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APHG 1st vocab test
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Sustainability | using resources in a way that ensures their availability in the future |
| Map | a flat scale drawing or graphic representation to show where things are & how they connect |
| Absolute distance | the exact physical space or measurement between two points |
| Relative distance | How far apart things feel or cost based on human experience, technology, or travel methods |
| Direction | the course along which something moves or faces |
| Clustering | the process of grouping similar objects or data points together |
| Dispersal | where people, objects, or features are spread apart in a geographic area |
| distortion | change in shape, size, distance, or direction |
| elevation | the height of a feature or location above sea level |
| Geographic Information Systems (GIS) | computer systems that capture, store, analyze, and display data tied to specific locations on Earth |
| Global Positioning System (GPS) | a satellite that determines the exact absolute location of something on Earth |
| Geographic Information Science | the study of the computers that capture data about the Earth |
| Remote sensing | Collecting data about Earth's surface without physically touching it |
| Absolute location | the exact spot of a place on Earth |
| Relative location | where a place is compared to other places nearby |
| Site | the internal, physical and human-made features of a specific location |
| Situation | where a place is in relation to how it connects and how accessible it is to other places |
| Space | the physical gap between to things on Earth's surface |
| Place | a specific point on Earth |
| Flows | the movement of people, goods, info, and ideas from one place to another |
| Distance decay | the core geographic principle that interaction between two places decreases as the distance between them increases |
| Time-space compression | advances in technology reduce the time and cost required to interact with far away places, making them seem closer |
| Pattern | the observable, geometric arrangement of objects, features, or phenomena across Earth's surface |
| Natural resources | materials from the physical environment |
| Land use | how humans modify the Earth's surface |
| Environmental determinism | the belief that human behaviors are caused by the environment around them |
| Possibilism | the belief that the environment sets limits, but humans can overcome those limits |
| Scale of analysis | how data about the Earth is grouped on a map |
| map scale | the mathematical ratio between map distance and real-world distance |
| Formal region | an area defined by one or more measurable, shared characteristics that stay consistent throughout the entire space |
| Functional region | an area organized around a focal point or node |
| Perceptual/vernacular region | an area defined by cultural beliefs |
| Spatial association | the relationship between the distribution of one feature and the distribution of another feature on Earth's surface |
| Latitude | the measurement of distance north or south of the Equator, measured in degrees along horizontal lines called parallels |
| Longitude | measures a location's east or west position in degrees from the Prime Meridian |
| Parallel | a circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator that measures latitude |
| Meridian | an imaginary line of longitude running vertically from the North Pole to the South Pole to measure distance east or west |
| Prime Meridian | the imaginary line of 0° longitude that runs from the North Pole to the South Pole |
| equator | an imaginary line at 0 degrees latitude that circles Earth horizontally and divides the planet into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres |
| Renewable resource | a natural resource that can be renewed by the Earth faster than humans consume it |
| Resource | a resource in the environment that is useful to people |
| Toponym | the name given to a place on Earth |
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