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8th us history's
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| when was Jamestown founded? | 1607 |
| What year was plymouth founded? | 1620 |
| What was the historical sucnicafince of the Virginia House of Burgeses? | it was the 1st representative assembly |
| businsess in which investors pool their wealth in order to turn a profit | joint stock company |
| a written contract issued by government giving the holder the right to establish a colony | charter |
| the first permanent English settlement in North America | Jamestown |
| soldier and adventure that took control of Jamestown | John Smith |
| a person who sold his or her labor in exchange for passage to America | indentured servant |
| created in 1662, the first representative assembly in the American colonies | House of Bugesses |
| members of a the group that rejected the Church of England,sailed to America,and founded the Plymouth Colony in 1620 | pilgrims |
| an agreement established by men who sailed to America on the Mayflower, which called for the laws for the good of the colony and set forth the idea of self-government | Mayflower Compact |
| members of a group from England that settled the Massachusetts Bay Clonony in 1630 and sought to reform the practices of the Church of England | Puritains |
| set of laws that were established in 1639 by a Puritain congregation who had settled in the connecticut Valley and that expanded the idea of representative govvernment | Fundamental Orders of Connecticut |
| colony with a single owner | proprietary colony |
| founder of the Pennsylvania colony | William Penn |
| person who believed all people should live in peace and harmony;accept different religions and ethnic groups | Quaker |
| a colony ruled by govenors appointed by the king | Royal Colony |
| this British general was the founder of the colony of Georgia | James Oglethorpe |
| What were the seven motives for European exploration of North America? | religion, wealth, glory, curiocity, fame, national pride, forein goods, and faster, cheaper trade routes |
| What were the motives for English colonization of North America? | to get land and to be closer to the compotition |
| What is the significance of the years 1607 and 1620? | 1607 was when Jamestown was founded. 1620 was when Plymouth was founded |
| What is the importance of the Magna Carta, House of Burgesses, Mayflower Compact, and Fundamental Orders of Connecticut? | they all helped with what people thought was |
| ran along Appalation Mountains through far western part ot other regions | backcountry |
| farming that produces just enough food for your family and sometimes a little to trade | subsistance farming |
| name of tradding route that had 3 stops | triangle trade |
| series of laws passed by parliament, to ensure that England made money from its colonies | navagation acts |
| importing or exporting goods ilegally | smuggling |
| crop raised to de sold for money | cash crop |
| the variety of people | divercity |
| plant that yeilds a deep blue dye | indigo |
| men hired by planters to watch over and direct the work of slaves | overseer |
| mountain range running from Alabama into Canada | Appalation Mountains |
| What were the economic reasons for the establishment of the 13 colonies? | get more land |
| What were the social reasons for the establishment of the 13 colonies? | be in the compotition for the New World |
| How did England try to control the colonies and their trade? | through the navagation acts |
| What was the signifigance of the triangle trade? | continuous trading route with 3 stops |
| Explain the reasons for the development of the plantation system? | THe reason behind the plantation system is to hav a beter way to raise and sell cash crops. |
| Describe the the major geografical features for each colonial region. | New England was the sea Middle was the mountains Souther was the hills |
| Describe the the major economic activities for each colonial region. | New Englang was the sea the middle was farming grain and other cash crops southern was cash crops on plantations |
| relogouse movement throughout the colonies | Great Awakening |
| best known preacher for the Great Awakening | Jonathan Edwards |
| raised money for charities | George Whitfield |
| emphasized reason and science as the paths to knowledge | Enlightment |
| famous Enlightnment figure | Ben Frankliln |
| said people are born with natural rights | John Locke |
| document guarenteeing basic political rights in England | Magna carta |
| England's chief lawmaking body | Parliament |
| hands off policy | salutary neglect |
| wrote negatively about the Britain government | John Peter Zenger |
| conflict in North America between France and Britain in 1754 to 1763 | French and Indain War |
| first formal proposal to unite the American colonies | Albany Plan of Union |
| treaty that ended the French and Indian War in which Britain gained all of North America | Treaty of Paris 1763 |
| Order in which Britain prohibited its American colonists from sailing West of the Applachian Mountains | Proclamation of 1763 |
| revolt against British forts and American settlers in 1763 in respons to settler's claims to Native American lands and harsh treatment from British soldiers | Pontiac's Rebellion |
| What was the Great Awakening and what was its impact on the American colonies? | it was a religous movement;its impact was people became more religous |
| What was the Enlightenment and what was its impact on the American colonies? | it emphasized reason and science as the paths to knowledge ; the impact was people began to think more |
| What was the Albany Plan? Whose idea was it | it was the first formal proposal to unite the American colonies; Ben Franklin 's idea |
| What were the terms of the Treaty of Paris 1763? | Britian got all the land east of Mississippi and to the west was Spain |
| How did Parliarment try to limit the exspansion of the colonies in 1763? | by the Proclamation of 1763 |
| was king juring the time of all the acts | King George the 3rd |
| required colonies to house and supply British soldiers | Quartering Act |
| required all legal documents to have an official stamp showing that a tax was payed | Stamp Act |
| member of Virginia House of Burgesses | Patrick Henry |
| refusal to buy goods | boycott |
| colonists most effected by stamp act that protested | Sons of LIberty |
| suspended assemblies and established taxes on goods brought into the colonies | Townshend Acts |
| search warrant that allowed British soldiers to enter colonial houses or businesses to search for smuggled goods | writs of assistance |
| leader of Boston Sons of Liberty | Samuel Adams |
| clash between Boston colonists and British soldiers in 1770, which 5 colonists were killed | Boston Massacure |
| group of people in the colonies who exchanged letters on colonial affairs | committee of correspondence |
| dumoing of 342 chests of tea into Boston Harbor by colonists to protest the Tea Act | Boston Tea Party |
| series of laws passed by Parliament to punish Massachucetts colonists for Boston Tea Party | Intolerable Acts |
| meeting of delagates from all colonies except Georgia to uphold colonial rights | 1st Continental Congress |
| 2nd messanger to warn colonists the British were coming to Lexington And Concord | Paul Revere |
| person still loyal to England | Loyalist |
| those who sided with the rebels | Patriot |
| in Massachusetts ; the 1st battles of the American Revolution | Lexington and Concord |
| governing boby whose delagates agreed to form the continental army and to approve the Declaration of Independance | 2nd Continental Congress |
| a leader of expedition to draw Canadians to the Patriot camp | Benedict Arnold |
| author of the Declaration of Independance | Thomas Jefferson |
| document in which the colonists declared their independance from Britian | Declaration of Independance |
| Why was Britian taxing the colonies? | to gain money to pay off debt from French and Indian War |
| Why were the colonists upset by all the taxes being levied by the British? | they didn't have any say in Parliament |
| What role did the Sons of LIberty play in protesting the various acts Britian passed? | they did most of the protesting |
| What was the 1st Continental Congress and what did it accomplish? | it was a meeting of delagates from all colonies except Georgia to uphold colonial rights and it accomplished being the first time the states got to gether in a meeting for the colonies |
| How was the Boston Massacure Massacure used to show that England was being unreasonablle? | it showed that the British soldiers fired on unarmed colonists |
| what was the main idea behind the Declaration of Independance? | to formally break free from England |
| Give an example of an unalienable right? | life |
| commander of Continental Army | George Washington |
| professional soldier hired to fight for foreign country | mercenary |
| an overall plan of action | strategy |
| seiries of conflicts between British soldiers and the Continental Army that proved to be the turning point in the American Revolution | Battle of Saratoga |
| long knife attached to the end of a gun | bayonet |
| to leave military | desert |
| a privatly owned ship that has governments permission during wartime to attack an enemy's merchant ships | privateer |
| won battles at the sea | John Paul Jones |
| British General that was often going after | Lord Cornwallis |
| small bands of fighters who weaken the enemy with surprise raids and hit-run-hit attacks | guerrilla |
| American and French troops bombarded Yorktown with cannon fire | Battle of Yorktown |
| treaty that ended the Revolutionary War, confirming the independance of the United Sates and setting the bountries of the new nation | Treaty of Paris 1783 |
| village in southeast Pennsylvannia and site of Washington's army camp during the winter of 1777-1778 | Valley Forge |
| 19 year-old French nobleman who volentered to serve Washington's army | Marqueuis de Lafayette |
| What role did George Washington play in the American Revolution? | he was the commander of the Continental Army |
| What were the conditions like at Valle Forge? | cold, no food, barely any warmth, dieases, and death |
| How did the countries of Spain and France help with the Americans? | after the battle of Saratoga, they started to give them supplies |
| What were the advantages of the British during the war? | more people, more funding, more exsperiance |
| What were the advantages of the Americans during the war? | knowledge of the land, more motivation |
| What were the terms of the treaty of Paris 1783? | that Britian was to reconize the United Sates being independant, the boundries, US had right to fish in Canadian waters,and each side would repay its debt |
| a document, adopted by the Continental Congress, that outlined the form of government of the new United States | Articles of Confederation |
| plan for surveging and selling the federally owned land | Land Ordiance of 1785 |
| territory covered by the Land Ordiance of 1785 | Northwest Territory |
| described how the Northwest Territory was to be govern and set solutions for settlement settlers and settler's rights | Northwest Ordinance of 1787 |
| an uprising of debtridden Massachusetts farmers in 1787 | Shay's Rebellion |
| meeting held in Philadelphia to consider changes in the Articles of Confederation | Constitutional Convention |
| often called father of the Constitution; was one of the most ablest delagates | James Madison |
| propsed a government with 3 branches and a two-hosed legistalure in which representatives would be based on state's population or wealth | Virginia Plan |
| plan of government that called for a one-housed legislature in which each state would have equal vote | New Jersey Plan |
| Constitutional Convention's agreement to establish a two-house legislature, with al stateshaving equal representation in one house and each state having representatives based on population in other house | Great Compromise |
| Constitutional Convention's agreement to court 3/5 of a state's slave population for purposes of representatives and and taxation | Three-Fifths Comprmise |
| supporter of the Constitution | Federalists |
| person opposed of ratification of the U.S. Constitution | Anti-Federalists |
| series of essays explaing and defining the Constitution | The Federalist Papers |
| most influential Virginian besides Washington ; was Anti-Federalist | George Mason |
| 1st ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution and consistening of formal list of citizen's rights | Bill of Rights |
| What were the strengths and weeknesses of the Articles of Confederation? | it helped country through a hard time/ government couldn't tax |
| Explain what the Land Ordiance of 1785 and Northwest Ordinance of 1787 did and why they were important to the future of the nation? | they organized how a territory was to be govern/they are now how lands can become states |
| What roles did Washington, James Madison, Rodger Sherman, and Ben Franklin have at the Constitutional Convention? | they all were federalists |
| Who were the leading Federalists and the leading Anti-Federalists? | James Madison,Thomas Jefferson,John lay, Alexander Hamilton/George Mason, Patrick Henry, |
| Why are the Federalist Papers significant? | they helped people lean more towards being a Federalist |
| Why was the Bill of Rights added to the Constitution? | to ensure that people gets rights the government can't take away |
| government in which people rule | Popular Sovereinty |
| exercise power by voting | Republicism |
| poer shared between states and national government | Federalism |
| no 1 branch has all the power | Separation of Powers |
| each branch relies on one another to preform the work of government | Checks and Balances |
| requires all citizens,even government, to obey the law | Limited Government |
| personal liberties and privaledges; Bill of Rights protect them | Individual Rights |
| the begining of douments | Preamble |
| Which article of the Constitution discusses the power of the executive branch? | article 2 |
| Which article of the Constitution discusses the power of the judicial branch? | article 3 |
| Which article of the Constitution discusses the power of the legislative branch? | article 1 |
| What is the purpose of a veto? | to be sure that the bill is worth becoming a law |
| Which amendment defines the five freedoms? list lose 5. | the 1st amendment 1.freedom of religion 2. freedom of speech 3.Freedom of the press 4. freedom of Assembly 5.freedom of petition |
| Which amendment was created due to the Quartering Act? | 3rd amendment |
| THe abuse of writs of assistance by the British led to which amendment? | the 4th amendment |
| government in which the people rule | Democracy |
| government in which people elect representatives to govern them | Republic |
| government headed gy an elected legislature | Parliamentary democracy |
| the person in charge is determined by who's in the royal family | Absolute, cermonial and constitutional monarchies |
| dictator hols all the power | Dictatorship |
| small gruop of people totally control everything | Communism |
| The significance of 1754 is... | The French and Indian War |
| This treaty ended the the French and Indian War. | Treaty of Paris 1763 |
| in 1770 this shooting happened in Boston? | Boston Massacure |
| In 1773, the dumping of tea into the Boston harbor due to rebel was called what? | Boston Tea Party |
| when was the 2nd Continental Congress | in 1775 |
| 1776 was when this happened? | Declaration of Independance |
| what happened in 1777 that was the turning point of the American Revolution? | the Battle of Saratoga |
| This treaty ended the American Revolution? | Treaty of Paris 1783 |
| when was the Constitutional Convention held? | Constitutional Convention |
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