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BAS revision
Ancient/Modern names
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Tell Asmar | Eshnunna |
| Tell Leilan | Shubat Enlil |
| Tell Hariri | Mari |
| Halab/Aleppo | Yamhad |
| Salinisation | Water containing amounts of salt is used to irrigate fields, the water evaporates and the salt is left behind. Over time the salt accumulates and damages the soil. |
| Tell Mardikh | Ebla |
| Warka | Uruk |
| Puabi | High status woman buried in the royal cemetary of Ur with an intricate headdress of lapis lazuli, gold, other precious stones, as well as attendants, musical instruments and other rich objects. Thought to be a queen. Excavated by Leonard Woolley. |
| Fara | Shurupakk (one of our biggest sources of info/materials from mid-third millennium BCE, ED period) |
| Tello | Girsu ((one of our biggest sources of info/materials from mid-second millennium BCE, ED period) |
| Henri Frankfort | -Early to mid 20th century historian -Wrote most comprehensive study on glyptic imagery analysis of cylinder seals, though his work is now outdated it has not been replicated on his scale yet |
| Denise Schmandt-Besserat | Believes tokens on bulla were the first iterations that would eventually develop into writing/protocuneiform |
| Lucy Bennison-Chapman | Tokens appear earlier than thought Tokens used for more than just accounting/keeping track of agricultural products, but for variety of needs like counting activities No evidence that in the neolithic they formed part of a unified symbolic system |
| Benjamin R. Foster | Came up with ‘temple state’ hypothesis Believed temples owned most of the agricultural land in and around cities in the mid-third millennium, controlled the economies Rulers derived their authority from managing the temples/households of the gods |
| Roger Matthews | Fact that cultic statues toured from city to city during yearly rituals suggests a high level of interconnectedness + cooperation between cities + shared religion The seal of the city (as the property of the god) would stay with them |
| Tell al-Muqayyar | Ur |
| Leonard Woolley | Discovered the royal cemetery of Ur |
| Methods of Akkadian control | -Centralized taxation -Introduction of year names -Standardized weights -Admin reform (ensi/shagina) -Military reform -Crushed great rebellions -Propaganda (statues, literature, etc) |
| Elizabeth Stone | -Longue durée of mesopotamian culture + collapse, society continuing on through different systems and 'empires' |
| Piotr Michalowski | Writing and bureaucracy were a ways that the Ur III state exercised control and oversight |
| Claudia Suter | Gudea of Lagash depicts himself as a pious king focused on enriching his city through diplomacy, trade, and subservience to the gods. conscious move away from Sargonic dynasty which was focused on conquest, as that attitude may have become unpopular |
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daydreaming-ghost
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