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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Clipper ship (noun) | A ship with sleek hulls and tall sails that "clipped" time from long journeys. |
| Telegraph (noun) | A device that used electric signals to send messages. |
| Morse Code (noun) | A system for sending messages using dots and dashes representing letters of the alphabet, numbers, and punctuation. |
| Innovation (noun) | A new development or innvention. |
| Transform (verb) | To change significantly. |
| Trade Union (noun) | Group of workers with the same skill or trade. |
| Strike (noun) | A work stoppage by employees as a protest against an employer. |
| Famine (noun) | An extreme shortage of food. |
| Nativist (noun) | Belief that native-born Americans are superior to foreigners. |
| Community (noun) | Group of people who live in the same area. |
| License (verb) | To give official authority to do something. |
| Productivity (noun) | A measure of how much a worker can produce within a given amount of time and effort; the degree to which resources are being used efficiently to produce goods and services. |
| Process (verb) | To prepare. |
| Domestic Slave Trade (noun) | The trade of enslaved people within the United States. |
| Consequence (noun) | Effect or result of. |
| Yeoman (noun) | Farmer who owns a small farm. |
| Overseer (noun) | A plantation manager. |
| Spiritual (noun) | An African American religious folk song. |
| Slave Codes (noun) | Rules focusing on the behavior and punishment of enslaved people; laws in Southern states that controlled enslaved people. |
| Underground Railroad (noun) | A system of cooperation to aid and house enslaved people who had escaped. |
| Literacy (noun) | The ability to read and write. |
| Legal (adjective) | Permitted by law. |
| Brief (adjective) | Short. |