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Review WWII Causes
Diana Muñoz, 10 Olivos
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Munich Conference | The 1938 meeting where Britain and France allowed Germany to take part of Czechoslovakia to keep the peace. |
| Communism | The political party in the Soviet Union that sought to eliminate private property and put the state in charge of all industry. |
| Five Year Plan | A series of centralized government economic goals designed to rapidly industrialize the Soviet Union. |
| Lebensraum | The ideological belief that Germany needed to conquer "living space" in Eastern Europe for its superior race. |
| Weimar Republic | The weak and unstable democratic government in Germany that existed between the end of WWI and the rise of the Nazis. |
| Kulaks | The relatively wealthy peasants who were targeted for execution or imprisonment because they resisted government farming policies. |
| Gulag | The network of forced labor camps in the Soviet Union where political prisoners and "enemies of the state" were sent. |
| Nazi | The far-right political party that promoted extreme nationalism, racism, and the total rebuilding of the German military. |
| SS | The elite paramilitary force that served as the dictator's personal bodyguards and managed the concentration camps. |
| Hirohito | The Emperor of Japan who was viewed as a god-like figure by his people during the nation’s military expansion. |
| Lend and Lease | The program that allowed the U.S. to send weapons and supplies to Allied nations whose defense was vital to American security. |
| Luftwaffe | The German air force that was secretly rebuilt and then used to dominate the skies during early invasions. |
| Stalin | The brutal dictator of the Soviet Union who turned the country into an industrial power through fear and total government control. |
| Abyssinia | The African nation invaded by Italy in 1935, showing the world that the League of Nations was powerless to stop aggression. |
| Goebbels | The Minister of Propaganda who controlled the media and used films and rallies to spread hate and glorify the German leader. |
| Embargo | A government ban on trade, specifically the U.S. restriction on oil and steel that pressured Japan before the war. |
| Block Wardens | Local neighborhood officials in Germany who spied on citizens to ensure they were loyal to the party and following all rules. |
| Reichstag | The German parliament building that was destroyed by fire in 1933, an event used to justify the removal of civil liberties. |
| Pearl Harbor | The location of the surprise Japanese attack on the U.S. Navy that brought the United States into the war. |
| Chancellor | The high-ranking government position the German leader was appointed to in 1932 before seizing total control. |
| Hitler | The charismatic dictator of Germany who rose to power through the Nazi Party and started World War II in Europe. |
| Dawes Plan | An American economic program in the 1920s designed to help Germany pay its war reparations and stabilize its economy. |
| Tripartite Pact | The 1940 agreement that formally linked Germany, Italy, and Japan as the Axis Powers. |
| Cash and Carry | A U.S. policy allowing warring nations to buy goods if they paid upfront and transported the items themselves. |
| Tojo | The military general and prime minister of Japan who was the primary architect of the country's war efforts. |
| Appeasement | The policy of giving in to an aggressor's demands in hopes of avoiding a larger conflict or war. |
| Holodomor | The man-made starvation in the early 1930s that killed millions of people in the Soviet Union’s breadbasket. |
| Famine | A widespread and extreme shortage of food, often used as a political weapon to crush resistance in the Soviet Union. |
| Rhineland | The demilitarized zone in western Germany that was remilitarized in 1936 in defiance of the Treaty of Versailles. |
| Manchuria | The resource-rich region of China invaded by Japan in 1931, marking the first major step toward war in the Pacific. |
| Sudetenland | The German-speaking region of Czechoslovakia that was handed over to Germany during the policy of appeasement. |
| Mussolini | The Italian leader known as "Il Duce" who founded the Fascist Party and allied with Germany. |
| Ukraine | The Soviet republic that suffered most heavily during the forced starvation and agricultural changes of the 1930s. |
| Non-Agression Pact | The 1939 "secret" Pact between Germany and the Soviet Union promising not to attack each other and to retake Poland together. |
| Washington Naval Conference | This Conference was between major world powers in 1921-1922 to limit the size of their navies and prevent an arms race. |
| Gestapo | The secret state police in Germany that used terror and spying to eliminate any opposition to the government. |
| Hitler Youth | The organization used to indoctrinate German children with Nazi ideology and prepare boys for military service. |
| Kelloggbriand Pact | An international Pact in which signatory nations promised not to use war to solve problems and to only go to war if personally attacked |
| Great Purge | A campaign of political repression in the Soviet Union during the 1930s aimed at removing all suspected rivals and "enemies." |
| Poland | The country invaded by Germany on September 1, 1939, which officially triggered the start of World War II. |
| Enabling Act | The 1933 law that gave the German leader the power to make laws without the consent of parliament, establishing a legal dictatorship. |
| Collectivization | The policy of seizing private farms and combining them into large, state-run agricultural units. |
| NKVD | The Soviet secret police responsible for carrying out arrests, executions, and mass deportations under the dictator's orders. |
| Beer Hall Putsch | The failed 1923 attempt by the Nazi Party to overthrow the government in Munich, resulting in their leader's imprisonment. |
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