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ChapterTwelve Vocab
Chapter 12 Vocabulary U.S.History
Word | Definition |
---|---|
1. Herbert Hoover: | an accomplished public servant who won the 1928 election. |
2. speculation: | practice of making high-risk investments in hopes of obtaining large profits. |
3. Black Tuesday: | October 29, 1929, when stock prices fell sharply in the Great Crash. |
4. business cycle: | periodic growth and contraction of the economy. |
5. Great Depression: | period lasting from 1929 to 1941 in which the U.S. economy faltered and unemployment soared. |
6. Hawley-Smoot Tariff: | protective import tax authorized by Congress in 1930. |
7. breadline: | line of people waiting for food handouts from charities or public agencies. |
8. Hooverville: | term used to describe makeshift shantytowns set up by homeless people during the Great Depression. |
9. tenant farmer: | farmers who worked for bigger landowners rather than themselves. |
10. Dust Bowl: | term used for the central and southern Great Plains during the 1930s when the region suffered from drought and dust storms. |
11. Okies: | general term used to describe Dust Bowl refugees. |
12. repatriation: | process by which Mexican Americans were encouraged, or forced, by local, state, and federal officials to return to Mexico during the 1930s. |
13. localism: | policy relied on by President Hoover in the early years of the Depression whereby local and state governments act as primary agents of economic relief. |
14. Reconstruction Finance Corporation: | federal agency set up by Congress in 1932 to provide emergency government credit to banks, railroads and other large businesses. |
15. trickle-down economics: | economic theory that holds that money lent to banks and businesses will trickle down to consumers. |
16. Hoover Dam: | dam on the Colorado River that was built during the Great Depression. |
17. Bonus Army: | group of World War 1 veterans who marched on Washington, D.C., in 1932 to demand early payment of a bonus promised them by Congress. |
18. Douglas MacArthur: | hired to remove the Bonus Army from the city. |