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EIGRP_EXAM CCNA
EIGRP exam cram, todd, & netacad
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Successor Route | This is the best route as determined by the DUAL algorithm. This route gets injected into the routing table and is the one used when packets are routed. |
| Feasible Successor Route | This is the next best route and is kept in the topology table. It is used only in the event that the primary successor route goes down. |
| EIGRP is the only routing protocol that supports multiple __________ | EIGRP is the only routing protocol that supports multiple Layer 3 protocols, namely IP, AppleTalk, and IPX. All the other routing protocols mentioned in this chapter support only IP |
| EIGRP uses administrative distance __ | EIGRP uses administrative distance 90 |
| Administrative distance of routes redistributed into EIGRP from another routing protocol | 170 |
| main characteristics of EIGRP | -Hybrid Protocol -two administrative distances -Supports IP, AppleTalk, and IPX - -Uses Bandwidth and Delay by default in calculating its metric, but can also factor Reliability, Load, and MTU |
| Routing updates will _________ between routers with different autonomous numbers | Routing updates will not be exchanged between routers with different autonomous numbers |
| configure EIGRP for a router connected to networks 192.168.10.0/24 and 192.168.20.0/24. The autonomous system number is 1 | Router(config)#router eigrp 1...Router(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0....Router(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0 |
| Similar to RIP version 2 and OSPF, EIGRP can be a classless routing protocol. By default, it is classful. To enable classless routing, type the following command under the routing process: | Router(config-router)#no auto-summary |
| The most common show command when verifying your routing configuration is | The most common show command when verifying your routing configuration is show ip route |
| The command,_______, is helpful to see your autonomous system number and the networks you are advertising. Whether auto summary is on or not. | show ip protocols |
| the "show ip protocols" also tells ___ | which routers are sending your EIGRP routes, the administrative distance for those routes, and the last time your router received an update from other routers. Also Which networks your router is advertising to other routers. |
| "show ip eigrp topology" will tell you ___ | your topology table. Your topology table contains all routes the router knows. Here you will see your successor (best routes) & your feasible successor (backup routes)& feasible distance. Also "A-Active,P-passive,U-Update,Q-Query,R-reply,r-reply satus |
| Active Versus Passive Routes | show ip eigrp topology command that the routes begin with a P for passive. According to the legend at the beginning of this output, a route can also be A for active. A passive route is when your routing table has fully converged. An active route is whe |
| to stop EIGRP from working on a specific interface such as a serial connection to the Internet, what command should you issue? | NOTE IT IS NOT ENTERED ON THE CONFIG INTERFACE MODE, RATHER THE ROUTER CONFIG MODE Router(config)#router eigrp 20 Router(config-router)#passive-interface s 0/1 |
| R3#config t R3(config)#router eigrp 10 R3(config-router)#redistribute rip ? | redistribute rip BANDWIDTH DELAY RELIABILITY EFFECTIVE BANDWIDTH MTU ........-R3(config-router)#redistribute rip metric 10000000 20000 255 1 1500 |
| What commands are issued to redistribute EIGRP into RIP? | R3(config-router)#redistribute eigrp 10 metric 1 |
| What commmand must be issued to route classless and/or discontiguous networks | (config-router)#no auto-summary |
| show ip route eigrp | Shows only EIGRP entries in the routing table |
| show ip eigrp neighbors | Shows all EIGRP neighbors, allows you to check the IP addresses as well as the retransmit interval and queue counts for the established neighbors |
| show ip eigrp topology | Shows entries in the EIGRP topology table |
| debug eigrp packet | Shows Hello packets sent/received between adjacent routers |
| Debug ip eigrp notification | Shows EIGRP changes and updates as they occur on your network |
| In what mode does one change the metric, i.e. bandwidth, delay? | (config-if)#bandwidth 256000 R1(config-if)#delay 300000 |
| under "sh ip eigrp neighbors" what does the column under the letter "H" indicate? | The H field indicates the order in which the neighbor was discovered. |
| under "sh ip eigrp neighbors" what is "hold"? | hold time is how long this router will wait for a Hello packet to arrive from a neighbor before declaring that neighbor as unreachable. By default, the hold time is three times the Hello interval, or 15 seconds, and 180 seconds on low speed NBMA |
| under "sh ip eigrp neighbors" what is SRTT? | The SRTT field is the smooth round-trip timer—an indication of the time it takes for a round-trip from this router to its neighbor and back. This value is used to determine how long to wait after a multicast for a reply from this neighbor. |
| RTO | The Retransmission Time Out (RTO) field, which is the amount of time EIGRP waits before retransmitting a packet from the retransmission queue to a neighbor |
| Q value | The Q value indicates whether there are any outstanding messages in the queue—consistently large values would indicate a problem |
| The Seq field | The Seq field indicates the sequence number of the last update from that neighbor— something that’s used to maintain synchronization and avoid duplicate or out-ofsequence processing of messages |
| EIGRP multicasts | 224.0.0.10 multicast is sent out every 5 seconds, |
| Mathimatical way to determine wild card mask- | subrtract subnetmask from 255.255.255.255 |
| EIGRP has automatically included a summary route to Null 0 for the classful networks | If a packet does not match one of the level 2 child routes, it is sent to the Null0 interface. In other words, if the packet matches the level 1 parent - the classful network address - but none of the subnets, the packet is discarded. |
| k values | k1(bandwidth)=1, k2(load)=0, k3(delay)=1, k4(realiability)=0, k5(reliability)=0 |
| which command will show the k values? | sh ip protocols |
| which command will show the ACTUAL values used for bandwidth, delay, reliability, and load | sh interface |
| Modifying the bandwidth value _______ the actual bandwidth of the link. | Modifying the bandwidth value does not change the actual bandwidth of the link |
| define DELAY | Delay is calculated as the sum of delays from source to destination in units of 10 microseconds. |
| ------- is the protocol used by EIGRP for the delivery and reception of EIGRP packets. | Reliable Transport Protocol (RTP) is the protocol used by EIGRP for the delivery and reception of EIGRP packets. |
| Multicast EIGRP packets use the reserved multicast address of ______ | 224.0.0.10. |
| HELLO packet | EGRP routers discover neighbors and establish adjacencies with neighbor routers using the Hello packet. On most networks EIGRP Hello packets are sent every 5 seconds. On(NBMA) and T1 (1.544 Mbps) or slower, Hellos are unicast every 60 seconds. |
| If the hold time expires, EIGRP will declare the route as down and. . . | DUAL will search for a new path by sending out queries |
| t EIGRP has a third AD value, of 5, | for summary routes |
| null0 summary route as a child route whenever both of following conditions exist: | There is at least one subnet that was learned via EIGRP. Automatic summarization is enabled. |
| Reliability | Unlike delay, Reliability is measured dynamically with a value between 0 and 255, with 1 being a minimally reliable link and 255 one hundred percent reliable. Reliability is calculated on a 5-minute weighted average to avoid sudden impact |
| Load | Load is expressed as a fraction of 255. lower load value is better=less load on the link. 1/255 is minimally load. It's displayed as both an outbound, or transmit, value (txload) and inbound, receive, load value (rxload). Calculated 5min weighted average. |
| what do you do if the actual bandwidth of the link does not match the default bandwidth of the interface? | Use the interface command bandwidth to modify the bandwidth metric: Router(config-if)#bandwidth kilobits We can verify the change using the show interface command. It is important to modify the bandwidth metric on both sides of the link |
| EIGRP default metric calculation | (10,000,000/bandwidth) * 256 + (sum of delay/10) * 256 |
| successor | A successor is a neighboring router that is used for packet forwarding and is the least-cost route to the destination network. The IP address of a successor is shown in a routing table entry right after the word via. |
| Feasible distance | Feasible distance (FD) is the lowest calculated metric to reach the destination network. FD is the metric listed in the routing table entry as the second number inside the brackets known as the metric for the route. |
| feasible successor | A feasible successor (FS) is a neighbor who has a loop-free backup path to the same network as the successor by satisfying the feasibility condition. |
| feasibility condition | The feasibility condition (FC) is met when a neighbor's reported distance (RD) to a network is less than the local router's feasible distance to the same destination network. |
| To view detailed information about the metrics of a specific entry in the topology table, | add the optional parameter [network] to the show ip eigrp topology command, as shown in the figure: R2#show ip eigrp topology 192.168.1.0 |
| To view detailed information about the metrics of a specific entry in the topology table, | add the optional parameter [network] to the show ip eigrp topology command, as shown in the figure: R2#show ip eigrp topology 192.168.1.0 |
| Bandwidth metric | Bandwidth is the lowest configured bandwidth of any interface along the route. |
| Delay metric | Delay is a measure of the time it takes for a packet to traverse a route. The delay (DLY) metric is a STATIC value BASED ON THE TYPE LINK the INTERFACE is connected and is expressed in microseconds. Delay is not measured dynamically. |
| Why & under what condition would a router have two equal cost paths to a destination when actually one path has faster speeds. | Because both paths have the same number and types of outgoing interfaces, the delay values end up being the same. As a result, the EIGRP metric for both paths is the same, even though the path through R1 would actually be the "faster" path. |
| How to calculate the bandwidth metric | EIGRP takes the bandwidth value in kbps and divides it by a reference bandwidth value of 10,000,000. This will result in higher bandwidth values receiving a lower metric and lower bandwidth values receiving a higher metric. |
| How to calculte the delay metric | Each delay value is divided by 10 and then summed. This result is then multiplied by 256. |
| Why would EIGRP no longer include the Null0 summary route | because automatic summarization has been disabled with no auto-summary. As long as the default classless routing behavior (ip classless) is in effect, supernet and default routes will be used when there is not a match with a subnet route |
| How to configure EIGRP manual summary route to be sent out a particular interface | Router(config-if)#ip summary-address eigrp as-number network-address subnet-mask |
| EIGRP requires the use of the __________ ________ command to include the static default route with its EIGRP routing updates. | redistribute static command is needed to include the static default route with its EIGRP routing updates. |
| in which mode must you enter the EIGRP "redistribute static" command | router config mode, i.e. R1(config)router eigrp 1 |
| Hello intervals and hold times are configurable on a per-interface basis and do not have to match with other EIGRP routers to establish adjacencies. The command to configure a different hello interval is: | Router(config-if)#ip hello-interval eigrp as-number seconds |
| If you change the hello interval, you must also change hold time to a value equal to or greater than the hello interval. or else, adjacency will go down after hold time expires &before the next hello interval. The command to config a diff hold time is: | Router(config-if)#ip hold-time eigrp as-number seconds |
| What is the purpose of the EIGRP PDM? | PDM provides modular support for LAYER 3 protocols. |
| If an EIGRP route goes down & a FS is not found in the topology table, how does DUAL flag the route that has failed? recomputed? passive? active? down? unreachable? successor? | ACTIVE |
| What command will show the administrator all possible paths to a destination? | show ip eigrp topology all-links |
| What is the purpose fo the EIGRP neighbor & topology tables? | The neighbor & topology tables are used to DUAL to build the routing table. |
Created by:
papid69
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