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Civil War Begins
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Fort Sumter: | A sea fort in Charleston, South Carolina, where the first shots of the American Civil War were fired on April 12, 1861. |
| Anaconda Plan: | A strategic plan by the Union to defeat the Confederacy by blockading southern ports and controlling the Mississippi River, effectively “squeezing” the South. |
| Plunder: | To steal goods, often during a time of war or conflict. |
| Ulysses S. Grant: | The 18th President of the United States and a Union general during the Civil War, known for leading the Union Army to victory. |
| George McClellan: | A Union general during the Civil War who was known for his organizational skills but criticized for his hesitant tactics in battle. |
| Confederacy: | The group of southern states that seceded from the Union during the Civil War, forming their own government. |
| Battle of Shiloh: | A significant battle in the Civil War fought in April 1862, resulting in a Union victory but with heavy casualties on both sides. |
| Robert E. Lee: | The commanding general of the Confederate Army known for his leadership and military tactics during the Civil War. |
| Thomas J. Jackson: | A Confederate general known as “Stonewall” Jackson for his steadfastness during battles, particularly at the First Battle of Bull Run. |
| Hygiene: | Practices and conditions that promote health and cleanliness, especially important in military camps during the Civil War. |
| William Tecumseh Sherman: | A Union general known for his “March to the Sea,” which aimed to destroy the South’s will to fight by targeting civilian infrastructure. |
| Border States: | The slave states that did not secede from the Union during the Civil War, including Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri. |
| Battle of Antietam: | Fought on September 17, 1862, this battle was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, leading to a tactical draw but a strategic Union victory. |
| Seven Days Battle: | A series of battles in June and July 1862, during which Confederate forces led by Robert E. Lee drove Union forces away from Richmond, Virginia. |
| First Battle of Bull Run: | The first major battle of the Civil War, fought on July 21, 1861, resulting in a Confederate victory and dispelling the illusion of a quick war. |
| Enlist: | To sign up for military service. |
| Monitor and Merrimack: | Two ironclad warships that fought in the first battle between ironclads during the Civil War, marking a significant advancement in naval technology. |
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