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8th Unit 1 -Mitchell
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are two ways railroad connections have made moving West easier and more profitable? | The Transcontinental Railroad made it easier for people to travel from East to West. The railroads also allowed crops, raw materials, and finished goods to be easily transported across the country. |
| How did the Homestead Act motivate Americans to move West? | The law allowed heads of households to claim 160 acres of land that was free as long as settlers lived on it for at least five years |
| Why did people who were not wealthy in the East think they would find the American Dream in the West? | The west was more affordable, and there was more opportunity. They could own homes and land |
| What are two reasons thousands of single women moved West during this time? | They could receive land in their own names under the Homestead Act. They could find financial security. They could find adventure. They could be missionaries or teachers |
| Who were the Exodusters? | The Exodusters were Black Americans from Southern states who were looking to find a better life |
| Why was the West, especially Kansas, appealing to Black Americans after Reconstruction? | The Homestead Act made it possible for them to become property owners. Kansas was a free state and was closer and easier to get to than many states in the West |
| What are two resources that were lacking in the West? | water and wood |
| What is the name of the famous essay written by Fredrick Jackson Turner? | “The Significance of the Frontier in American History” |
| What was the thesis, or main point, or Turner’s essay? | The frontier was the crux of American history, beckoning settlers to “the meeting point between savagery and civilization.” |
| How were nomadic tribes and nations impacted by westward expansion and the slaughter of the buffalo? | Nomadic tribes used to follow buffalo but now were expected to live in one place. Settlers began hunting buffalo for their hides and tongues which led to the buffalo being almost completely wiped out. |
| During the late 1800s, what did many leaders believe was the best solution for Native Americans? | To assimilate into American-white, Christian-society |
| What three things did Richard Henry Pratt believe Native Americans should do? | He believed they should renounce their tribal way of life, convert to Christianity, and claim their place as American citizens |
| What was the purpose of the Dawes Act? | This law started the process of dividing land on reservations into private property tracts held by individual Native Americans. It was meant to have Native American people “assume a capitalist and proprietary relationship with property. |
| Due to the relentless push by settlers westward, what happened to many treaties made by the U.S. with Native America tribes? | They were broken |
| Why was President Grant’s “peace policy” unsuccessful? | Many Native American people had no interest in moving to reservations, farming, converting to Christianity, or becoming U.S. citizens. |
| While it was originally called a battle, what is Wounded Knee now considered? | A massacre |
| How did Black Codes impact formerly enslaved people in the U.S.? | Black Codes restricted where Black people could live, how they might buy property, conduct a business, or move from place to place. They could be arrested for vagrancy and other petty crimes |
| Why did the Civil Rights Act of 1875 ultimately fail to protect Black Americans? | The Supreme Court later ruled that two sections of the law were unconstitutional and stated that local and state governments are the only ones that can regulate the behavior of private individuals |
| How did the Plessy v. Ferguson ruling impact laws in southern states especially? | Jim Crow laws were officially made legal, and more laws were implemented to separate White and Black people across the U.S. and limit Black Americans from participating in many aspects of life, including voting |
| How did the new 1898 Louisiana Constitution support the “purification of the electorate”? | The new constitution established the supremacy of the White race in a legal way. As a result, new barriers were put in place to prevent all Black citizens and some poor White citizens from voting |
| This person encouraged Black Americans to improve their lives through work and financial prosperity and prove their worth to White society. | Booker T. Washington |
| This person focused on uplifting the Black race through work, education, and efforts in the community. | Mary Church Terrell |
| This person spoke internationally about lynching and other injustices suffered by Black Americans, creating investigative reporting techniques that are still used today. | Ida B. Wells |
| This person was a strong advocate for true equality between the races and publicly opposed Booker T. Washington’s conservative approach. | W.E.B. DuBois |
| How did the Supreme Court's decision in Plessy v. Ferguson help Jim Crow laws continue? | The decision allowed states to legally separate people by race as long as the facilities were supposedly equal. This gave Jim Crow segregation legal support and allowed racial separation to continue for decades. |
| Jim Crow | Laws of segregation |
| Plessy | Supreme Court gives segregation legal support |
| Brown | Supreme Court begins dismantling school segregation |
| Land grant | Land given by the government for a specific purpose |
| First Morrill Act | Land provided to help establish colleges and universities |
| Second Morrill Act | Expanded funding and educational opportunities, including for African Americans |
| NAACP | Civil rights organization founded to fight discrimination |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | Allowed segregation under "separate but equal" |
| Which leader believed African Americans should demand equal rights immediately, and which leader believed education and economic independence should come first? | W.E.B DuBois supported demanding equal rights immediately, while Booker T. Washington emphasized education, job skills, and economic independence. |
Created by:
Laurengstevens
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