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Chiropractic Vocabul
Vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Annulus Fibrosus | the outer, fibrous, ring~like portion of an intervertebral disc. |
| Arthritis | inflammation of a joint usually characterized by swelling, pain, and restriction of motion |
| Articular | pertaining to a joint. |
| Cartilage | the hard, thin layer of white glossy tissue that covers the end of bone at a joint. This tissue allows motion to take place with a minimum amount of friction. |
| Cervical | the neck region of the spine containing the first seven vertebrae |
| Cephalgia | refers to head pain or headache. While the precise cause of many headaches remains unknown, several theories exist. The causes of a headache vary depending on the type of headache. |
| Chiropractic | Doctors of Chiropractic are physicians who give special attention to the physiological and biochemical aspects including structural, spinal, musculoskeletal, neurological, vascular, nutritional, emotional and environmental relationships. |
| Coccyx | – The region of the spine below the sacrum. It is also known as the tailbone. |
| Congenital | Present at and existing from the time of birth. |
| Disc (Intervertebral) | The tough, elastic structure that is between the bodies of spinal vertebrae. The disc consists of an outer annulus fibrosus enclosing an inner nucleus pulposus. |
| Distal | Situated away from the center of the body. |
| Facet | A posterior structure of a vertebra which articulates with a facet of an adjacent vertebra to form a facet joint that allows motion in the spinal column. Each vertebra has two superior and two inferior facets. |
| Fibromyalgia | is a complex, chronic, and disabling disorder that causes widespread pain and stiffness in the muscles, tendons and ligaments, along with unrefreshing sleep and fatigue. |
| Fibrosis | The replacement of normal tissue with scar tissue. |
| Herniated Disc | Extrusion of part of the nucleus pulposus material through a defect in the annulus fibrosus. |
| Iatrogenic | Occurring without known cause. Self~originated. |
| Iliac Crest | The large, prominent portion of the pelvic bone at the belt line of the body. |
| Immobilization | Limitation of motion or fixation of a body part usually to promote healing. |
| Inferior | Situated below or directed downward. |
| Joint | The junction or articulation of two or more bones that permits varying degrees of motion between the bones. |
| Kyphosis | An abnormal increase in the normal kyphotic curvature of the thoracic spine. |
| Lamina | An anatomical portion of a vertebra. For each vertebra, two lamina connect the pedicles to the spinous process as part of the neural arch. |
| Laminectomy | An operation for removal of part or all of the lamina of a vertebra, commonly performed in order to be able to remove an intervertebral disc protrusion or to decompress a nerve root. |
| Lateral | Situated away from the midline of the body. |
| Ligament | A band of flexible, fibrous connective tissue that is attached at the end of a bone near a joint. The main function of a ligament is to attach bones to one another, to provide stability of a joint, and to prevent or limit some joint motion. |
| Lordosis | An abnormal increase in the normal lordotic curvature of the lumbar spine. |
| Low Back Pain | Low back pain is an ache or discomfort in the area of the lower part of the back and spinal column. The lower spinal column consists of many small bones that surround and protect the spinal cord and nerves. Low back pain is very common, affecting most ad |
| Lumbago | A non~medical term signifying pain in the lumbar region. |
| Lumbar | The lower part of the spine between the thoracic region and the sacrum. The lumbar spine consists of five vertebrae. |
| Manipulable subluxation | A subluxation in which altered alignment, movement, and/or function can be improved by manual thrust procedures. |
| Medial | Situated closer to the midline of the body. |
| Nerve Root | The bony arch of the posterior aspect of a vertebra that surrounds the spinal cord, also referred to as the vertebral arch. |
| Nucleus Pulposus | The semi~gelatinous tissue in the center of an intervertebral disc. It is surrounded and contained by the annulus fibrosus which prevents this material from protruding outside the disc space. |
| Osteoporosis | A disorder in which bone is abnormally brittle, less dense, and is the result of a number of different diseases and abnormalities. |
| Pathology | The study of disease states. |
| Pedicle | The part of each side of the neural arch of a vertebra. It connects the lamina with the vertebral body |
| Pelvic Obliquity | Deviation of the pelvis from the horizontal in the frontal plane. Fixed pelvic obliquities can be attributed to contractures either above or below the pelvis. |
| Physical Therapy | The treatment consisting of exercising specific parts of the body such as the legs, arms, hands or neck, in an effort to strengthen, regain range of motion, relearn movement and/or rehabilitate the musculoskeletal system to improve function |
| Physiology | The science of the functioning of living organisms, and of their component systems or parts. |
| Posterior | Located behind a structure, such as relating to the back side of the human body. |
| Proximal | Nearest the center of the body. |
| Sacrum | A part of the spine that is also part of the pelvis. It articulates with the ilia at the sacroiliac joints and articulates with the lumbar spine at the lumbosacral joint. The sacrum consists of five fused vertebrae that have no intervertebral discs |
| Sagittal | Refers to a lengthwise cut that divides the body into right and left portions. |
| Sciatica | an irritation of the sciatic nerve that passes down the back of each thigh. The sciatic nerve arises from the lower spine on either side and travels deep in the pelvis to the lower buttocks. From there it passes along the back of each upper leg and divid |
| Scoliosis | Lateral (sideways) curvature of the spine. |
| Spinal Canal | The bony channel that is formed by the intravertebral foramen of the vertebrae and in which contains the spinal cord and nerve roots. |
| Spinal Cord | The longitudinal cord of nerve tissue that is enclosed in the spinal canal. It serves not only as a pathway for nervous impulses to and from the brain, but as a center for carrying out and coordinating many reflex actions independently of the brain |
| Spinal Stenosis | narrowing of the space called the spinal canal, which is located within the backbone. The spinal canal is a small space that holds the nerve roots and spinal cord; this space becomes smaller, it can squeeze the nerve and the spinal cord causing pain |
| Spondylosis | Degeneration of the disc spaces between the vertebrae. This finding in the spine is commonly associated with osteoarthritis. |
| Spondylolisthesis | A defect in the construct of bone between the superior and inferior facets with varying degrees of displacement so the vertebra with the defect and the spine above that vertebra are displaced forward in relationship to the vertebrae below |
| Subluxation | A motion segment in which alignment, movement integrity, and/or physiologic function are altered, although contact between joint surfaces remains intact. |
| Subluxation complex | A theoretical model of motion segment dysfunction (subluxation) that incorporates the complex interaction of pathologic changes in nerve, muscle, ligamentous, vascular, and connective tissue |
| Subluxation syndrome | An aggregate of signs and symptoms that relate to pathophysiology or dysfunction of spinal and pelvic motion segments or to peripheral joints. |
| Superior | Situated above or directed upward toward the head of an individual. |
| Tendon | The fibrous band of tissue that connects muscle to bone. It is mainly composed of collagen. |
| Thoracic | The chest level region of the spine that is located between the cervical and lumbar vertebrae. It consists of 12 vertebrae which serve as attachment points for ribs. |
| Transverse | Refers to a cut that divides the body into superior and inferior portions. |
| Vertebra | A cervical, thoracic, or lumbar vertebra has a cylindrically~shaped body anteriorly and a neural arch posteriorly (composed primarily of the laminae and pedicles as well as the other structures in the posterior aspect of the vertebra)protects spinal cord |
| Vertebrae | The plural of vertebra |
| Spondylolisthesis | It is usually due to a developmental defect or the result of a fracture |
Created by:
gacosta
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