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Unit 2 - 13 Colonies
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anne Hutchinson | A Puritan who held prayer meetings with women to talk about her views on Christianity. She was banished from Massachusetts and settled in Rhode Island with her family. |
| Apprentice | A person who is working to learn a skilled craft. |
| The Atlantic Slave Trade | This was the trade that carried enslaved African people to the Americas. The ships followed the Middle Passage on the triangular trade route. |
| Bacon’s Rebellion | Led by Nathaniel Bacon, this was an armed rebellion of indentured servants and enslaved Africans in Virginia. The rebellion led to a decrease in indentured servants and an increase in the use of enslaved Africans. |
| Cash Crop | This is a crop that is grown to be sold and not used by the farmer. |
| Colony | This is an area that is controlled politically by another country. |
| Fundamental Orders of Connecticut | These were a set of orders created to set up the government of Connecticut. |
| Fur Trade | This refers to the trading that occurred between Native Americans and colonists. Beaver pelts were the most common fur traded. |
| House of Burgesses | This was the assembly of elected representatives in Virginia. It was one of the early governments of the English colonies. |
| Import | This means to bring goods into a country from another country. |
| Indentured Servant | These were individuals from Europe who became servants in the colonies in exchange for paid passage to the colonies. Indentured servants generally served 7 to 10 years and were given a plot of land after their service was finished. |
| Indigo | This cash crop was grown for its use in blue dye. |
| Iroquois Confederacy | This was the alliance of the six Native American nations of Upper New York State. The Confederation was meant to settle disagreements and prevent war between the tribes. |
| James Oglethorpe | He was the founder of Georgia in 1732. He hoped to send the prisoners of Great Britain to Georgia for a new start. |
| Jamestown | This was the first permanent English settlement in America. Founded in 1607, it was mainly settled by unprepared Englishmen, and it struggled in its early years. |
| King Philip’s (Metacom’s War) | A war between English settlers and Native Americans during the 17th century. Some tribes were allied with the British, and others fought against the British. The war ended when Metacom was captured and the Native Americans lost more land as a result. |
| Massachusetts Bay Colony | This was one of the founding English colonies in the Americas. Originally settled by Pilgrims, the colony was quickly overtaken by Puritans.. This English settlement would go on to become the state of Massachusetts. |
| Mayflower | This ship transported the first English settlers to the Americas. These settlers (Pilgrims) founded the Plymouth Colony. |
| Mayflower Compact | This was the agreement signed between the Pilgrims and non-Pilgrims on the Mayflower ship. It was made to prevent disagreements on how the new government should be run. |
| Mercantilism | |
| Middle Colonies | |
| Middle Passage | This was the route slave ships filled with Africans took from Africa to the Americas. |
| Nathaniel Bacon | |
| Navigation Acts | These laws were created to regulate trade between Britain and other countries, including its colonies. Colonists had to sell sugar, tobacco and cotton to the British, goods bought by colonists had to go through Britain for a tax. |
| New England Colonies | |
| Parliament | This is the type of government used in Britain. |
| Peter Stuyvesant | He was the leader of New Netherlands until he surrendered the colony to the British. |
| Patroon | These were owners of large areas of land in the colonies of New York and New Jersey who rented land out to be farmed. |
| Pilgrims | These were English settlers who fled to the Americas on the Mayflower seeking religious freedom. They settled in the Plymouth Colony. |
| Peter Minuit | He was a Dutch governor of New Netherlands who organised the purchase of Manhattan Island from the Lenape Native Americans for the Dutch. |
| Plantation | A cash crop focused farm that usually used enslaved African labor. |
| Pocahontas | She was a Native American woman known for her friendship with members of the Jamestown colony. She married an English settler named John Rolfe, and traveled to England where she died. |
| Puritans | A religious group from Britain who traveled to the New England colonies for religious freedom. They founded the Massachusetts Bay colony in 1630. |
| Quakers | |
| Race Based Slavery | A system of slavery where people are enslaved based on their assigned racial group. |
| Southern Colonies | The Southern colonies included Maryland, Virginia, Carolina, and Georgia. |
| The Planter Class | |
| Triangular Trade | This was the network of trade routes that existed between West Africa, the Americas, and Britain during the colonial era. |
| Whaling | This colonial industry revolves around tracking and killing whales. Whales were used for their meat and their blubber (fat). The blubber was turned into oil for lamps. |
| William Penn | He was a Quaker who founded the colony of Pennsylvania. |
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