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Reform/chap. 11
Stack #51769
| Vocab | Description |
|---|---|
| antebellum period | before civil war, reform movements, jacksonian era and following decades |
| Second Great Awakening | religious revivals, against rationalism, counterattack against liberal views |
| Timothy Dwight | reverend, pres. of Yale, motivated generation of young men to become evangelical preachers |
| revivalism/ revival camp meetings | NY, emotions and fear in sermons/ dramatic preaching sessions, converted many |
| millenialism | widespread belief that the world was ending in 1844, 2nd coming of christ |
| Church of Latter-day saints, Mormons | religious group practiced polygamy, in the far western frontier |
| Joseph Smith | founder of the mormons, based his ideals off of the Book of Mormon |
| Brigham Young | after original leader was killed by a mob, he led Mormons |
| New Zion | the mormon religious community |
| romantic movement | in art and literature, stressed intuition and feelings |
| transcendentalists | questioned the doctrines of established churches and capitalistic habitss of the merchant class |
| ralph waldo emerson | one of the most popularamerican lecturers, expressed individualism |
| american scholar | by emerson, urged americans for their own culture, not that of the british |
| Henry David thoreau | conducted 2 yr experiment |
| Walden, On Civil Obedience | best known public book of thoreau/ essay about nonviolent protest, not oberying unjust laws, refusing to pay taxes for immoral wars |
| Brook Farm | community of people uner the transcendentalist ordeal |
| George Ripley | 1841, protestant minister to achieve a more natural union between intellectual and manual labor |
| feminists | advocates of womens rights |
| Margaret Fuller | feminist, a writer |
| Theodore Parker | theologian and radical reformer |
| utopian communities | ideal communities |
| Shakers | kept women and men strictly apart, forbidden marriage or sexual relations |
| robert owen, new harmony | founder/ utopian socialist community |
| joseph henry noyes | started a cooperative community |
| oneida community | NY, highly controversial, economic equality, shared property |
| charles fourier, phalanxes | french socialist |
| horace greeley | newspaper editor, less competitive society, share work and iving arrangements |
| George Caleb bingham | painter of the common ppl in various settings |
| william s. mount | popular painter for lively rural compositions |
| thomas cole and frederick church | empahsized heroic beauty thru American landscapes |
| Hudson river school | expressed the romantic age's fascination witht eh natural world |
| washington irving & james fenimore cooper | wirters using fiction with american settings |
| thomas gallaudet | founded a shcool for the deaf |
| nathaniel hawthorne | questionsed the intolerance and conformity of American life |
| temperance | movement persuading drinkers to use moderation and abstinency |
| American temperance society | 1826, founded by protestant ministers concerned with the high rate of alcohol consumption |
| Washingtonians | another society, argued alcoholism was a disease that required practical, helpful treatment |
| Womens christian temperance union | gave storng support for temperance in the late 1870's |
| asylum movement | reforms for prisons, mental hospitals, and poorhouses |
| Dorothea dix | former schoolteach from mass. dedicate the rest of her life to improving the conditions in insane asylums |
| samuel gridley howe | founded a school for the blind |
| penitentiaries | new prisons in pennsylvania |
| auburn system | NY, enforced rigid rules of discipline with moral instruction programs |
| horace mann | leading advocate of the pulbic school movement |
| public school movement | establishing free public schools for children of all classes |
| Mcguffey readers | extolled the virtues of hardwork, punctuality and sobriety |
| womens rights movement | reform originated from secondary roles and prevention of their participation in issues |
| sarah and angelina grimke | objected to male opposition to their antislavery activities, wrote, "letter on..." |
| Letter on the condition of women and the equality of sexes | 1837, protested male opposition to womens antislavery activities |
| Lucretia mott & elizabeth cady stanton | reformers campaigning for womens rights after being barred form speaking at an antislavery convention |
| Seneca Falls convention | 1848, leading feminists met, issued Declaration of sentiments, document, modeled after the dec. of independence |
| Susan B Anthony | led campaign for equal voting and property rights for women, with stanton |
| AMerican colonization society | 1817, wanted to transport slaves to an african colony |
| american antislavery society | 1833, founded by garrison and others |
| abolitionism | anti slavery |
| william lloyd garrison, the liberator | advocate of abolition, published newspaper |
| liberty party | 1840, ran James birney, their one campaign was antislavery |
| frederick douglas, the north star | former slave, spoke against slavery, 1847, started the antislavery journal |
| Harriet tubman, sojourner truth, william still | black leaders that helped organize the effort to assist fugitive slaves to escape to free territory in the north |
| David Walker and Henry Highland Garnet | 2 northern blacks who adovcated radical solutions, encouraged revolts |
| Nat turner | VA slave, 1831, led a revolt, 55 whites killed |
| American peace society | 1828, wanted to abolish war, influenced some to oppose mexican war |
| sylvester graham | made graham crackers which were promoted to improve digestion |
| amelia bloomer | made pantalettes, worn instead of long skirts |
Created by:
emmamalo
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