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VA US History 1865+

US History 1865 to Present (6th Grade)

Question	Answer
What states makeup the Northeast?	Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania
What states makeup the Southeast?	Maryland, Delaware, West Virginia, Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas
What states makeup the Midwest?	Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, South Dakota, North Dakota
What states makeup the Southwest?	Texas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Arizona
What states makeup the Rocky Mountains?	Colorado, Utah, Nevada, Montana, Wyoming, Idaho
What states makeup the Pacific?	Washington, Oregon, California
Invention or adaptation which improved life on the Great Plains?	Barbed wire, steel plow, and windmill
Pittsburgh is best known for which industry?	Steel industry
The steel plow is to farming as barbed wire is to	Ranching
The land of the Great Plains can be described as	flat lands rising gradually east to west
What physical feature made the Great Plains ideal for cattle farming?	open grasslands
The two states in the Noncontiguous region are	Alaska and Hawaii
Why did manufacturing areas develop near cities in the Northeast and Midwest?	To be near the consumers
Automobile manufacturing developed in	Detroit
Describe the legacy of Abraham Lincoln	Made a Reconstruction plan calling for reconciliation, and said that preservation of the Union was more important than punishing the South
Describe the legacy of Robert E. Lee,	Urged Southerners to reconcile with Northerners at the end of the war and reunite as Americans when some wanted to continue to fight, and became president of Washington College, which is now known as Washington and Lee University
Describe the legacy Frederick Douglass	Fought for adoption of constitutional amendments that guaranteed voting rights, and was a powerful voice for human rights and civil liberties for all
Reconstruction ended in _____ as a result of _______________, and Federal Troups were removed from the _________.	1877, a compromise over the outcome of the election of 1876, South
As a result of Reconstruction, the rights that African Americans had gained were lost through the _____ ______ _____.	Jim Crow laws.
The Freedmen’s Bureau was established to aid	former enslaved African Americans in the South
Define racial segregation	it was based upon race, it was directed primarily against African Americans, but other groups also were kept segregated. American Indians were not considered citizens until 1924.
Describe the Jim Crow laws	Passed to discriminate against African Americans. Made discrimination practices legal in many communities and states, were characterized by unequal opportunities in housing, work, education, and government
African American responses to Jim Crow laws	Booker T. Washington: Believed equality could be achieved through vocational education; accepted social separation. W.E.B. DuBois: Believed in full political, civil, and social rights for African Americans
Reasons for increased westward expansion following the Civil War:	Opportunities for land ownership, Technological advances, including the Transcontinental Railroad. Possibility of obtaining wealth, created by the discovery of gold and silver. Desire for adventure, & new beginning for former enslaved African Americans.
Reasons for the increase in immigration after the Civil War	Hope for better opportunities, Desire for religious freedom, Escape from oppressive government, Desire for adventure
New inventions that contributed to great change and industrial growth: Electric lighting and mechanical uses of electricity	Thomas Edison
New inventions that contributed to great change and industrial growth: Telephone service	Alexander Graham Bell
Explain the reasons for the rise and prosperity of big business after the Civil War	National markets created by transportation advances, Captains of industry (John D. Rockefeller, oil; Andrew Carnegie, steel; Cornelius Vanderbilt, shipping and railroads, Advertising, Lower-cost production
Factors that resulted in growth of industry	Access to raw materials and energy, Availability of work force due to immigration, New inventions, Financial resources
Name the post civil war changes in farm and city life	Mechanization (the reaper) reduced farm labor needs and increased production. Industrial development in cities created increased labor needs. Industrialization provided new access to consumer goods (mail order).
What were the negative effects of industrialization after the Civil War?	Child labor, Low wages, long hours, Unsafe working conditions
What were the outcomes of the rise of organized labor post Civil War?	Formation of unions: Growth of American Federation of Labor, and Aftermath of Homestead Strike
What were the effects of Progressive Movement workplace reforms	Improved safety conditions, Reduced work hours, Placed restrictions on child labor
Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton worked for	Women's sufferage
Women gained the right to vote with passage of what?	The 19th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States of America.
What was the temperance movement?	Groups of people who opposed the making and consuming of alcohol, Supported the 18th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States, prohibiting the manufacture, sale, and transport of alcoholic beverages
Name three men who were known as the "captains of industry"?	John D. Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, and Cornelius Vanderbilt
The first women’s rights convention was held in Seneca Falls, New York, in 1848. What was the impact of the Women's Progressive Movement?	Women gained increased educational opportunities. Women attained voting rights (women’s suffrage). The 19th Amendment to the United States Constitution was passed. Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton worked for women’s suffrage.
Which were reasons for immigration to America during the late 1800s and early 1900s?	Economic opportunity and political freedom
What were the problems cities faced during industrialization	increase in crime, scarcity of housing, and increase in outbreaks of diseases.
Which labor union was founded by Samuel Gompers in the early part of the twentieth century?	American Federation of Labor
Who became the leader of the steel industry in the United States during the late 1800s and early 1900s?	Andrew Carnegie
Who was best known as a leader of the women’s rights movement?	Susan B. Anthony
Women gained the right to vote with the passage of which amendment?	19th Amendment
After landing at Ellis Island, newly arrived immigrants had to	Take a health test
Steel manufacturing was located in which region of the United States?	Northeast
Which city was the center of the meat packing industry?	Chicago
Chief Joseph led the Nez Percé Indians toward Canada, but he finally decided he must	surrender to the army
What were the reasons for the Spanish American War	Protection of U.S. business in Cuba. U.S. support of Cuban rebels to gain independence from Spainish. Rising tensions between Spain and the U. S. as a result of the sinking of the USS Maine in Havana Harbor. Exaggerated news reports of events.
What were the results of the Spanish American War:	The U. S. emerged as a world power. Cuba gained independence from Spain. The U. S. gained possession of the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico.
Explain the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine	Asserted the United States’ right to interfere in the economic matters of other nations in the Americas. Claimed the United States’ right to exercise international police power. Advocated Big Stick Diplomacy (building the Panama Canal)
reasons for the United States’ involvement in World War I	Inability to remain neutral. German unrestricted submarine warfare: Sinking of the Lusitania. United States economic and political ties to Great Britain. The Zimmermann Telegram
Identify the major Allied Powers during World War I:	British Empire, France, Russia, Serbia, Belgium, and The United States
Identify the Central Powers during World War I:	German Empire, Austro-Hungarian Empire, Bulgaria, and Ottoman Empire
The United States’ involvement in ________ ended a long tradition of _____________________________________ and set the stage for the United States to _____________________________.	World War I, avoiding involvement in European conflicts, emerge as a global superpower later in the twentieth century.
• At the end of World War I, President Woodrow Wilson prepared a peace plan known as _________________________ that called for the formation of the ___________________, a peacekeeping organization.	the Fourteen Points, the League of Nations
• The United States decided not to join the League of Nations because the United States Senate	failed to ratify the Treaty of Versailles.
The sensationalising and distorting of stories with misleading images for the sole purpose of boosting newspaper sales and exciting public opinion is referred to as	yellow journalism
What were the reasons the United States was interested in Cuba before the Spanish American War	Concerned about protection of American business interests in Cuba, specifically sugar production. Also concerned about abuse of human rights by the Spanish in Cuba. U. S. supported Cuban rebels trying to gain Cuban independence from Spain.
Which was the main goal of the United States during the Spanish American War?	To free Cuba from Spain
Which territory did the United States NOT acquire as a result of the Spanish American War?	Cuba
The immediate cause of World War I was the	assassination of Archduke Ferdinand
Which were the leading Allied Powers at the start of WWI?	Britain, France, and Russia
Name the reasons the United States entered WWI?	German use of unrestricted submarine warfare; Sinking of the Lusitania; and Discovery of the Zimmermann Telegram.
When WWI broke out in Europe, the United States adopted a policy of	isolationism
President Wilson hoped that the League of Nations would	enable nations to solve their conflicts without going to war
During WWI, what strategy did Great Britain and Germany use in an attempt to cut off each other’s trade?	Blockade
A hero of the Spanish American War who later became president of the United States was	Theodore Roosevelt
Improved transportation brought about by affordable automobiles in the early 20th Century lead to	Greater mobility, Creation of jobs, and Growth of transportation-related industries (road construction, oil, steel, automobile) •Movement to suburban areas
Describe the ways electricity changed American life:	Labor-saving products (e.g., washing machines, electric stoves, water pumps), Electric lighting, Entertainment (e.g., radios) Improved communications
What were the results of prohibition:	Speakeasies were created as places for people to drink alcoholic beverages. Bootleggers made and smuggled alcohol illegally and promoted organized crime. and Prohibition was repealed by the 21st Amendment.
Name the reasons for and results of the Great Migration north and west	Scarce and low paying jobs for African Americans in the South. Faced discrimination and violence in the South, and moved to cities in the North and Midwest in search of jobs. Also faced discrimination and violence in the North and Midwest.
An artist known for urban scenes and, later, paintings of the Southwest	Georgia O’Keeffe
A novelist who wrote about the Jazz Age of the 1920s	F. Scott Fitzgerald,
A novelist who portrayed the strength of poor migrant workers during the 1930s	John Steinbeck
Composers who wrote uniquely American music	Aaron Copland and George Gershwin
the leaders of the Harlem Renaissance drew upon the heritage of _________________ to establish themselves as powerful forces for cultural change.	African American culture
Painter who chronicled the experiences of the Great Migration through art	Jacob Lawrence
Poet who combined the experiences of African and American cultural roots	Langston Hughes
African American jazz composers from Harlem, __________ and _________ , revealed the freshness and variety of African American culture	Duke Ellington and Louis Armstrong
Blues singer who African American blues singer from Harlem who revealed the freshness and variety of African American culture	Bessie Smith
Which person is correctly paired with a development in technology in the late nineteenth century?	Henry Ford – assembly line
The Great Migration of the early twentieth century involved the movement of	African Americans to Northern cities
Bootleggers were people who	smuggled illegal alcohol
During the 1920s and 1930s, Aaron Copland, George Gershwin, and Duke Ellington were all associated with	music
What was the most important effect of Henry Ford’s method of automobile production?	Millions of Americans could afford automobiles
F. Scott Fitzgerald is to John Steinbeck as Aaron Copland is to	George Gershwin
During the 1920s, prohibition increated the _______ rate.	crime
What name was given to the period of achievements of African American artists, writers, and musicians in New York during the 1920s?	the Harlem Renaissance
By the 1890s, states in the South had passed laws making racial segregation legal in housing, work, government, voting, and public life. These were known as	Jim Crow laws
Name examples of changes created by rural electrification?	Products saved labor and time, such as the electric stove, availability of electric lights and entertainment (radio), and Communication improvements
What were the major causes of the Great Depression	People overspeculated on stocks, using borrowed money that they could not repay when stock prices crashed, The Federal Reserve failed to prevent the collapse of the banking system. High tariffs discouraged international trade.
Describe the widespread impact the Great Depression had on Americans	A large number of banks and businesses failed. One-fourth of workers were without jobs. Large numbers of people were hungry and homeless. Farmers’ incomes fell to low levels.
Identify the major features of Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal	Social Security, Federal work programs, Environmental improvement programs, Farm assistance programs, and increased rights for labor
What was the effect of the overspeculation on stocks, using borrowed money	People could not pay the borrowed money back when stock prices went down.
What was the effect of the Federal Reserve System not regulating banks or keep the value of money stable.	The banking system failed.
What was the effect of the United States placing high tariffs on goods coming into the United States.	Other countries placed high tariffs on goods that they imported from the United States. International trade declined.
What actions did farmers take to protest the “sell off” of their farms?	Farmers destroyed their crops rather than take them to market
What was the name of President Roosevelt’s program to help provide relief during the Great Depression?	New Deal
The Social Security program provides for	disabled people, dependent children, and pensions for the elderly.
Which program had the biggest impact on the banking system?	Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
What finally brought the Great Depression to an end?	World War II
One important change resulting from the New Deal was that it	increased the government’s responsibility for social welfare.
Which is NOT one of the probable causes of the Great Depression?	Labor shortages and lack of consumer goods on the market
Farmers who lived in the Dust Bowl were often forced to	auction off their farms. become migrant workers, accept government aid.
Who was the president at the beginning of the Great Depression?	Herbert Hoover
A political philosophy in which total power is given to a dictator, individual freedoms are denied, and nationalism and, often, racism are emphasized.	Fascism
Fascist dictators included	Adolf Hitler (Germany), Benito Mussolini (Italy), and Hideki Tojo (Japan).
What countries made up the Axis Powers	Germany, Italy and Japan
What were the causes of World War II	Worldwide depression, High war debt owed by Germany, High inflation, Massive unemployment
Identify the countries and their leaders that became the Allied Powers	Democratic nations: the United States (Franklin D. Roosevelt and, later, Harry S. Truman), Great Britain (Winston Churchill), and Canada) The Soviet Union(Joseph Stalin) joined the Allies after being invaded by Germany.
Identify the key events of World War II in the Pacific	Rising tension developed between the United States and Japan, , Japan attacked the United States at Pearl Harbor, The United States declared war on Japan, and Germany declared war on the United States.
Viewpoints of the Holocaust leaders	Anti-Semitism, Aryan supremacy, and Systematic attempt to rid Europe of all Jews
Tactics of the Holocaust leaders	Boycott of Jewish stores Threats, Segregation, Imprisonment and killing of Jews and others in concentration camps and death camps.
What event in 1939 started World War II?	Germany’s invasion of Poland
Which wartime leader is incorrectly matched with his country?	Churchill – France
Which event in 1941 caused the United States to enter World War II?	Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor
Who was the commanding general of the United States forces in Europe during World War II?	General Dwight D. Eisenhower
The United States used this strategy to defeat Japan?	Island hopping
Which famous battle fought on Russian soil halted the German advance in WWII?	Stalingrad
By the end of 1940, the United States began sending supplies to Britain through the	Lend-Lease Program
President Truman defended his decision to drop the A-bomb by arguing that it would	avoid huge United States troop casualties
After World War II, the Marshall Plan provided	economic aid to European countries recovering from the war
The two superpowers that emerged after World War II were	the United States and the Soviet Union
What is the primary goal of the United Nations?	To prevent future wars
By joining the United Nations, the United States adopted a long-term foreign policy of	internationalism
The United States economy after WWII can be characterized as	prosperous
What caused a shortage of consumer products, such as appliances and automobiles, after WWII?	Many American factories had not yet converted back to peacetime production
One important goal of the United Nations was to	prevent future wars.
The Cuban Missile Crisis began when	the Soviets began to build missile launching sites in Cuba
The Cuban Missile Crisis ended when	the Soviets agreed to remove missiles from Cuba.
The United States policy to hold communism within the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe is known as	containment
Which economic system rewards individual achievement and competition?	Capitalism
Who was responsible for fueling anti-communist hysteria?	Joseph McCarthy
The purpose of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization was to	protect member countries from Soviet aggression
What event in 1950 made the Cold War “hot”?	Korean War
The Viet Cong were	South Vietnamese who were sympathetic to the communist cause
“From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent.” – Winston Churchill In the quotation above, Winston Churchill was referring to which event?	Communist domination over Eastern Europe
Which Supreme Court decision legalized Jim Crow segregation in the South?	Plessy v. Ferguson
What was the result of the Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education?	Desegregation of public schools
Which method of protest would Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., have disapproved?	Setting fire to a business
The result of the Montgomery bus boycott in 1955 was	full desegregation of public transportation
The Jim Crow laws passed in the South	segregated African Americans from white society
The use of poll taxes was outlawed by the	Voting Rights Act of 1965
The National Organization for Women was created to	work against gender discrimination in employment
Women in American society by the mid 1990s are	Most women worked for pay outside the home, Most women were paid less than men working equivalent jobs, underrepresented in the area of elected public office.
What promoted the growth of the suburbs in the 1950 and 1960?	expanded highway construction, increased automobile production, low-cost government loans.
First event to occur in the Civil Rights Movement was the	Montgomery bus boycott
Factors leading to changing patterns in American society since World War II	Strong economy, Greater investment in education, “The Baby Boom,” changing demographics, Interstate highway system, Evolving role of women, role of Eleanor Roosevelt in expanding human rights, African Americans’ aspirations for equal opportunities
Policies and programs that expanded educational and employment opportunities for the military, women, and minorities:	G.I. Bill of Rights gave educational, housing, and employment benefits to veterans; Truman desegregated the armed forces; Civil Rights legislation led to increased educational, economic, and political opportunities for women and minorities.
Describe how international trade and globalization have impacted American life	link nations through trade, information, technologies, and communication; increased integration of different societies; improvement of all communications; greater availability of a wide variety of foreign-made goods and services; and outsourcing of jobs.
Identify the industries that most benefited from new technologies during the second half of the twentieth century	Airline industry, Automobile industry and interstate highway system; Entertainment and news media industries; Exploration of space; Computer industry; Satellite systems, telecommunications, and Internet
Explain the impact of new technologies on American life	Increased domestic and international travel for business and pleasure; Greater access to news; Cheaper and more convenient means of communication; Greater access to heating and air-conditioning; increased nationwide access to entertainment and information
Representative citizens have influenced America scientifically	Charles Drew: Medicine (plasma), and J. Robert Oppenheimer: Physics (Manhattan Project team)
Representative citizens have influenced America culturally	Frank Lloyd Wright: Architecture and Martha Graham: Dance
Representative citizens have influenced America academically	Henry Louis Gates: History, and Maya Angelou: Literature
Representative citizens have influenced America economically	Bill Gates: Computer technology (Microsoft), Ray Kroc: Franchising (McDonald’s)
Representative citizens have influenced America Foreign Policy	Increase in terrorist activities, Conflicts in the Middle East, and Changing relationships with nations
Representative citizens have influenced America Immigration	Changing immigration patterns (e.g., Hispanic Americans, Asian Americans), More people want to immigrate to the United States than are allowed by law.
Representative citizens have influenced America Global environment	Policies to protect the environment, Global climate change, Conservation of water and other natural resources
Representative citizens have influenced America's Energy consumption	dependence on foreign oil
Representative citizens have influenced America's health issues	global pandemics
What are some of the impacts of globalization on American life?	Outsourcing of jobs, Communication improvements, Availability of more goods and services
Which of the following contributed to changing demographics in America?	The G.I. Bill of Rights, Globalization, and Telecommunications
Nationwide access to entertainment and information has led to	decreased regional variation
The linking of nations through trade, information, technologies, and communication is known as	globalization
Which president desegregated the United States Army?	Harry S. Truman
One effect of changing immigration patterns is	more Hispanics and Asians are moving to America
Which of the following is NOT true about women in American society by the mid-1990s?	Women had achieved full economic equality with men
The G.I. Bill of Rights first provided employment, educational, and housing benefits to veterans after which war?	World War II
Nationwide access to entertainment and information provided by national television and radio programming, Internet services, and computer games has led to	decreased regional variation

Created by: knunley

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