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US Revolution Cards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Paleo Indains | Indians who crossed the Bering Land Bridge in 38,000 and 10,00 BC. |
| migrations | a movement of people from one place to another |
| hunter-gatherers | Paleo- Indains who lived by hunting animals and gathers wild plants |
| environments | Climates and landscapes that surround living things |
| societies | groups that share a culture |
| culture | a group's set of commong values and traditions |
| totems | ancestor or animal spirits |
| Iroquios League | A political confederations that was developed by the Mohawk, Cayuga, Oneida, Onondage, and Seneca nations. |
| capital | money or property that is used to earn more money |
| joint-stock companies | buisnesses in which a group of people invest together |
| Christopher Columbus | A sailor from Genoa, Italy |
| Ferdinand Magellan | 1591- a Portugese captain |
| Northwest Passage | A passage to find a way through North America to go to Asia |
| Columbian Exchange | Trade of animals, plants, and diseases from Columbus's explorations |
| conquistadors | Soldiers who led miltary expeditions in the Americas |
| Hernan Cortez | Governor of Cuba |
| Moctezuma II | King in Mexico |
| Francisco Pizarro | conquistador |
| Junipero Serra | Spanish missionary who went out to California to spread Christianity |
| encomienda system | gave settlers right to tax local Native Americans |
| Bartolome de Las Casas | Spanish priest who defended Native American's rights |
| plantations | large farms that grew just one kind of crop |
| Protestant Reformation | religious movement that began as an effort to reform the Catholic Church and spread through German towns in the 1520's and then other parts of Europe |
| printing press | a machine that produces printed copies |
| Spanish Armada | launched to invadeEngland and overthrow Queen Elizabeth and the Angelican Church |
| Inflations | a raise in the price of goods caused by an in the amount of money in use |
| charter | a document giving permissionto start a colony |
| Jamestown | A place where colonists founded that was 40 miles up the James River |
| John Smith | Took control of Jamestown in 1608 |
| Pocahontas | daughter of the Powhatan leader |
| indentured servants | people who recieved a free trip to North America by agreeing to work for no pay for a period of years |
| Bacon's rebellion | Bcaon and his followeres attacked and burned Jamestown |
| Toleration Act of 1649 | bill made it a crime to restrict religious rights to Christians |
| slave codes | laws to control slaves |
| Olaudah Equaino | former slave |
| Puritans | Protestant group |
| Pilgrims | one Seperatist group that left England to escape persecution- 1600 |
| immigrants | people how have left the country of their birth to live in another country |
| Mayflower Compact | a legal contract in which they agreed to have fair laws to protect the general good |
| Squanto | Patuxet Indian that once lived in Europe and spoke English |
| John Winthrop | Ledaers of the fleet of ships that left Engaldn for Massachusetts |
| Anne Hutchinson | A woman how publicly discussed religious ideas that some leaders thought were radical |
| Peter Stuyvestant | Leaders of the colony in 1647 |
| Quakers | Society of Friends- One of the largest religious groups in New Jersey |
| William Penn | Quaker- wished to found another colony |
| staple crops | crops that were always needed |
| town meeting | Gatherings of people who talked about issues and decided things to do for the society |
| English Bill of Rights | Act that reduced the powers of the English monarchs |
| triangular trade | a system in which goods and slaves were traded among the Americas, Britian, and Africa |
| Middle Passage | A routes on the Atlantic Ocean that brought millions of African slaves |
| Great Awakening | a religious movement that swept through the colonies in the 1730's and 1740's |
| Enlightenment | movement that spread the idea that reason and logic could improve society |
| Pontiac | Indian leader who opposed British settlement |
| Samuel Adams | believed that Parliament could not tax the colonists without permission |
| Committees of Correspondence | Shared ideas and information about the new British laws and how to oppose them |
| Stamp Act of 1765 | Act that required colonists to pay for an offical stamp when they bought paper items |
| Boston Massacre | The massacre in Boton that left three men dead |
| Tea Act | 1773- let the British East India Trading Company to sell tea directly to the colonists |
| Intolerable Acts | 1774- document that Parliament made to punish Boston |
| First Continental Congress | 1774- a gathering of delegates from throughout the colonies |
| minutemen | members of the civilian voulenteer militia |
| Redcoats | Soldiers wearing red uniforms |
| Second Continental Congress | Second gathering of delegates from throughout the colonies |
| Continental Army | military force that carried out the fight against Britain |
| George Washington | command of the continental army |
| Battle of Bunker Hill | proved the colonists could take on the British |
| Common Sence | 47 page pamphlet published in January 1776 that urged seperation from Great Britain |
| Thomas Paine | writer of Common Sence |
| Thomas Jefferson | member of the committee |
| Declaration of Independence | a document that formally anounced the colonies break from Britian |
| Patriots | colonists that choose to fight for independence |
| Loyalists | those who remained loyal to Great Britain |
| mercenaries | foreign soldier who fight with pay |
| offencive | fight against |
| Battle of Trenton | an important Patriot victory |
| Battle of Saratoga | New York- greatest victory yet for the Americans |
| Marquis de Layfayette | French nobleman the came to America and voulenteered for the Continental Army |
| Bernardo de Galvez | governor fo Spanish Louisiana |
| John Paul Jones | brave and clever sailor |
| George Rodgers Clark | explored and mapped the western frontier |
| Francis Marion | Patriot who fought guerrilla style fighting |
| Comte de Rochambeau | leader of the French force the combined with Geogre Washington's force |
| Battle fo Yorktown | the last battle of the American Revolution |
| Treaty of Paris | Great Britian recognized the independence of the United States |
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