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Chapter 15
Reconstruction(1865-1877)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Andrew Johnson | Lincoln's vice-president,left in charge of binding the nation's wounds. |
| Reconstruction | the period from 1865-1877m when the national government attempted to rebuild the south after the Civil War. |
| ten per cent plan | a plan that called for a civilian government to be reinstalled i southern states after 10% of the citizens had signed an oath of allegiance to the union. |
| Radical Republicans | a highly influential minority that opposed Lincoln's plan |
| Wade Davis Bill | Radical Republicans view of reconstruction requiring military governors for southern states until a majority signed an oath or allegience; not just 10% |
| Tenure of Office Act | in a process to limit President Johnson's power, one of the acts passed, which forbade the president from dismissing cabinet members without the consent of the Senate. |
| Impeachment | an indictment by the house of representatives, started by the radicals t remove President Johnson from office. His crime was disagreeing with the Radicals. He was saved from removal. |
| Thirteenth Amendment | prohibited slavery; eliminated the last traces of slavery in border states. |
| Fourteenth Amendment | granted blacks full citizenship in both the US and the state they lived; applied the provision of "life, liberty, or property, without due process of law";prohibited Confederate leaders form holding office. |
| Fifteenth Amendment | the right to vote not based on race, color or precious condition of servitude. |
| suffrage | the right to vote |
| How did Johnson test the Tenure of office act? | By dismissing Secretary or War Edwin Stanton;Johnson viewed him as a radical spy. |
| Military Reconstruction Act | imposed military occupation on the South until the requirements of reconstruction were met. |
| Freedman's Bureau | agency formed to provide help to the newly freed slaves. Originally concerned itself with distributing food and clothing, but eventually set up courts to protect the rights of the freedmen t. |
| Black Codes | unfair attempts to regulate the conduct of former slaves. |
| Carpetbaggers | Northern Radicals that moved to the south with all the belongings in bags made of carpet. |
| scakawags | Southern Radicals/pro union |
| disfranchisement | the denial of the right to vote of many southern whites that allowed the Radical governments to stay in power. |
| Ku Klux Klan | an extremist group that turned to violence to express their opinions |
| What system of farming was the South's main economic response to the devastation caused by the Civil War? | sharecropping. It allowed many southerners to survive, but it did not enable them to prosper. |
| Redeemers | men that led the fight for white majority rule; they wanted control of their states back from the Radicals. |
| Ulysses S. Grant | elected president in 1868/week president, passive and allowed Congress to run the reconstruction of the south. No political experience |
| Grantism | new word for political corruption |
| Credit Mobilier Scandal | one of many scandals during Grant's term involving a railroad construction company. |
| Whiskey Ring | whiskey distillers conspired to cheat the government out of millions of dollars in revenue form taxes. |
| Tammany Hall | A political organization in New York that controlled most of new York's political affairs. |
| William Boss Tweed | Tammany Hall's leader during the 1860s and 1870s when corruption reached astonishing depths. As a result of a reform movement he was finally arrested. |
| Thomas Nast | political cartoonist who attacked Tweed and Tammany Hall. Uneducated supporters could not read editorials, but they could understand Nast's drawings. |
| Liberal Republicans | a splinter group of the Republican party that opposed Grant's re-election in 1872. |
| Horace Greeley | the Liberal Republicans candidate to oppose Grant; a desperate choice-an eccentric that was crushed by Grant |
| Panic of 73 | a financial collapse, six year depression during Grant's second term, caused by a struggle over the nation's currency. |
| greenbacks | paper money printed during the civil war by congress to help pay for the war effort not backed by gold or silver but simply the governments promise to honor them; greenbacks eventually became as "good as gold" |
| Election of 1876 | between Rutherford B. Hayes(Republican) and Samuel J. Tilden (Democrat); disputed results; voting corruption; it was said the democrats stole the election first and the republicans stole it back. |
| Rutherford B. Hayes | Union General, 3 time governor of Ohio, honest |
| Samuel J. Tilden | railroad lawyer, former governor of New York, gained a national reputation by breaking up the Tweed ring |
| waving the bloody shirt | the Republicans tactic of blaming the democrats for the Civil War |
| Compromise of 1877 | a compromise that allowed Rutherford B. Hayes to take office. The southern democrats offered to allow the electoral votes to be counted if troops were removed from the south |
| 3 results of the Civil War and Reconstruction | 1. Slaves were freed 2. The south was solidly Democratic 3. powers of the federal government expanded dramatically. |
| the Solid South | solidly democratic, believed in the powers of the states |
| Why was sharecropping more popular than the wage system in the South during Reconstruction? | There was little cash available, so it was difficult to pay workers in cash. Plus, their was no loyalty to employers so they would often leave looking for better wages. |
Created by:
melpinkston
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