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GSE 3:CONSTITUTION
GSE GOV Unit 3: US Constitution
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| U.S. Constitution | Supreme Law of the land, written in 1787 it lays out the structure of the US goverment breaking up power into 3 branches. Has been amended 27 times. |
| 3 branches of US gov | Legislative, Executive, Judicial |
| Legislative Branch (Congress) | the branch that makes the laws; it is BICAMERAL meaning this branch is divided into two houses: House of Representatives and the Senate |
| Executive Branch (President) | the branch of government that carries out laws, at the national level this is the President, at state level this would be a Governor, at local level a Mayor |
| Judicial Branch (Supreme Court) | interprets the constitution and other laws, Judges and lawyers work here. Supreme Court is the highest court in US |
| House of Representatives | the lower house of Congress, consisting of 435 representatives from each state, depending on population-House is based on population, more people a state has the more representatives they get |
| U.S. Senate | the upper house of the U.S. Congress, 100 members-based on equal representation which means each state has 2 senators |
| 3/5 Compromise | A compromise reached during the Constitutional Convention of 1787 in which three-fifths of the enslaved population was counted for the purpose of apportioning seats in the U.S. House of Representatives. |
| Great Compromise | This compromise was between the large and small states. The Great Compromise resolved that there would be representation by population in the House of Representatives, and equal representation would exist in the Senate. |
| Commerce Clause | The clause in the Constitution (Article I, Section 8, Clause 1) that gives Congress the power to regulate all business activities that cross state lines or affect more than one state or other nations. GIVE CONGRESS A LOT OF POWER |
| Articles of Confederation | 1st Constitution of the U.S. 1781-1788 (weaknesses-no executive, no judicial, no power to tax, no power to regulate trade)-SUPER WEAK |
| Limited Government | A principle of constitutional government; a government whose powers are defined and limited by a constitution. |
| Rule of Law | principle that the law applies to everyone, even those who govern |
| Federalism (federal system) | system of government in which the national government and state governments SHARE power and derive all authority from the people |
| seperation of powers | dividing the powers of government among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches |
| checks and balances | A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power |
| popular sovereignity | the idea that political power belongs to the people |
| Ratification of the Constitution | required 9 out of 13 states to ratify (approve) it to become law. Constitution replaced Articles of Confederation and became law of the land |
| Federalists | A term used to describe supporters of the Constitution during ratification debates in state legislatures. |
| Anti-Federalists | Opponents of the American Constitution at the time when the states were contemplating its adoption. Said it would make National government TOO powerful |
| Federalist Papers | Written by Hamilton, Jay, & Madison to support ratification of the U.S. Constituiton, 85 total articles |
Created by:
MrStJohn
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