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Unit 2 Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| agricultural density | the number of farmers per area of arable land |
| anti-natalist | policies that supports lower birth rates |
| arithmetic density | the total number of people divided by the total land area. |
| asylum seekers | someone who has migrated to another country in the hope of being recognized as a refugee. |
| carrying capacity | is the maximum population of a given species that the environment can sustain indefinitely given the available resources such as food and water |
| chain migration | migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there |
| cohort | a group of individuals who share a common temporal demographic experience; not necessarily bases only on age, but may also be defined based on criteria such as time of marriage or time of graduation; all individuals in a certain age range |
| crude birth rates (CBR) | the total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society |
| crude death rates (CDR) | the total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society |
| demography | The scientific study of population characteristics. |
| demographic transition | the process of change in a society’s population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth and death rates, low rate of natural increase, and a higher total population. |
| dependency ratio | number of people who are too young or too old to work (under 15 and over 65) |
| diaspora | a scattered population whose origin lies in a separate geographic locale |
| doubling time | the number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase |
| ecumene | the areas occupied by permanent human habitation. |
| epidemiological transition | the process of change in the distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition |
| fertility | the natural capability to produce offspring in simple terms refers to total number of children born or likely to be born to a woman in her life time if she were subject to the prevailing rate of age-specific fertility in the population |
| forced migration | permanent movement, compelled by cultural or environmental factors |
| guest worker | a person with temporary permission to work in another country. |
| internally displaced persons (IDP) | someone who has been forced to migrate for similar political reasons as a refugee but has not migrated across an international border |
| internal migration | permanent movement within a particular country |
| intervening obstacles | an environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that hinders migration |
| intervening opportunities | something that causes a person who is migrating to stop at a place between the place they left and the place they intended to go. |
| life expectancy | the average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions. Life expectancy at birth is the average number of years a new-born infant can expect to live. |
| infant mortality | the total number of deaths in a year among infants under 1 year of age for every 1,000 live births in a society |
| Thomas Malthus | English economist and cleric was the most famous pioneer observer of population growth with the publishing in 1798 of An Essay on the Principle of Population. Believed that the human ability to multiply far exceeds our ability to increase food produc |
| migration | a form of relocation diffusion involving a permanent move to a new location |
| pandemic | an epidemic that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population at the same time |
| physiological density | the number of people supported by a unit area of arable land. |
| pull factors | a factor that induces people to move to a new location |
| push factors | a factor that induces people to leave old locations. |
| rate of natural increase (NIR - Natural Increase Rate) | the percentage by which a population grows in a year, excluding growth by migration |
| refugees | people who are forced to migrate from their home country and cannot return for fear of persecution because of their race, religion, nationality, membership in a social group, or political opinion |
| replacement level fertility | the level of fertility at which a population exactly replaces itself from one generation to the next |
| step migration | migration to a distant destination that occurs in stages, for example, from farm to nearby village and later to town and city |
| transnational migration | a process of movement and settlement across international borders in which individuals maintain or build multiple networks of connection to their country of origin while at the same time settling in a new country |
| voluntary migration | permanent movement undertaken by choice |
| zero population growth (ZPG) | a decline of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate equals zero. |
Created by:
BOB THE BUILDER892
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