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Brinkley APUSH ch.18

Ch. 18 us history Identifications

QuestionAnswer
Immigrant Ghettoes Ethnic communities, formed within cities; attempted to recreate features of the Old World
Reform Judaism Jewish sect; originated in Germany, effort to make Judaism less “foreign” to Christian majority
American Protective Association/ Immigration Restriction League APA: formed by Henry Bowers, committed to eliminating immigration, often employed conspiracy theories and xenophobia; IRL: founded by Harvard alums, wanted immigrant screening (literacy tests, etc.) to separate the “desirables from undesirables”
Frederick Law Olmstead Landscape designed; planned Central Park with Calvert Vaux
Columbian Exposition 1893 World’s Fair in Chicago; inspired the “city beautiful” movement
“Streetcar Suburbs” Neighborhoods built on the edges of a city (cheap land), linked to downtown by trains/streetcars/improved roads, wealthy and middle class
Tenement Late 19th century slum dwellings; often without windows, plumbing or central heat
Jacob Riis Newspaper reporter and photographer; How the Other Half Lives (1890) described tenement life; favored razing of slums (w/o replacements
Brooklyn Bridge Steel-cable suspension bridge, designed by John A. Roebling
Louis Sullivan Chicago architect; introduced functional elements to skyscrapers (large windows, sheer lines, limited ornamentation), taught Frank Lloyd Wright
Public Health Services 1912; prevention of occupational diseases (TB, anemia, CO2 poisoning), attempted to create factory health standards, little enforcement
Salvation Army 1879; charitable organization, focused on religious revivalism
William M. Tweed NYC Tammany Hall party boss; jailed due to excess in 1872
Sears Roebuck 1887; est. by Richard Sears, consumer goods catalog for rural areas
National Consumers League Formed in the 1890s by Florence Kelley, it attempted to reinforce the power of women as consumers to improve wages and working conditions for women.
World Series The very first one was in 1903 and the Boston Red Sox beat the Natl. League Pittsburgh Pirates
National College Athletic Association (NCAA) It revised the rules of football to make the game more honest and less violent.
James A. Naismith He invented basketball in 1891.
George M. Cohan The first great creator of musical comedies in the early twentieth century. He wrote the songs “Yankee Doodle Dandy”, “Over There”, and “You're a Grand Old Flag”
Irving Berlin Wrote 1,000 songs for the musical theater, two of them being “Alexander's Ragtime Band” and “God Bless America”.
Vaudeville A form of theater adapted from French models. It was the most popular urban entertainment in early 1900s.
D.W. Griffith Introduced some of the first productions with serious plots.
Scott Joplin A “Ragtime” composer whose music was published in the 1890s and became popular
William Randolph Hearst Head of the most powerful newspaper chain which in 1914 controlled 9 newspapers and 2 magazines.
“Yellow Journalism” Hearst and a competitor Joseph Pulitzer popularized it and it was a sensational, distinct of reported with bold graphics purposely designed to reach a mass audience.
Theodore Dreiser An influential writer that encouraged other writers to abandon the pretentious traditions of earlier times and turn to the harsh society of the present.
“Pragmatism” Basically modern society should rely on proven science and theories rather than religion and moral principles.
Carlisle School It's actually called the Carlisle Indian Industrial School and it's located in Pennsylvania. It isolated Indians from their tribes and tried to force them into assimilation. It failed because of a lack of funding, administration, and teaching.
“Land-grant” college There were 69 of these total. Among them were the state university systems of California, Illinois, Minnesota, and Wisconsin.
Created by: 6smartees
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