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Chapter ElevenVocab

Chapter 11 Vocabulary U.S. History

WordDefinition
1. Henry Ford: a carmaker who introduced a series of methods and ideas that revolutionized production, wages, working conditions, and daily life.
2. mass production: production of goods in larger numbers through the use of machinery and assembly lines.
3. Model T: automobile manufactured by Henry Ford to be affordable on the mass market.
4. scientific management: approach to improving efficiency, in which experts looked at every step of the manufacturing process, trying to find ways to reduce time, effort, and expense.
5. assembly line: arrangement of equipment and workers in which work passes from operation to operation in direct line until the product is assembled.
6. consumer revolution: flood of new, affordable goods in the decades after World War 1.
7. installment buying: method of purchase in which buyer makes a small down-payment and then pays off the rest of the debt in regular monthly payments.
8. bull market: period of rising stock prices.
9. buying on margin: system of buying stocks in which a buyer pays a small percentage of the purchase price while the broker advances the rest.
10. Andrew Mellon: Secretary of the Treasury.
11. Herbert Hoover: Secretary of Commerce.
12. Teapot Dome scandal: scandal during the Harding administration in which the Secretary of the Interior leased government oil reserves to private oilmen in return for bribes.
13. Calvin Coolidge: Vice President.
14. Washington Naval Disarmament Conference: meeting held in 1921 and 1922 where world leaders agreed to limit construction of warships.
15. Kellogg-Briand Pact: 1928 agreement in which many nations agreed to outlaw war.
16. Dawes Plan: agreement in which the United States loaned money to Germany, allowing Germany to make reparation payments to Britain and France.
17. modernism: trend that emphasized science and secular values over traditional ideas about religion.
18. fundamentalism: movement or attitude stressing strict and literal adherence to a set of basic principals.
19: Scopes Trial: 1925 trial of a Tennessee schoolteacher for teaching Darwin's theory of evolution.
20. Clarence Darrow: the most celebrated defense attorney in America.
21. quota system: arrangement that limited the number of immigrants who could enter the United States from specific countries.
22. Ku Klux Klan: organization that promotes hatred and discrimination against specific ethnic and religious groups.
23. Prohibition: the forbidding by law of the manufacture, transport, and sale of alcohol.
24. Eighteenth Amendment: constitutional amendment banning the manufacture, distribution, and sale of alcohol in the United States.
25. Volstead Act: law enacted by Congress to enforce the Eighteenth Amendment.
26. bootlegger: one who sells illegal alcohol.
27. Charlie Chaplin: the most popular silent film star.
28. The Jazz Singer: the first movie with sound synchronized to the action.
29. Babe Ruth: the leading sports hero, baseball home-run king.
30. Charles Lindbergh: the first person to fly across the Atlantic.
31. flapper: young women from the 1920s who defied traditional rules of conduct and dress.
32. Sigmund Freud: an Austrian psychologist.
33. "Lost Generation": term for American writers of the 1920s marked by the disillusion with World War 1 and a search for a new sense of meaning.
34. F. Scott Fitzgerald: a novelist who explored the reality of the American dream of wealth, success, and emotional fulfillment.
35. Ernest Hemingway: Fitzgerald's fellow novelist and good friend who explored similar themes but in a new idiom.
36. Marcus Garvey: the most prominent new African American leader to emerge in the 1920s.
37. jazz: American musical form developed by African Americans, based on improvisation and blending blues, ragtime, and European-based popular music.
38. Louis Armstrong: the unofficial ambassador of jazz.
39. Bessie Smith: the "Empress of the Blues".
40. Harlem Renaissance: period during the 1920s in which African American novelists, poets, and artists celebrated their culture.
41. Claude McKay: the most militant African American writer.
42. Langston Hughes: the most powerful African American literary voice of his time.
43. Zora Neale Hurston: another powerful African American voice.
Created by: kirstenbwarner
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