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USHY Ch8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. What did the supporters of the Constitution call themselves? | Federalists |
| 2. Explain the imbalance of trade between Britain and the US. | Balance of trade favorable only to Britain. Many Br West Indies ports were closed to American merchants. Some would only let goods in on British ships(costly. USgov't-no power to tax(tariff)so British goods flooded US markets - cheaper. |
| 2a. Where did the US look to find new markets when the British closed their ports? | France, Netherlands, and China |
| 3. What are the Federalist Papers? | A series of essays written annonymously. that gave reasons to support the new Constitution. |
| 4. Explain the 3/5 Compromise. | 3/5 of slave population in southern states counted in the population for representative numbers in the lower House of Representatives. |
| 5. Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights - how are these documents alike? | They limited the powers of the monarch. |
| 6. What are the Articles of Confederation? | The first constitution of the new US. |
| 6a. What was the major weakness of the Articlels of Confederation? | It created a central government with limited powers and no president. It created a weak central/national government. |
| 7. What were the fears of the Antifederalists? | Patrick Henry - feared there was an insufficient checks and balances on federal government that existed. |
| 8. The framers of the Constitution were careful NOT to do what? | NOT to give governors more power than any one representative., |
| 9. Why was a Bill of Rights included in the Constitution? | Some states would not ratify the Consstitution without a Bill of Rights. |
| 10. Why did some states feel that a federal bill of rights was necessary? | To ensure all people had basic rights - even though some states already promised them under their state constitution(not included in all states' constitutions). |
| 11. Under the constitution, each state is under what authority? | The authority of the federal government laws are OVER state laws |
| 12. Explain the word "republic." | A type of government in which representatives are elected by the people, |
| 13. What is interstate commerce? | Trade between two or more states |
| 14. What is federalism? | The sharing of governmental power between a central authority and the states or provinces that make up a country. |
| 15. In 1784 the British forced this on American merchants. | A trade imbalance which led the US to look for new markets. |
| 16. List American models for representative government. | A. New England Town Meeting and Virginia House of Burgesses - examples of self government. B. Mayflower Compact, Fundamental Orders of Connecticut - examples of self-government documents. |
| 17. Why did northern delegtes to the Constitutional Convention agree to let the slave trade continue for another 20 years? | The southern delegates threatened to withdraw from the Union if slavery was immediately banned. |
| 18. Why did the new government need the support of virginia? | Virginia had the largest population in the nation. |
| 19. Explain what happened in 1784 in the lower Mississippi to Americans? | Spain closed shipping to the US (Miss River) and the new government under the Articles of Confederation could do nothing about it. |
| 20. What was the New Jersey Plan? | Small states sovereignty - unicameral legislature - each state has an equal number of votes. (Becomes the senate) |
| 21. What authority did Congress have under the Articles of Confederation? | One vote from each state. |
| 22. By 1787 all state constitutions ___. | Created a limited government |
| 23. What did the southern delegates threaten to do if the Constitution banned slave trade? | To withdraw from the Union. |
| 24. What does checks and balances mean when applied to government? | It is a system that prevents any branch of government from becoming too powerful. |
| 25.What was the result of individual states issuing too much paper money? | INFLATION - |
| 26. The ablilty of the Constitution to fit the needs of a changing nation is exemplified by its ___. | Bill of Rights and other amendments. |
| 27. Which state did John Jay and Alexander Hamilton fight for ratificaion of the constitution? | New York |
| 28. After 1788, states had no control over ___. | issuing legal currency |
| 29. What was the original purpose of the 1787 Constitutional Convention? | To discuss revising the Articles of Confederation. |
| 30. Why did some Federalists believe that the Constitution was itself a bill of rights? | Because it was written to ensure liberty for all citizens |
| 31. Who wrote the Federalist Papers? | Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, John Jay; they wrote under annonymous(false)names. |
| 31a. What did the authors of the Federalist Papers argue for? | They argued that the people should not fear the power of the central government because the interests of its citizens were so diverse that no one group could ever gain too much power. |
| 32. Describe how the Constitution organized and balanced the branches of the federal government. | Federal Government organized under 3 branches: *legislative (Congress)- Senate and House of Representtives *Executive:President and government administrative dept. *Judicial: Supreme Court and all national courts |
| 33. What issues were resolved by the Great Compromise? | The New jersey Plan and the Virginia Plan became the Great Compromise - Upper House (senate) each state had equal number of votes. Lower house (House of Rep)-each state's number of representatives is based on population. |
| 34. Explain the basis for Antifederalists' fears that the government would "fall into the hands of a few and the great." How does the Constitution address these fears? | Many antifeds felt that federal system gave too much power to national level. Constitut. also reserves certain powers for states/the people/provides protection of rights and can be amended as needed. |
| 35. Why did the Confederation Congress sell the nation's western lands? | To raise revenue(money)because its ability to obtain money from the states was limited. (Articles of Confederation) |
| 36. How did Congress organize the sale of these western lands? | Land Ordinance of 1785-organized surveys and the division of western lands. The surveys divided the lands ito townships of 36 sq mi.which in turn are divided into 36 lots of 640 acres each. |
| 37. In Congress's first session after the ratification of the Constitution, James Madison encouraged the legislators to ___. | put together a bill of rights. |
| 38. Why did some people believe a bill of rights needed to be added? | Many antifed. feared the Constitution did NOT protect individual liberties - gov't would abuse its power at expense of citizens/states.Many states ratified it because they believed bill of rights would be added. |
| 39. Depression | a period of low economnic activity and high unemployment |
| 40. Debtors | to owe money |
| 41. Tariffs | taxes on imports and exports |
| 42. Constitution | A set of basic principles and laws that determine the powers and duties of government. |
| 43. Checks and Balances | a system to prevent any branch of government from becoming too powerful |
| 44. Suffrage | voting rights |
| 45. Creditor | to lend money |
| 46. Ratification | a formal approval |
| 47. First 10 Amendments | the Bill of Rights |
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dennamorris
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