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The Great Depression
Unit 19
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is a bull market? | when the stock market value goes up |
| what is a bear market? | when the stock market goes down |
| what is a hoboe? | men who "hopped the rails" looking for work |
| what happened on Black Tuesday? | The worst day of all!!; while some stocks recovered for brief periods of time, stock prices fell lower and lower over the next few weeks |
| Hawley - Smoot Tariff: | protective, increased many duties so that other countries could not sell their goods here and get American currency |
| What happened during the dust bowl and what was it? | a period in time when all the west was affected, (mostly Texas, Kansas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, and Colorado) by massive dirt storms/clouds causing them to lose their homes and needing to move; some stayed |
| Food Administration: | fed the starving in Belgium and N. France after WW1 |
| What was the Federal Farm Board? | created by Hoover; it would buy surpluses and keep them off the market until prices rose, but it was ineffective in keeping prices up because farmers just planted more crops |
| Who was Alfred E. Smith? | Lead the Empire State building project to creat jobs; opposed the FDR |
| what is "on margin"? | purchasing stocks by paying a small down payment (often just 10% to 20%) and borrowing the remaining 80% to 90% from a broker |
| What is a bonus army | 20,000 to 43,000 WW1 veterans demanded immediate cash redemption |
| what was direct relief? | financial aid, food, and basic supplies given to struggling people by the government |
| what was rugged individualism? | the belief that people should succeed through their own private effort without help from the Federal Government |
| what were Hoovervilles? | shantytowns made of cardboard cartons and wood scraps erected on vacant lots; made by the homeless seeking shelter |
| The Grapes of Wrath: | law passed in 1939 to prevent migrants into CA - was declared unconstitutional in 1941 |
| What were sharecroppers? | poor farmers who rented small plots of land in exchange for a share of the crops they grew |
| What was the Patman Bill? | made to give all WW1 veterans their cash payment |
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Staywithme
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