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Unit Five AP US
Mrs. Grieve's Unit Five (Reconstruction) APUSH
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Reconstruction | term for the period from 1863-1877 when the major issues concerning the conquered South were addressed |
| Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction | Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction; also known as the Ten Percent Plan |
| Wade-Davis Bill | Congress’ original plan for Reconstruction |
| Freedmen’s Bureau | welfare agency for those made destitute in war (mainly freed slaves and homeless whites) |
| Oliver Howard | leader of the Freedmen’s Bureau |
| Andrew Johnson | took over presidency upon Lincoln’s assassination |
| Presidential Reconstruction | term for Johnson’s plan for Reconstruction |
| Black Codes | various laws in South after the Civil War that denied blacks their civil rights |
| “Radical Reconstruction” | phase of Reconstruction that was controlled by Congress, which was dominated at the time by the “radical” Republicans |
| Charles Sumner | radical Republican from Massachusetts |
| Thaddeus Stevens | radical Republican from Pennsylvania |
| Civil Rights Act of 1866 | law that said all African-Americans were legal citizens and said Black Codes were illegal |
| Fourteenth Amendment | among other things, it obligated states to respect rights of citizens by providing “equal protection of the laws” and “due process” |
| Reconstruction Acts of 1867 | divided South into military districts, ordered writing of new state constitutions in the South and enfranchised all males over 21 |
| Tenure of Office Act | prohibited President from removing federal officials without Congressional approval – Johnson broke this and was impeached |
| impeach | to charge a federal official like the President with a crime |
| Fifteenth Amendment | prohibited any state from denying a citizen’s right to vote based upon, “race, color, or previous condition of servitude” |
| Civil Rights Act of 1875 | law that guaranteed equal accommodations in public places (hotels, railroads, theaters) and prohibited exclusion of blacks from juries |
| scalawags | term used for southern Republicans |
| carpetbaggers | term used for northern Republicans who came to the South during Reconstruction |
| Hiram Revels | first black senator; from Mississippi |
| Sharecropping | southern economic system in which landlord (white) provided seed and tools while poor farmer (black) gave landlord 50% of harvest as rent |
| Ku Klux Klan | main group that terrorized and intimidated blacks and white Republicans; implemented the Mississippi Plan |
| Force Acts of 1870 and 1871 | Congressional laws under President Grant that crushed the KKK power in the South |
| Compromise of 1877 | officially ended Reconstruction; Hayes and Republicans agreed that US troops would be withdrawn from the South, agreed to appoint a Southerner to the Cabinet |
Created by:
bjgrieve
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