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Anatomy Lect Exam 2

LE muscles

QuestionAnswer
Action of the semitendinosus across the knee joint Extension of femur, flexion of knee, medial rotation of tibia when knee flexed
Action of gastrocnemius Plantar flexion of ankle, assists in knee flexion
Deepest muscle at the posterior knee Popliteus
Insertion of the biceps femoris (specifi) Lateral head of fibula, lateral condlye of tibia
Originates on the posterior fibula ONLY and its tendon passes behind the medial malleolus flexor hallucis longus
Function of the popliteus muscle lateral rotation of femur to unlock extended knee, initiate knee flexion, medial rotation of tibia when knee is flexed
lateral rotator of the hip located immediately superior to the tendon of the obturator internus superior gemellus
two primary actions of the gluteus minimus abduction, medial rotation of femur
lateral rotator of the hip only innervated by the obturator nerve obturator externus
origin of the quadrates femoris ischial tuberosity
action of gracilis cross the hip joint adduction
insertion of the iliopsoas lesser trochanter of femur
origin of the rectus femoris muscle ASIS
Insertion of adductor magnus Anterior head: adductor tubercle Posterior head: Linea aspera of femur
Origin of the vastus medialis muscle Intertrochanteric line, linea aspera
Innervation of pectineus femoral n
Insertion of the adductor brevis muscle Proximal linea aspera, pectineal line of femur
Insertion of fibularis brevis Lateral base of metacarpal 5
Action of fibularis tertius Eversion, dorsiflexion
Innervation of fibularis longus Superficial fibular n
Specific muscle that is located on the dorsum of the foot and originates from the anterior calcanues Extensor digitorum brevis
Abdominal muscle that rotates the trunk to the opposite side External oblique
Define the deep inguinal ring Gap in transversalis fascia
Specifically, what form the important conjoined tendon? Union of the transverse abdominus & internal oblique muscles (aponeurosis)
Portion of the spermatic cord derived from the internal oblique Cremaster muscle & its fascia
Name the cutaneous branches of the femoral nerve. Do not give articular Medial and intermediatecutaneous nerves & saphenous nerve
Specific nerve from which the sural nerve arises Tibial n
Point at which the common fibular nerve is particularly vulnerable to injury Passes around neck of fibula
Assuming the sciatic nerve has been severed, would any cutaneous areas below the knee still have sensation? If so, specifically where and why? Medial leg-supplied by saphenous branch of femoral nerve
The obturator nerve carries fibers from these spinal segments L 2, 3, 4
Give two vessels which help to form the cruciate anastomosis Medial/lateral femoral circumflex, inferior gluteal, 1st perforating branch
Artery which directly gives rise to the most of the dorsal metatarsal arteries arcuate a
The small saphenous vein is direct tributary popliteal vein
Artery that gives rise to the perforating arteries of the thigh profunda femoris
Besides being external to the epimysium and sometimes fused to it, give two other characteristics of the deep fascia, Invest body areas, provide intermuscular septa, surround individual muscles to move freely
Discuss what is meant by a functional reversal of origin and insertion Opposite of anatomical definition; origin is the fixed end, insertion is movable end
If we wanted the strongest possible muscular performance across a joint, what type of muscle would you use and how would you attach it Multipennate; farther from joint
List the basic motor function of the nervous system Muscular contraction; glandular secretion
These are a specific type of receptor used, for example, as pain detectors in the skin. They are functionally classified as: GSA-general somatic afferent
Specific components innervated by the autonomic nervous system PNS & INS; thoracolumbar & craniosacral
Define a nerve A group of neuron fibers in the PNS
Name the anatomical structures placed in the PNS (be precise) 12 pairs of cranial nerves 31 pairs of spinal nerves Autonomic nerves of ANS
Name the intrinsic muscles of the foot that form the 1st layer Abductor hallucis Flexor digitorum brevis Abductor digiti minimi
Name the dorsiflexors of the ankle Tibialis anterior Extensor hallucis longus Extensor digitorum longus Fibularis tertius
Name 2 important ligament with attachments to the ischium and sacrum Sacrotuberous/sacrospinous ligament
A patient presents with flattening of the medial longitudinal arch on the plantar surface of the foot. Give specific ligamentous damage Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
Muscle innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve gluteus maximus
Muscle immediately superior to the sciatic nerve in the gluteal region piriformis
Action of the gluteus minimus Abduction/medial rotation of femur
Muscles which insert on the iliotibial tract TFL, glut maximus
Action of semitendinosus across the knee joint Flexion (med. Rot. When knee flexed)
Muscle which originates on the ischial tuberosity and inserts on the anterior proximal tibial shaft semitendinosis
Hamstring inserting on the posterior medial tibial condyle Semimembranosis
List individual names and actions of the muscle collectively known as triceps surae Gastrocnemius (medial and lateral head), soleus
Abdominal muscle that rotates the trunk to the same side Internal oblique
List 4 actions of the Sartorius Abduction, flexion, lateral rotation of femur; flexion, medial rotation of knee
Muscle which lies immediately deep to the adductor longus; inserts on only a single bony landmark Adductor brevis
Action of the gracilis across the hip joint Adduction of femur
Origin of the rectus femoris muscle AIIS, ilium at upper rim of acetabulum
Innervation of adductor magnus Ant-obturator; post-sciatic
Action of pectineus Adduction/flexion/medial rotation of femur
Origin of the extensor digitorum brevis Anterior calcaneus
Action to the fibularis tertius Eversion of foot; assist in dorsiflexion
Innervations of extensor hallucis longus Deep fibular
Specifically what forms the anterior wall of the inguinal canal Aponeuosis of external oblique
Portion of the spermatic cord derived from the internal oblique Cremaster muscle
Femoral nerve carries fibers from these specific spinal cord segments L 2, 3, 4
Apart from muscular paralysis, injury to this specific nerve should present anasesthesia of the skin in the small area between 1st and 2nd toes only Deep fibular nerve
The tibial nerve passes immediately deep to this muscle during most of its course in the leg Soleus
The sciatic nerve directly innervates what muscles? Hamstrings & adductor magnus posterior head
The tibial nerve terminates as the Medial and lateral plantar nerve
Arises from the acruate artery Lateral dorsal metatarsal a
In detail, how does the great saphenous vein become a tributary to the deep veins? passes through the saphenous hiatus and drains into the femoral vein
Artery of which the medial femoral circumflex is a direct branch Profunda femoris
Smallest fiber-like unit of a muscle visible to the naked eye fascicle
Considering that muscle volume remains constant, what can one say when comparing the range and strength of contraction of an unattached muscle? Vary inversely
Give the functional 3 letter classificication and name a proprioceptor GSA; muscle spindles
Specific components innervated by the ANS Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands
Name the muscles that form the 3rd layer of the plantar foot Flexor hallucis brevis, adductor hallucis, flexor digiti minimi brevis
Name the medial rotators of the hip Gluteus medius/minimus; adductor magnus/longus; pectineus; tfl
Name the ligaments that run from the tibia to the lateral malleolus Anterior & posterior tibiofibular ligament
Nerve of the fibularis brevis Superficial fibular
Insertion of the fibularis longus Medial cuneiform & base of 5th metatarsal on plantar foot
Nerve of tibialis anterior Deep fibular
Action of fibularis tertius eversion
Origin of the vastus medialis Intertrochanteric line & linea aspera of femur
Insertion of the adductor brevis Adductor tubercle
Muscle which originates on the proximal ischial tuberosity and inserts on the medial greater trochanter Inferior gemellus
Action of the gluteus minimus Abduction, medial rotation
Origin of the superior gemellus Ischial spine
Common origin of the hamstrings Ischial tuberosity
Name the muscle whose tendons pass behind the medial malleolus. List from posterior to anterior as they pass around the malleolus. Flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum, tibialis posterior
Origin of the gastrocnemius Medial head: medial epicondlye of femur; lateral head- lateral epicondyle of femur
Nerve of popliteus tibial
Action of the soleus plantar flexion
Muscle that originates only from the lateral epicondle of the femur and inserts into the calcaneous via Achilles tendon plantaris
Portion of the spermatic cord derived from the aponeurosis of the external oblique External spermatic fascia
Name given to the CT covering the smallest unit of a muscle visable to the naked eye Perimysium
Component of the deep fascia which arranges muscle into functional compartments Intermuscular septa
The tibial nerve passes immediately deep to this muscle during the most inferior half of its course soleus
Nerve that traverses the adductor canal to provide cutaneous innervations to the medial side of the leg, ankle and foot to great toe saphenous n
Classify (3 letters) efferents to the muscles of the facial expression and mastication. Why are they classified as this? SVE; skeletal muscles derived from brachial arches
List the special sensations vision hearing (equilibrium) taste smell
Created by: jmars984
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