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Unit Eight APUSH
Mrs. Grieve's Unit Eight (Roaring Twenties)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Warren G. Harding | president from 1921-1923 |
| Calvin Coolidge | president from 1923-1929 |
| Herbert Hoover | president from 1929-1933 |
| Roaring Twenties | popular image of the decade as a period of prosperity, optimism, and changing morals; symbolized best by the “flapper” |
| “Return to Normalcy” | campaign theme of Harding during the election of 1920; it reflected the conservative mood of the country after the constant appeals to idealism that characterized both the Progressive Era and Wilson’s fight over the League of Nations |
| Teapot Dome | scandal under Harding in which Sec of Interior Fall takes bribes for granting oil leases on government land in Wyoming |
| Fordism | alternative name for assembly line production |
| open shop | term for company that offers jobs to non-union members |
| welfare capitalism | term that refers to when companies give improved benefits and higher wages so people would not join unions |
| jazz | new music form of 1920; derived from African-American rhythms and ragtime |
| consumerism | idea that consumer goods dominated the market and what we consume defines who we are |
| planned obsolescence | tactic by which car companies purposely change a car’s design to stimulate more sales |
| installment plans | buying a product and paying for it over the course of time; also known as “buying on credit” |
| flappers | women who challenged traditional gender roles in the 1920s by being more sexually promiscuous |
| Margaret Sanger | feminist who promoted birth control |
| Liberal Protestantism | religious movement of 1920s that took historical and critical view of Bible; said Bible was not to be taken literally; urban |
| Fundamentalism | conservative religious movement that took a literal view of the Bible; rural |
| Scopes Trial | trial that represented clash between fundamentalists and liberals in 1920s; issue was over evolution |
| Clarence Darrow | liberal lawyer in Scopes Trial; defended John T. Scopes |
| William Jennings Bryan | fundamentalist lawyer during Scopes Trial; prosecuted John T. Scopes |
| Harlem Renaissance | musical, literary, artistic “rebirth” amongst African-Americans in 1920s |
| Langston Hughes | African-American poet of the Harlem Renaissance |
| Zora Neale Hurston | African-American writer of the Harlem Renaissance |
| Duke Ellington & Louis Armstrong | most famous jazz performers of the Harlem Renaissance |
| Marcus Garvey | black nationalist who led the “back to Africa” movement |
| 18th Amendment | outlawed manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcohol |
| Volstead Act | federal law that enforced 18th Amendment |
| Prohibition | time period in which alcohol was illegal in the United States (1919-1933) |
| Ku Klux Klan | group that hated blacks, Catholics, Jews, foreigners, communists; re-founded at Stone Mountain, Georgia in 1915 |
| Immigration Quota Act of 1924 | law that limited immigration to 2% of the number of foreigners from foreign nations counted in census of 1890 |
| Sacco and Vanzetti | Italian immigrants whose execution was seen by some as an example of nativism |
| Charles Lindbergh | aviator who flew non-stop from New York to Paris in 1927 |
| “Lost Generation” | term for those whose literature expressed disillusionment with earlier time/values AND with materialism/consumerism of 1920s |
| Washington Conference | naval conference of 1921 that set limits on world naval size |
| Kellogg-Briand Pact | renounced war as a means to achieve national goals |
| Fordney-McCumber Tariff | raised tariffs on foreign good 25% and resulted in retaliation by Europe |
| Dawes Plan | payment plan set up by American banks so that Germany could pay off WW I war debts to Allied nations |
Created by:
bjgrieve
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