterattack on Allied troops in Belgium, but it crippled Germany by using up reserves and demoralizing its troops.

Question 19

19. Harry S. Truman:

Accepted Answer

the new President after FDR died.

Question 20

20. island hopping:

Accepted Answer

World War 2 strategy that involved seizing selected Japanese-held islands in the Pacific while bypassing others.

Question 21

21. kamikaze:

Accepted Answer

Japanese pilots who deliberately crashed planes into American ships during World War 2.

Question 22

22. Albert Einstein:

Accepted Answer

the world's most famous scientist.

Question 23

23. Manhattan Project:

Accepted Answer

code name of the project that developed the atomic bomb.

Question 24

24. J. Robert Oppenheimer:

Accepted Answer

one of the two primary leaders of the Manhattan Project.

Question 25

25. Holocaust:

Accepted Answer

name now used to describe the systematic murder of Jews by the Nazis.

Question 26

26. anti-Semitism:

Accepted Answer

prejudice and discrimination against Jewish people.

Question 27

27. Nuremberg Laws:

Accepted Answer

laws enacted by Hitler that denied German citizenship to Jews.

Question 28

28. Kristallnacht:

Accepted Answer

"Night of the Broken Glass" organized attacks on Jewish communities in Germany on November 9, 1938.

Question 29

29. genocide:

Accepted Answer

willful annihilation of a racial, political, or cultural group.

Question 30

30. concentration camp:

Accepted Answer

camps used by the Nazis to imprison "undesirable" members of society.

Question 31

31. death camp:

Accepted Answer

Nazi camp designed for the extermination of prisoners.

Question 32

32. War Refugee Board:

Accepted Answer

U.S. government agency founded in 1944 to save Eastern European Jews.

Question 33

33. Yalta Conference:

Accepted Answer

1945 strategy meeting between Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin.

Question 34

34. superpower:

Accepted Answer

powerful country that plays a dominant economic, political, and military role in the world.

Question 35

35. GATT:

Accepted Answer

international agreement first signed in 1947 aimed at lowering trade barriers.

Question 36

36. United Nations:

Accepted Answer

organization founded in 1945 to promote peace.

Question 37

37. Universal Declaration of Human Rights:

Accepted Answer

document issued by the UN to promote basic human rights and freedoms.

Question 38

38. Geneva Convention:

Accepted Answer

international agreement governing the humane treatment of wounded soldiers and prisoners of war.

Question 39

39. Nuremberg Trials:

Accepted Answer

trials in which Nazi leaders were charged with war crimes.

ChapterFifteenVocab

Chapter 15 Vocabulary U.S.History

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