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Dr. Seva Visc. CFs 1
Dr. Seva's NYCC Visceral Pathology 1st Exam Clinical Features
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are risk factors for cardiac hypertrophy? | HTN and stenosis of valves |
| What condition gives dyspnea on exertion, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, cough, hemoptysis? | Left ventricular failure. |
| If left atrial pressure and pulmonary venous pressure are increased, the lung is congested and HLM's are present what happened? | Left ventricular failure. |
| What happened if right atrial pressure and systemic venous pressure are increased? | Right ventricular failure. |
| What gives clinical features of neck vein distention, elevated JVP, hepatomegaly & tender liver, spleenomegaly, hepato-abdomino-jugular reflex, ascities, peripheral pitting edema? | Right ventricular failure. |
| What pathology gives clinical features of fatigue, dyspnea on exertion, palpitation d/t arrhythmia, repeated LRI in childhood, pansystolic murmur? | VSD |
| Clinical features present: fatigue, dyspnea on exertion, palpitation d/t arrhythmia, repeated LRI in childhood, PHTN, Rt. ventricular hypertrophy, heart failure, paradoxical emboli, bacterial endocarditis, ejection systolic murmur. | ASD |
| Clinical features present: premature infant, left ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure, decreased CO, PHTN, continuous machinery murmur. | PDA |
| Clinical features present: HTN in upper limb (dizziness, HAs and nosebleeds), hypotension in lower limb (weakness, pallor and claudication), radiofemoral delay, vascular bruit. | Coarctation of the Aorta |
| Clinical features present: Angina, syncope, left heart failure, soft S2. | Aortic stenosis (type depends on age of patient: 40-50 is congenital, 60-70 is senile, if associated w/ mitral valve stenosis is rheumatic) |
| Clincal features present: angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, chronic congestive heart failure, sudden death. | Ischemic heart syndrome |
| Pt. is over 45, black and male. Had a pounding morning headache and left ventricular hypertrophy, shifted apical impulse and S4. | Primary HTN |
| Patient is under 35 has facial edema, Conn's or Cushing's syndrome, or anxious/nervous, or acromegaly. | Secondary HTN; kidney, adrenal cortex/medulla, pituitary are primary. |
| Pt. has carditis or chorea or erythema marginatum or subcutaneous nodules. | Jone's major manifestations of rheumatic heart disease. |
| Pt. has arthralgia or fever or raised ESR or leukocytosis or EKG changes. | Jone's minor manifestations of rheumatic heart disease. (need 2 major or 1 major and 2 minor) |
| Pt has decreased CO, dyspnea on exertion, increased LA pressure, LVF soon followed by RVH-RVF. | Mitral stenosis. |
| Pt has systolic murmur, atypical chest pain and palpitations. | Mitral Valve Prolapse |
| Pt has a fever, new murmur and positive blood cultures. | Bacterial endocarditis. |
| Pt has RHD or is an IV drug abuser or has prosthetic valves or is a child w/ VSD. | Bacterial endocarditis. |
| Pt has tachycardia, increased cardiac workload and output. | Hyperthyroidism |
| Pt has bradycardia, impaired myocardial contractility, decreased CO. | Hypothyroidism. |
| Pt is an alcoholic has high CO, salt water retnetion, pedal edema, increased cardiac workload, tachycardia, edema. | Thiamine deficiency: wet beriberi |
| Pt has decreased contractile force of LV and RV that results in heart failure. | Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. |
| Pt has sudden, sharp, substernal chest pain that is relieved by sitting forward and aggravated by lying down, moving and breathing. | Acute pericarditis |
| Pt has hypotension, increased JVP adn muffled heart signs. | Cardiac tamponade |
| Pt has small, quiet heart, restricted venous filling, high venous pressure, low cardiac output, ascites, pedal edema. | Constrictive pericarditis. |
| Pt has nasal irritation, sneezing, watery rhinorrhea, itching of eyes, soft palate and ears. | Allergic Rhinitis |
| Pt smokes cigars and drinks alcohol | Tumors of larynx |
| Pt has dyspnea, sudden chest pain d/t lung infarction and hemoptysis. | Pulmonary embolism |
| Pt has persistent dry cough that lead to sputum prod'n, malaise, low grade fever that lasts 3-7 days but cough persists. | Acute bronchitis |
| Pt has dyspnea, tachypnea, severe hypoxaemia, cyanosis. | ARDS |
| Pt has abrupt onset of high fever, malaise, productive cough with patchy or scattered consolidation on x-ray. | Bacterial Pneumonia |
| Pt has low grade fever, dry cough, headache and malaise. | Viral Pneumonia |
| Pt has caseating granulomas, fever and organisms in sputum. | TB |
| Pt has winter cough that got worse with lots of sputum, wheeze, dyspnea and morning tightness in chest. | Chronic bronchitis |
| Pt has long history of exertional dyspnea and a minimal nonproductive cough. | Emphysema |
| Pt has recurrent episodes of expiratory wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, coughing. | Asthma |
| Pt has chronic cough, foul-smelling large volume of sputum, fever. | Bronchiectasis |
| Pt has increased thick mucus, decreased mucociliary clearance, increased bacterial infections. (LRI and steatorrhea) | Cystic fibrosis |
| Pt had exposure to carbon dust at work years ago. | Anthracosis |
| Pt worked grinding stone, glass and sand. | Silicosis |
| Pt worked w/ brake linings, insulation, in a shipyard. | Asbestosis (mesothelioma and bronchogenic carcinoma major risks) |
| Pt worked in aerospace industry | Berylliosis |
| Pt has gradual onset of increasing dyspnea w/ hilar lymph node involvements and non-caseating granulomas in lung. | Sarcoidosis |
| Pt has hemoptysis, hematuria, anemia, pulmonary fibrosis and presence of circulating anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies. | Goodpasture's syndrome |
| Pt has cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis, chest pain, obstructive pneumonia and pleural effusion. | Carcinoma of the lung. (4 types) |
| Pt has Horner's syndrome | Pancoast syndrome. |
| Pt has sudden pain or feeling of tightness on affected side; affected by deep inspiration, sudden onset of severe dyspnea. | Pneumothorax 2 types, spontaneous (inside-out) and traumatic (rib Fx usually) |
| Pt has hydrothorax or pyothorax or empyema or hemothorax or chylothorax. | Pleural effusion |
| Pt has a history of working w/ asbestose, progressive chest pain and dyspnea. | Malignant Mesothelioma |
Created by:
kabrown
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