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Identifications chp6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cabinet | chief advisors of the president; positions include secretary of state, war, treasury, attorney general, interior, agriculture, commerce, labor, health and human services, housing and urban department, transportation, energy, education, homeland security |
| Alexander Hamilton | early federalist leader; secretary of treasury chosen by Washington |
| Protective Tariff | Congress passed this tax on imported goods to protect domestic business; brought in great amount of revenue for the federal government |
| Benjamin Bannecker | came up with the plan to build the state capital; made the first almanac of the U.S; astronomer; real name is Benjamin Bennaky |
| Whiskey Rebellion | small frontier farmers became angry because they produced much of the nations whisky. They attacked the tax collectors. Hamilton employed federal troops to put down the rebellion making it one of the most significant events in the early days of the nation |
| "loose construction" | greater federal powers are favored |
| Marbury vs.Madison | court case that established the power of the judicial review between William Marbury and James Madison after he didn’t grant marburys commission. No law was ever declared unconstitutional again. |
| Judicial review | the power of judges to declare a law unconstitutional |
| National Bank | proposed by Hamilton thinking that wealthy people would support the new government if they invested in the bank; would be funded by both the federal government and wealthy private investors |
| John Marshall | first chief supreme justice; voided the Marbury vs. Madison court case law unconstitutional |
| Orders in council | England's economic warfare; effect was impressments and war against Britain |
| Louisiana Purchase | land bought from France in 1803; U.S doubled in size; stretched from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains; Thomas Jefferson purchased the territory |
| Kentucky revolution | Democratic Republicans passed this to refuse to obey the Alien and Sedition Acts |
| Aaron Burr | democratic republican and running partner of Thomas Jefferson in the 1800 election |
| Bureaucracy | bureau of workers; people who run the government of the United States of America |
| Midnight Judges | most of the positions filled with federalists by Adams; last time in office |
| Blockade | sealing ports to prevent other ships from entering or leaving; 1000 ships were seized by Britain and France in 1807 |
| Embargo Act 1807 | Jefferson proposed to ban exporting goods to other countries; supposed to hurt Britain and other countries and force them to respect American neutrality, instead it hurt the American businesses. |
| Battle of New Orleans | etween the U.S and Britain during War of 1812; brief battle ending in an American victory and Britain withdrawing ; pushed Andrew Jackson's title of a hero |
| War Hawks | leaders that demanded war against Britain led by John Calhoun and Henry Clay |
| Excise tax | proposed by Alexander Hamilton; tax on goods produced within the country ; sales tax on whisky ; caused the Whisky Rebellion |
| Judiciary Act 1789 | Washington and Congress established a national court system- executive branch; allowed state court decisions to be appealed to a federal court when constitutional issues were raised. |
| Impressments | practice in which Britain forces seized American sailors and forced them to serve in the British Navy |
| Battle of Tippecanoe | Indiana, November 7, 1811, William Henry Harrison supporting the Americans defeated the Indians |
| Chesapeake Incident | group of confederates captured the USS Chesapeake northern ship to sell their cargo, attack merchant ship; had a serious effect on each colony |
| General Andrew Jackson | led American forces in Battle of New Orleans; later became president |
| Tecumseh | Shawnee chief who formed Native American confederation to fight Americans |
| treaty of Ghent | ended war of 1812 |
| Manifest Destiny | Proclaimed to the stars and from God beyond. Explicit; pertained to the revolution; comes from the God, it's up to you to keep it going |
| Continental System | Napoleon Bonaparte's economic warfare; France system that said you cant trade with me if you trade with them |
| Washington's farewell address | George Washington wrote this toward the end of his second term as president; he wanted America to stay neutral with the other countries, not make treaty with foreign areas. |
| Alien and Sedition Act | Federalists pushed through Congress these laws from acting on their fears of the Republicans; law made it harder to become a citizen and created harsh punishment for people to criticize the government; |
| Alien Acts | raised the residence requirement from American citizenship from five years to fourteen years, allowed president to deport or jail any alien or immigrant considered not a citizen. |
| Sedition Acts | set fine and jail terms, the federal governments prosecuted and jailed a number of Democratic Republican editors, publishers, and politicians; laws were declared as a violation of freedom of speech by the Democratic Republicans. |
| Strict Construction | federal government has limited powers |
| Old Iron sides | oldest commissioned ship still on active duty which was made out of white oak making it resilient |
| commodore Oliver Perry | known as the hero of Battle of Lake Eerie where U.S ships defeated British forces under Perry's command which became the turning point of the war; his letter to William Henry Harrison became famous |
| Sectionalism | placing the interests of one region over those of the nation as a whole |
| Nullification | principle that states could refuse to obey federal laws that they thought were unconstitutional |
| XYZ Affair | American anger over bribes demanded by French diplomats after France begun to interfere with American shipping |
| Virginia Resolution | law to refuse to obey the Alien and Sedition Acts |
| Lewis and Clarke | two leaders of an expedition to explore the Louisiana Purchase led a team of soldiers and adventurers; expedition showed that people could travel across the continent, paved the way for even greater settlement of the West |
Created by:
hcfrosh14
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