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gr. 7 ch. 7 & 8 SS
gr 7 ss chapters 7 & 8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| electoral college | indirect method of election; how we elect the President |
| electors | appointed officials who vote for one fo the major Presidential candidates |
| executive orders | a rule or command that has the force of law |
| executive agreement | an agreement between the president and the leader of another country |
| embargo | an agreement among a group of nations that prohibits them all from trading with a target nation |
| government corporations | a business owned and operated by the federal government |
| civil service workers | person hired into a federal position |
| merit system | hiring people into government jobs on the basis of their qualifications |
| pardon | a declaration of forgiveness and freedom from punishment |
| reprieve | an order to delay a person's punishment unitl a higher court can hear the case |
| amnesty | a pardon to a group of people |
| ambassador | an official representative of a country's government |
| cabinet | a group of advisers to the president that includes the heads of 14 top-level executive departments |
| foreign policy | a nation's overall plan for dealing with other nations |
| national security | the ability to keep the country safe from attack or harm |
| treaties | formal agreements btween the governments of two or more countries |
| trade sanctions | an effort to punish another nation by imposing trade barriers |
| federal bureaucracy | the collective agencies and employees of the executive branch |
| political appointees | a person appointed to a federal position by the president |
| civil service system | the practice of hiring government workers on the basis of open, competitive examinations and merit |
| spoils system | rewarding people with government jobs on the basis of their political support |
| jurisdiction | a court's authority to hear and decide cases |
| exclusive jurisdiction | authority of only federal courts to hear and decide cases |
| concurrent jurisdiction | authority for both state and federal courts to hear and decide cases |
| district courts | federal courts where trials are held and lawsuits are begun |
| docket | a court's calendar showing the schedule of cases it is to hear |
| original jurisdiction | the authority to hear cases for the first time |
| appeals court | a court that reviews decisions made in lower district courts |
| appellate jurisdiction | the authority of a court to hear a case appealed from a lower court |
| circuit | the area of jurisdiction of a federal court of appeals |
| remand | to send a case back to a lower court to be tried again |
| opinion | a detialed explanation of the legal thinking behind a court's decision in a case |
| precedent | a ruling that is used as the basis for a judicial decision in a later similar case |
| constitutional | in accordance with the constitution |
| judicial review | the power of the Supreme Court to say whether any federal, state or local law or government action goes against the Constitution |
| brief | a written document explaining the position of one side or the other in a case |
| majority opinion | a statement that presents the views of the majoirty of Supreme Court justices regarding a case |
| dissenting opinion | a statement written by a justice who disagrees with the majority opinion, presenting his or her opinion |
| concurring opinion | s statement written by a justice who votes with the majority but for different reasons |
| stare decisis | the practice of using earlier judicial rulings as a basis for deciding cases |
| judicial review | the power of the Supreme Court to say whether any federal, state, or local law or governmnet action goes against the Constitution |
| presidential succession | 1. vice president 2. speaker of house 3. president pro tempore 4. secretary of state |
| presidential succession act | indicates the line of succession after the vice president-if the pres and vice pres die or leave office teh speaker of the house becomes the president, then pres pro tempore of senate, then secretary of state and other members of cabinet; passed in 1947 |
| twenty fifth amendment | says that if president dies or leaves office, the vice pres becomes pres; then the vice pres chooses a new vice pres and the choice must be approved by the senate and house of representatives |
| example of a government corporation | united states postal service |
| federal budget | the administrations plans and goals of the coming year |
| most important speech to congress each yera | state of the union address |
| states electoral vote total | number of senators plus number of presentatives |
| war powers act | says president must notify congress immediately when troops are sent into battle |
| foreign aid | food, military assistance, and supplies sent to other countries |
| merit system | civil service |
| exclusive jurisdiction | federal courts hear federal cases |
| district courts | original jurisdiction for federal cases |
| appellate jurisdiction | hears appeals from lower court |
| marbury vs. madison | established judicial review |
| dissenting | disagree with majority decision |
| precedent | guidance to judges hearing similar cases |
| exclusive jurisdiction | federal courts have this over maritime law |
| concurrent jurisdiction | heard in federal and state court |
| appeals court | review decisions from lower district courts |
| circuit | geographic area covered by appeals court |
| most important job of the president | carrying out the law |
Created by:
fhershey
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