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Social Studies1 Exam
Social Studies Fall Semester Exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a joint stock company? | A company (usually unincorporated) which has the capital of it's members pooled in a common fund; transferable shares represent ownership interest; shareholders are legally liable for all debts of the company. |
| What is an indentured servant? | An indentured servant was a worker, typically a laborer, under contract to an employer for a fixed period of time, typically three to seven years, in exchange for their transportation, food, clothing, lodging and other necessities. |
| What are Puritans? | A member of a group of English Protestants who in the 16th and 17th centuries thought that the Protestant Reformation under Elizabeth was incomplete and advocated the simplification and regulation of forms of worship. |
| Who is William Penn? | William Penn founded the Province of Pennsylvania, the British North American colony that became the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The democratic principles that he set forth served as an inspiration for the United States Constitution. |
| What is a charter? | A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. |
| What is the House of Burgesses? | The Virginia House of Burgesses was the elected lower house in the legislative assembly in the New World established in the Colony of Virginia in 1619. |
| What are the Fundemental Orders of Connecticut? | The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut were adopted by the Connecticut Colony council on January 14, 1638/39 OS (January 24, 1639 NS).[1][2] The orders describe the government set up by the Connecticut River towns, setting its structure and powers. |
| What is a Quaker? | Christians who did not want to submit to the authority of the Church of England. The group came to America. They were called the Quakers, they oppose war as well as the death penalty. |
| What and where is Jamestown? | The Jamestown Settlement Colony was the first successful English settlement on the mainland of North America.[1] Named for King James I of England, Jamestown was founded in the Colony of Virginia on May 14, 1607. |
| What are pilgrims? | The early settlers of the Plymouth Colony who left for the New World in early 17th century. |
| What is a Royal Colony? | Colonies established and directly ruled by Britain or by governors and members of the upper house appointed by England. |
| Who is John Smith? | John Smith settled Jamestown and controled the pilgrims. He also achieved help from the pilgrims. |
| What is the Mayflower Compact? | A signed agreement to ensure peace between the two groups carried by the Mayflower to America, and which was to serve as a foundation for the democratic structure of the settlers. |
| What is a proprietary colony? | A proprietary colony is a colony in which one or more private land owners retain rights that are normally the privilege of the state, and in all cases eventually became so. |
| Who is James Oglethorpe? | Founder and early leader of the colony of Georgia. |
| What is the backcountry? | A term used in the early days of the republic to refer to the wilderness and the supposed misfits who lived in the western settlements. |
| What is smuggling? | Secretly importing prohibited goods or goods on which duty is due. |
| What is an overseer? | A person, like a foreman or supervisor, who was responsible for the everyday management of all work activities on a plantation. |
| What is sunsistence farmering. | A type of farming where you only make enough to feed your family and trade the rest. |
| WHat is a cash crop? | A crop that generated a lot of money to a colony. |
| Where are the Appalachian Mountains? | The Appalachian Mountains, located in Eastern North America, extend 1600 north-south miles from Quebec to Georgia. |
| What is trianle trade? | A trade route that exchanged goods between the West Indies, the American colonies, and West Africa. |
| Define diversity. | The state or fact of being diverse; difference; unlikeness. |
| What are the navigation acts? | The English Navigation Acts were a series of laws which restricted the use of foreign shipping for trade between England (after 1707 Great Britain) and its colonies, which started in 1651. |
| What is indigo? | A blue dye obtained from plants that was a cash crop for the colonies. |
| What is the Great Awakening? | The Great Awakening is a religious movement across the colonies in 1976. |
| Who is Benjamin Franklin? | Benjamin Franklin was an inventor from France that did many things for America. |
| What is salutary neglet? | Salutary neglect was an undocumented, though long standing British policy of avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws, meant to keep the American colonies obedient to Great Britain. |
| What was the Albany Plan of Union? | The Alabany Plan was a plan written by Franklin in 1754 for all 13 colonies to unite and fight as one power to win the French and Indian War. It did not pass, however, because colonial legislators did not want to give up control of their own affairs. |
| What is the Proclamation of 1763? | ssued October 7 1763. Purpose of the Proclamation was to organize Britain's North American Empire and to stabilize relations with the Native Americans. |
| Who is Jonathan Edwards? | Jonathan Edwards played a major role in the Religious Awakening. |
| Who is John Locke? | John Locke was a major influence on the Great Enlightenment. |
| Who is John Peter Zenger? | John Peter Zenger printed the New York Weekly Journel and was sued because the newspaper was very ctical to the government. |
| Who is George Whitefield? | George Whitfield is a famous preacher that played a huge part in the Awakening. |
| What is the Magna Carta? | The Magna Carta was a set of rules that was the first form of government in the colonies. |
| What is the French and Indian War? | The French and Indian war was a war in North America between France and Britain (both aided by American Indian tribes); 1755-1760. |
| What is the Treaty of Paris 1763? | The Treaty of Paris 1763 was an agrrement sighned after the 7 years war. |
| What is Pontiac's Rebellion? | Pontiac's Rebellion happened when the French&Indian War came through with British win. The Indians didn't like helping the British and rebelled. |
| What was the Enlightenment? | The enlightment took place in the 18th centrery and was a spread of intellectual knowledge. |
| What is Parliament? | A parliamentary system is a system of government in which the ministers of the executive branch are drawn from the legislature and are accountable to that body, such that the executive and legislative branches are intertwined. |
| WHo is King George III? | King Geogre was in rule of ENgland when the colonies rebelled. |
| Define boycott. | A boycott is a protest by not using a product. |
| Who is Samual Adams? | Samual Adams played a big part in the colonies rebellion. |
| What is the Boston Tea Party? | The Boston Tea Party was a rebellion to the tea act in which the colonist dumped boxes of tea out of the ship. |
| What are Loyalist? | A loyalist is someone who is still loyal the England and the King. |
| Who is Benedict Arnold? | Benedict Arnold was a general in America till he turned to the british side. |
| What is the Quartering Act? | An act passed that said if a soldier needed a place to stay you would be required to give them a place to rest and food. |
| Who are the Sons of Liberty? | The sons of liberty are a group of people who got together to plan rebellions and boycots. |
| What is Boston Massacre? | The Boston Massacre is a rebellion that got out of hand and ended with three killed. |
| What are the Intolerable Acts? | A group of acts that where unfair to the colonist that ended in rebellion. |
| What is a Patriot? | A colonist that was against Great Britain. |
| Who is Thomas Jefferson? | Thohmas Jefferson was highly respected and was the core writter of the Declaration of Independence and a leader in the rebellion. |
| What is the Stamp Act? | The stamp act was a tax on all legal document such as newspaper, cards, and calenders. |
| What happened during the battle of Lexington and Concord? | April 19, 1775 in Boston the British came looking for weapons and Samual Addams and John Handcock. This marked the Beginning of the Revolution. |
| What is the 2nd Continental Congress? | The Second Continental Congress was a convention of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that met beginning on May 10, 1775, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, soon after warfare in the American Revolutionary War had begun. |
| What ia a bayonet? | A knife you attach to the end of a riffle for close combat. |
| Who is Lord Cornwallace? | A British General during the American Revolution. |
| What is the Treaty of Paris? | The Treaty of Paris, signed on September 3, 1783, ratified on January 14, 1784, and by the King on April 9, 1784 formally ended the American Revolutionary War between the Great Britain and the United States, which had rebelled against British rule. |
| What is a mercenary? | A professinal soiljer hired by a foriegn country. |
| What does it mean to desert? | To desert means to leave, or retreat, form a battle. |
| What is Guerrilla Fighting? | Guerrilla is a typer of fighting the follows a hit-and-run style. |
| What happened at Valley Forge? | Washington spent Winter 1777 and 1778 just outside of Phillidelphia. During these times many Soiljers left the army or dies from hunger and sickness. |
| What is strategy? | Strategy is a plan of action to achieve a goal. |
| What is a privateer? | A private boat loaned to the army to help fight in the Navy. |
| What happened at the Battle of Yorktown? | The Contentail Army surrounded General Cornwallace and forced surrender making this the end of the American Revolution. |
| Who is Marquis de Lafayette? | A french soiljer under George Washington who taught Guerrilla Fighting to the soiljers. |
| What happened during the Battle of Saratoga? | The battle of Saratoga was the turning point in the revolution where General Howe captured 6,000 soiljers and France became allies. |
| Who is John Paul Jones? | John Paul Jones is an American Navel commander in the Revolution. "Surrender, we haven't even begun to fight" |
| What were the seven motives for European Exploration? | Curosity, Wealth, Fame, National Pride, Religion, Forign Goods, Fast and Cheap Routes. |
| What where the motives for English colonization of North America? | God, Gold, and Glory |
| What is the signifance of the years 1607 and 1620? | 1607- Jamestown settled. 1620- The Pilgrims settle. |
| What is the importantance of the Magna Carta, House of Burgesss, Mayflower Compact, and Fundemental Orders of Connecticut? | They where all the first type of governments. |
| What were the economic reasons for the astablishment of the 13 colonies? | So England can control more land in the new World. |
| What where the social reasons for the establishment of the 13 colonies? | So that British can say that they own lots and lots of land? |
| How did England try to control the colonies and thier trade? | They began the Navigation Acts. |
| What is the significance of the triangular trade? | It made trade routes between the countries and bought lots of forign goods to the colonies. |
| Explain the reasons for the development of the plantation system? | Plantation grew when the colonies began getting slaves and farming. |
| What are the Major Geographical features of each colonial region? | New England: was not as fertile as other regions so many coonist had to fish for money. Middle: They had fertile soil and lots of grains. Southern: Close to water transportation. |
| What are the major economical activites for each region? | New Englnad: Fishing Middle: Farming Grains Southern: Farming crops and transporting them. |
| What was the Great Awakening? | A religious movement betwen the colonies that raised religious in the colonies. |
| What was the Enlightment? | The elightment was an amazing scientific movement in the colonies which bought us many great things such as Newton's laws and tellescopes. |
| What where the terms of the Treaty of Paris? | France gave to Great Britain Canada and all land east of Mississippi River except New Orleans. |
| How did Parliment try to limit the expansion of colonis in 1763? | By starting the the PRoclamation which stop expansion west. |
| Why was Britain taxing colonies? | So they can not only keep a tight hold over them but also so they could benifite from thier trades. |
| Why were the colonist upset by all the taxes being levied by the British? | They were upset because they thought that because they had no role in Parliment that they couldn't put thier input in. |
| What role did the Sons of Liberty play in protesting the various acts BRitain had? | They put together boycotts and protests. |
| How was the Boston Massacre used to show that England was being unreasonable? | It showed that they where being so unreasonable that things escalated to killings. |
| What was the main idea behind the Declaration of Independce? | That everyone should have equal and fair rights. |
| What's an example of unalienble right? | Life, Liberty, and the Persuit of Happiness. |
| What role did George Washington play in the American Revolution? | He was the comander and chief of the contentail army. |
| What were the conditions in Valley Forge? | It was a cold winter and the soiljers had little to no clothes. |
| How did the countries of Spain and France help the Americans? | Spain sent supplies and weapons while France loaned some of thier navy. |
| What where the advantages of the British during the war? | The British had no money, a better navy and army, more troops, more supplies, and 1/3 of colonist where loyalist. |
| What where the advantages of the Americans during the war? | The Americans had better leaders, knowledge of the land, a just cause,and a vast area to subdue. |
| What where the terms of the Treaty of Paris 1783? | Great BRitain formally reconized America's Independnce, Boundries where set North: Canada, West: Mississippi River, South: Spanish Florida. Each side would repay debts, and Americans can fish Canadian Border. |
| What where the streghts and weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation? | A strenght was that it bought the colonies together under one government, but the government was to weak to make any taxes and handle country problems. |
| What roles did Washington, Madison, Sherman, and Franklin have at the Constitutional Convention? | George Washington was the president. James Madison came up with the Virginia Plan. Roger Sherman came up with the New Jersey Plan, and Ben FRanklin was the peace maker. |
| Who were the leading Federalist and the leading Anti-Federalists? | Federlist: Madison, Hamilton, and John Jay. Anti-Federlist: |
| Why are the Federlist Papers significant? | Because they confinced people to ratify the constitution? |
| Why was the Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution? | So that New York and Virginia will sign, and so people will be confident that they will be able to keep thier rights. |
| Which Article of the Constitution discusses the power of the executive branch? | Artical two. |
| Which Article of the Constitution discusses the power of the Judicial Branch? | Artical three. |
| Which Article of the Constitution discusses the power of the Legislative Branch? | Article one. |
| What is the purpose of a veto? | So that one branch doesn't gain to much power. |
| Which Amendment list the five freedoms? | The first Amedment. |
| What are the five fredoms? | Religion, speech, press, assembly, petition. |
| Which Amendment was created due to the Quartering Act? | Third Amendment: Quartering Troops. |
| What amedment was made due to the British abuse of the Wrts of Assistance? | Forth Amendment: Search & Seizure. |
| What is a democracy? | A political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them. |
| What is a Republic? | A republic is a form of government in which the citizens choose their leaders and the people have an impact on its government. |
| What is Parliamentary Democracy? | A parliamentary system is a system of government in which the ministers of the executive branch are drawn from the legislature and are accountable to that body, such that the executive and legislative branches are intertwined. |
| What is a Dictatorship? | A dictatorship is defined as an autocratic form of government in which the government is ruled by an individual, the dictator. |
| What is Communism? | Communism is a social structure in which, theoretically, classes are abolished and property is commonly controlled, as well as a political philosophy and social movement that advocates and aims to create such a society. |
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