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Study Guide 1
AP Human Geo Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Fieldwork | When geographers go out in the fields and observe people's varying actions. |
| Human Geography | The study of people and places. |
| Globalization | A set of processes that are increasing interactions, deepening relationships, and heightening interdependence without regard to country borders. |
| Physical Geography | The study of physical phenomena on earth. |
| Spatial | The perspective used to map out and organize places on earth. |
| Spatial distribution | The mapping term for spatial. |
| Pattern | The design of a spatial distribution. |
| Medical Geography | The study of health and medicine within a geographical perspective. |
| Pandemic | A worldwide outbreak of disease. |
| Epidemic | A regional outbreak of disease. |
| Five themes | Location, human-environment, region, place, and movement. |
| Spatial perspective | The observation of variations in geographic phenomena across space. |
| Location | Highlights how the geographical position of people and things on the Earth's surface affects what happens and why. |
| Location theory | An element of contemporary human geography that asks questions relating to locational origin. |
| Human-environmental interactions | The reciprocal relationships between humans and environments. |
| Region | An area on the Earth's surface marked by a degree of formal, functional, and perceptual homogeneity of some phenomenon. |
| Place | Studied on its unique characteristics and meanings. |
| Sense of place | Developed when people connect with a place through meaning and emotion. |
| Perceptions of place | Developed through what we see and hear like books, movies, stories, pictures, etc. |
| Movement | Refers to the mobility of people, goods and ideas across the surface of the planet. |
| Spatial interaction | Studies dynamic relationships between places. |
| Connectivity | The degree of linkage between locations in a network. |
| Landscape | Refers to the material character of a place, the complex of natural and human features, and focuses on what gives it its particular form. |
| Cultural landscape | The visible imprint of human activity on the landscape. |
| Sequent occupance | Referring to sequential imprints of occupants, whose impacts are layer on top of the other. |
| Cartography | The art and science of making maps. |
| Reference maps | Shows locations of places and geographic features. |
| Thematic maps | Tells stories showing the degree of some attribute or the movement of a geographic phenomenon. |
| Absolute location | The precise coordinates of something on earth. |
| Relative location | Describes a place in relation to other human and physical features. |
| Global Positioning System (GPS) | Helps locate things on Earth's surface with extraordinary accuracy. |
| Mental map | A map in our minds of places we've been to and heard of. |
| Activity space | A place we travel to routinely in our rounds of daily activity. |
| Remote sensing | A tool geographers use to study a place from a distance. |
| Geographic Information System (GIS) | Used to compare and analyze spatial data in a digitized representation of the environment. |
| Scale | The territorial extent of something. |
| Rescale | To involve players at other scales and create a global outcry of support for their position. |
| Formal region | A region with a shared cultural or physical trait. |
| Functional region | A region defined by a particular set of activities or interactions that occur within it. |
| Perceptual region | An intellectual construct to help understand the nature and distribution of human geographical phenomenon. |
| Culture | A broad spectrum of features in life, identifying not only the lifestyles of a people but their prevailing values and beliefs. |
| Culture trait | A single attribute of a culture. |
| Culture complex | A discrete combination of culture traits. |
| Cultural hearth | An area where cultural traits develop and from which the cultural traits diffuse. |
| Independent invention | A trait with many hearths that developed independent of each other. |
| Cultural diffusion | The process of dissemination-the spread of an idea or innovation from its source area (hearth) to other places. |
| Time-distance decay | Occurs when the acceptance of an innovation becomes less likely the longer it takes to reach its potential adopters. |
| Cultural barrier | Forms when certain innovations, ideas, or practices are not acceptable in particular cultures. |
| Expansion diffusion | When an innovation or idea develops in a hearth and remains strong there while also spreading outward. |
| Contagious diffusion | When nearly all adjacent individuals and places are affected. |
| Stimulus diffusion | When a cultural adaption is created as a result of a cultural trait introduced from another place. |
| Relocation diffusion | When individuals who have already adopted the idea or innovation carry it to a new place to disseminate it. |
| Environmental determinism | Argues that human behavior is strongly affected/determined by the physical environment, introduced by Friedrich Ratzel (1844-1904) |
| Isotherns | The connecting paths of equal temperature values. |
| Political ecology | An area of inquiry fundamentally concerned with the environmental consequences of dominant political economic arrangements and understandings. |
| Cultural ecology | An area of inquiry concerned with culture as a system of adaptation to and alteration of environment. |
| Possibilism | Argues that the natural environment merely serves to limit the range of choices available to a culture. |
Created by:
nyanundercover
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