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Ch3S2NewEngland

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What was the geography of New England? Location: northeastern coast of US; Topography: hills, low mountains, forest, soil thin + rocky; Coast: narrow plains (farmed mostly in this area), rich fishing grounds.
What was the climate of New England? Summers: warm + short; Winters: long + snowy; meant fewer diseases, longer lifespans.
What was the economy of New England? Economy consisted of fishing, trade, timber, whale hunting, rum, cattle, hunting provided fur/tools/shipbuilding, few relied on iron + grain.
Who were the Puritans? The Puritans were a group similar to the Pilgrims, but instead of splitting from the Church, they wanted to reform it.
The Puritans were influential in England, holding powerful positions until the 1620s. What happened? King Charles I opposed the Puritans. He began persecuting the Puritans + forced them to give up their high positions.
How and when did the Puritans leave England? The Puritans formed the Massachusetts Bay Company, which recieved a charter to settle in present-day Massachusetts + New Hampshire. In 1630, about 900 Puritans setted out for the New World.
Who led the Puritans on the 1630 voyage to the New World? John Winthrop, a respected landowner + lawyer.
What did the Puritans believe that finding their own colony + way of life would do? The Puritans believed they would provide an example to others.
The Puritans could worship as they chose in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, but did not have religious toleration for other religions. What is religious toleration? Recognition that other people have the right to different opinions.
What was the main town of the Massachusetts Bay Colony? Boston
What did the Massachusetts Bay Colony have by the mid-1630s? The colony had the General Court, an elected assembly, that only adult male members of the Church could participate in. Each town sent representatives to the assembly. The General Court + governor were elected each year.
Where was Boston established on? An excellent harbor for trade and fishing, important for economy.
Why were other colonies also founded in New England? Religious disputes.
Who was Roger Williams? Minister of a church in Salem; believed that Puritans should split entirely from Church, + buy land from Natives rather than stealing it.
When did Williams had to leave the Massachusetts Bay Colony? Where did he go? 1635; moved south to present-day Rhode Island + bought land from Natives.
When did Williams founded the town Providence, Rhode Island? 1636
When did the colonists of Rhode Island recieve a charter for self-governance? 1644
What did the Rhode Island colonists make an important contribution to? How? Religious tolerance; proclaimed Rhode Island to have no established church.
Who was Anne Hutchinson? Boston woman who also disputed Puritan leaders.
When happened to Anne Hutchinson in 1638? Hutchinson was trialed + expelled from Massachusetts Bay Colony.
Where did Hutchinson establish a settlement? Where did she also travel? Established a settlement on island part of present-day Rhode Island; also traveled to modern-day New York State in 1642.
Who was Thomas Hooker? Minister who also disagreed w/ Puritan ways.
When did Hooker leave Massachusetts w/ 100 followers to settle a new colony? 1636
Where did Hooker settle? Modern-day Connecticut.
What town did Hooker founded? Hartford, Connecticut.
In 1639, what did the colonists of Connecticut draw up? What did it do? The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut; established new government w/ elected legislature + governor.
When did the Connecticut colonists receive a charter granting self-governance? 1662
Who was John Wheelright? Also disputer of Puritans, agreed w/ Hutchinson's views.
In 1638, where did John Wheelright + his followers move to? What town did he founded? New Hampshire; Exeter
Massachusetts tried to control New Hampshire until 1680. Why did it stop? Charter from king made New Hampshire a separate colony.
How did Puritan towns govern themselves? Town meetings
How large was the Indians' population in 1670? 12000 (1/10 of population 100 yrs. earlier)
When did King Philip's War begin? When did it end? What was destroyed? 1675-1676; 12 English towns
Why did the Puritan influence decline? 1670s, new generation of ppl - lost religious fervor; concentrated on farming/businesses instead
What are town meetings? assembly of towns people that decide local issues
How did New England's geography affect the economy? decreases dependence on farming b/c of poor soil; depended on timber greatly b/c of mostly forested terrain; location of coast encourage fishing + whale hunting
Created by: Mindsweeper
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