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History:Chapter 4
Growth of the Thirteen Colonies
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| subsistence farming | farmers that produce just enough to meet their families needs |
| Triangular Trade | routes that formed a triangle |
| Middle Passage | a part of the triangular trade when enslaved Africans were shipped to the west indies |
| cash crop | large quantities of wheat and other crops |
| surplus | extra amounts of tabacco |
| Tidewater | a region of flat, low lying plains along the sea cost |
| backcountry | a region settled in part by hardy newcomers to the colonies |
| overseers | bosses to keep the enslaved Africans working hard |
| slave code | strict rules that governed the behavior and punishment of enslaved Africans and helped define the relationship between enslave people and free people |
| relied | depended on |
| principal | most important |
| export | sell abroad |
| import | bring from foreign markets |
| charter colony | settlers were given a charter, or grant of rights and priveledges, to establish charter colonies |
| proprietary colonies | ruled by proprietors, proprietors appointed the governor and members of the upper house of legislatures, the colonists elected the lower house |
| royal colony | Britain directly ruled, the king appointed governor and council, and the colonists elected the lower house |
| successor | the next king |
| Olaudah Equiano | a young African who was forced on a ship to America |
| Glorious Revolution | In 1668 parlament forced out King James and put in Mary, his daughter, and her husband |
| English Bill of Rights | signed by Queen Mary and her husband in 1689 and granted rights to all citizens |
| Navigation Acts | directed the trade between England and the colonies |
| Great Awakening | a religious revival that swept throught the colonies |
| Enlightenment | a movement that began in Europe based upon the idea that knowledge, reason, and science could improve society |
| converted | changed the religious beliefs |
| Iroquois Confederacy | the most powerful group of Native Americans in the East that was independent by trading with both the British and the French |
| militia | a group of civilians trained to fight in emergencies |
| design | a plan |
| George Washington | a surveyor that was sent by Virgina to tell the French that they were trespassing on land that Great Britain claimed |
| Albany Plan of Union | the representatives from several colonies adopted Benjamin Franklin's plan for a united colonial government |
| alliances | unions |
| speculator | investors |
| prospects | chances for success |
| General Edward Braddock | a commander and chief of the British forces in America |
| Seven Years' War | the fighting in America started a war in Europe |
| William Pitt | Great Britain's successes improved after he came to power |
| Jeffrey Anherst and James Wolfe | these commanders were sent to conquer French Canada |
| Treaty of Paris | of 1763 forced France to give Canada and most of its lands east of the Mississippi river to Great Britain |
| Pontiac's War | Pontiac gathered forces in the summer of 1763 and captured the British fort and other Brithish outposts |
| Proclomation of 1763 | set the Appalachain mountains as the temporary western boundary for the colonies |
| What was Trangular Trade? | Triangular Trade was a trade route that exchanged goods between the west Indies, the American colonies, and West Africa |
| What were the three types of colonies? Describe one. | charter, proprietory, and royal. charter- a colony established by a group of settlers who had been given a formal document allowing them to settle |
| How did the Navigation Acts affect the colonies? | It prevented the colonists from sending certain products outside the area that made up England's empire. |
Created by:
crg1998
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