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Pre-WWII 2026
US II Flashcards that focus on Pre-WWII.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Political Instability | A condition of frequent changes in government, weak leadership, or civil unrest that leaves a nation vulnerable to takeover by extremist movements. |
| Economic Crisis (1930s) | A severe downturn in a nation's economy — falling production, mass unemployment, and collapsing trade — that made citizens desperate and open to radical political solutions. |
| Nationalism | Intense pride in and devotion to one's own nation, often paired with a belief in its superiority over others — used by leaders like Hitler and Mussolini to unify and mobilize populations. |
| Ideology | A system of ideas and beliefs about how society, government, and the economy should be organized — e.g., democracy, fascism, or communism. |
| Democracy | A system of government in which citizens hold power, typically through free elections and representative institutions. |
| Fascism | A far-right, authoritarian ideology marked by dictatorial power, extreme nationalism, suppression of opposition, and often militarism — practiced by Mussolini's Italy and Hitler's Germany. |
| Militarism | The belief that a country should maintain a strong military and be prepared to use it aggressively to achieve national goals. |
| Communism | An economic and political ideology calling for a classless society where property and production are owned collectively, often achieved through one-party rule — as in Stalin's Soviet Union. |
| Propaganda | Information, often biased or misleading, spread deliberately to promote a political cause or point of view and shape public opinion. |
| Treaty of Versailles | The 1919 peace agreement ending WWI that imposed harsh reparations and territorial losses on Germany — resentment over it helped fuel German nationalism and Hitler's rise. |
| Great Depression | A severe worldwide economic downturn beginning in 1929, marked by mass unemployment, bank failures, and poverty, which destabilized governments and fueled extremist movements globally. |
| Political Instability in Europe and Asia | Widespread weakening of governments across Europe (e.g., Weimar Germany, Fascist Italy) and Asia (e.g., militarist Japan) in the 1930s, which allowed authoritarian and expansionist regimes to seize and consolidate power. |
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