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Cold War
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Containment | The U.S. policy to stop the spread of communism anywhere in the world |
| Détente | A period in the 1970s where tensions between the US and USSR relaxed |
| Post War Divisions | The split of Europe and Germany into East (communist, Soviet-led) and West (democratic, US-aligned) zones |
| The Domino Theory | The belief that if one country fell to communism, surrounding countries would also fall |
| The Iron Curtain | A term used by Winston Churchill describing the symbolic and physical barrier dividing Europe |
| Truman Doctrine | A promise that the US would provide aid to any country fighting against communist takeover |
| Marshall Plan | Massive US economic aid to rebuild Western Europe, preventing it from turning to communism |
| Cold War Alliances | NATO (Western nations) vs. Warsaw Pact (Soviet bloc) |
| Berlin Blockade/ Berlin Airlift | The Soviets blocked land access to West Berlin; the US responded by flying in supplies for over a year |
| The Berlin Wall | A wall built in 1961 dividing East and West Berlin to stop people from escaping to the West |
| The Korean War | A conflict (1950-1953) where the US/UN fought to stop communist North Korea from taking over South Korea |
| Red Scare/McCarthyism | Widespread fear of communist influence in the US, fueled by Senator Joseph McCarthy's wild accusations |
| Arms Race/Nuclear Test Ban Treaty | A competition to build better weapons, followed by a 1963 treaty to stop nuclear tests in the atmosphere |
| The Space Race | A competition for space exploration superiority between the USA and the USS |
| The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution | A 1964 act by Congress that gave President Johnson authority to increase US involvement in Vietnam |
| Public Opinion of the Vietnam War | People in the US became increasingly divided and strongly opposed to the war |
| The Tet Offensive | A massive 1968 surprise attack by North Vietnam, showing the US was not winning the war |
| The Kent State Shootings | A 1970 anti-war protest at a university where national guardsmen shot and killed four students |
| The Pentagon Papers | Secret government documents leaked in 1971 that proved the government had been lying to the public about the Vietnam |
| The Vietnam War | A long war (1964-1975) where the US tried to prevent communist North Vietnam from taking over South Vietnam |
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