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BR Chem Ch5
Flashcards from chapter 5 of Berkley Review's chemistry book (2010)
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Neutralization | Mixing of equal mole portions of an acid with a base regardless of their concentration or strength |
Equivalence point | When you've added same number of moles as you had of the original acid/base |
Buffer | Roughly equal mole mixture of a weak acid and its weak conjugate base in aq solution. Resists change to pH |
Buffer range | 10:1 to 1:10 ratios (pKa +/- 1) |
Physiological pH | 7.4 |
Half equivalence point | pH = pKa |
Respiratory acidosis | Retention of CO2 (blood pH goes down) |
Respiratory alkalosis | Loss of CO2 (blood pH goes up) |
Metabolic acidosis | Loss of HCO3- so blood pH goes down |
Metaboli alkalosis | Loss of H3O+ so blood pH goes up |
Sigmoidal | shape of a titration curve |
Important polyprotic acids | Carbonic acid (H2CO3), phosphoric acid (H3PO4), and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) |
Litmus paper | Blue turns red under acidic conditions |
Choosing indicator | * Want pH = pKa +/-1 * approximation: pKa = (pKa_acid + pH_titrantbase)/2 |
pH at first equivalence point in diprotic acid | (pka1 + pka2)/2 |
Formula weight | Find molar mass and divide by number of equivalents |