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Unit 4 Vocab Part 1
4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| State | Formal term for a country that must meet certain requirements: Defined territory with borders, Permanent population, and Government. |
| Nation | A group of people with a common identity through shared cultural traits such as language, religion, ethnicity, and heritage. |
| Nation-State | When the borders of the nation match the borders of the state - a state with (ideally) only one nation within it. |
| Stateless Nation | Nations of people without a state to occupy. |
| Multinational State | A state with various ethnicities and cultures within its borders (multiple nations). |
| Multi State Nation | A nation of people that live in more than one state. |
| Autonomous and Semiautonomous Regions | A location within a state that is given authority to govern independently from the national government. |
| Sovereignty | A state’s authority to control its territory and govern itself. |
| Self-determination | The right of all people to govern themselves. Usually a nation, ethnicity, or former colony wants to govern themselves and establish sovereignty over their own state. Oftentimes may result in independence movements or devolution. |
| Imperialism | The dominance of one country over another country through diplomacy or force. |
| Colonialism | When a powerful country establishes settlements in a less powerful country for economic and/or political gain. |
| Independence Movements | A movement that is trying to gain political independence for some area that it thinks should be its own country. |
| Devolution | Often due to centrifugal forces, power is shifted from the central government or administration to regional authorities which are usually reflective of nations. |
| Neocolonialism | The use of economic, political, cultural or other pressures in order to control or influence other countries. |
| Shatterbelts | Instability within a region that is geographically located between states with overlapping territoriality and political power. |
| Choke Points | A strategic strait or canal which is narrow, hard to pass through and has competition for use. |
| Territoriality | The control and influence over a specific geographic space. |
| Political Boundaries | An imaginary line separating one political unit from another. |
| Relic Political Borders | Border that no longer exists, but has left some imprint on the local cultural or environmental geography. |
| Superimposed Political Borders | Border that is drawn over existing and accepted borders by an outside force. |
| Subsequent Political Borders | Borders that are drawn in areas that have been settled by people, typically due to changes that have occurred over time. |
| Antecedent Political Borders | Borders that are established before there has been major settlement by people in a territory. |
| Geometric Political Borders | Borders that are established on straight lines of latitude and longitude instead of physical or cultural boundaries. |
| Consequent Political Borders | Type of subsequent boundary - takes into account the existing cultural distribution of the people living in the territory and redevelops boundary lines to more closely align with cultural boundaries. |