Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
APUSH Part 5
Struggling for Justice at Home and Abroad (1901-1945)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Social Gospel | A branch of progressivism based on Christian teachings. They use religious doctrine to demand better housing and living conditions for the urban poor |
| Muckrakers | Term for young reporters who exposed the scandals of the industrial world. This name was given to them by President Roosevelt in 1906. They wrote novels including “The Shame of the Cities” and “The Jungle” |
| Initiative | Method where voters could directly propose legislation themselves, avoiding the boss-bought state legislatures |
| Referendum | Device that placed laws on the ballot for final approval by the people especially laws that concerned free spending of big businesses |
| Recall | Enabled voters to remove faithless elected officials, particularly those who had been bribed |
| Austrian Ballot (Secret Ballot) | This introduced a more private method of voting to prevent bribery |
| Muller v. Oregon | (1908) In this Supreme Court case, they accepted the constitutionality of laws protecting female workers by showing evidence of the harmful effects of factory labor on woman's weaker bodies |
| Lochner v. New York | (1905) The Supreme Court invalidated a New York law establishing a 10-hour day for bakers and in 1917, the 10-hour day was upheld |
| Elkins Act | (1903) This act aimed to impose heavy fines on railroads that gave rebates (partial refund) and on the shippers that accepted them |
| Meat Inspection Act | (1906) This act declared that the preparation of meat shipped over state lines would be subject to federal inspection |
| Pure Food and Drug Act | (1906) This act was designed to prevent the adulteration and mislabeling of foods and pharmaceuticals |
| Hetch Hetchy Valley | A valley in Yosemite National Park that caused much controversy over environmental preservation |
| Dollar Diplomacy | This system encouraged Wall Street bankers to sluice their surplus dollars into foreign areas of strategic concern to the United states |
| Payne-Aldrich Bill | This bill increased tariffs on some goods while decreasing tariffs on others; this greatly angered many Republicans |
| New Freedom | Woodrow Wilson's program for the 1912 election; it supported stronger antitrust legislation, banking reform, and tariff reductions |
| New Nationalism | Roosevelt's program for the 1912 election; it also supported a more active government role in economic and social affairs, but his strategies conflicted with Wilson’s |
| Underwood Tariff | This tariff passed by Woodrow Wilson substantially reduced import fees and Helped lead to the 16th amendment which established A graduated income tax |
| Federal Reserve Act | (1913) This act established the Federal Reserve board which was made-up of 12 regional reserve districts each with its own central bank; they also had to issue paper money |
| Federal Trade Commission Act | (1914) This act allowed the presidentially appointed Commission to search industries engaged in Interstate commerce, they were expected to stop monopolies by rooting out unfair trade practices |
| Clayton Anti-Trust Act | (1914) This act clarified more business practices that were objectional including price discrimination and interlocking directorates |
| Holding Companies | Method where individuals served as directors of supposedly competing firms in order to gain more |
| Workingmen's Compensation Act | (1916) This act granted assistance to federal civil service employees during periods of disability |
| Adamson Act | (1916) Established an 8 hour day for all employees on trains and Interstate commerce and gave extra pay for overtime |
| Jones Act | (1916) This act granted the Philippines territorial status and promised independence once a “stable government” was established |
| Tampico Incident | (1914) Huerta (Mexican president) was greatly opposed by Wilson. Wilson wanted to use armed forces against Mexico and before Congress could stop him, he ordered navy to seize a Mexican port. Argentina, Brazil, and Chile stepped in to help US remove Huerta |
| Central Powers | World War One alliance composed of Germany and Austria Hungary, eventually joined by Turkey and Bulgaria |
| Allies | World War One alliance composed of France, Britain, and Russia, and eventually Japan and Italy |
| U-boats | another term for German submarines |
| Lusitania | (May 7, 1915) A British passenger liner was Peter then sank off the coast of Ireland by German submarines killing 1,198, including some Americans |
| Zimmermann Note | This was intercepted by the US and included a proposition of a German Mexican alliance |
| Fourteen Points | Wilson's proposal to inspire the allies and demoralize his enemies |
| Committee on Public Information | Organization formed to inspire American nationalism and convince them to support Wilson’s war aims |
| Espionage Act | (1917) Along with the Sedition Act, was enacted in response to fears about Germans and anti-war Americans |
| Schneck v. United States | (1919) Supreme Court case that ruled freedom of speech could be revoked if the speech posed a "clear and present danger" to the nation |
| War Industries Board | (est. 1918) Set a precedenet for the federal government to take a central role in economic planning in moments of crisis. However, it was disbanded just days after it was established |
| National War Labor Board | Board that encouraged less labor disputes to avoid hampering the war effort, pressing employers to grant concessions to labor, including high wages and an 8-hour day |
| Industrial Workers of the World | Organization that engineered some of the most damaging industrial sabotage in anger towards poor working conditions |
| Nineteenth Amendment | (1920) Amendment that gave all American women the right to vote |
| Sheppard-Towner Maternity Act | (1921) Provided federally financed instruction in maternal and infant health care |
| Battle of Chateau-Thierry | (1918) First significant engagement of American troops in a European war. It was significant because the French troops had been tired after fighting for years and fresh, American troops gave them hope |
| Meus-Argonne Offensive | Battle strategy that cut off railroad lines feeding the western German front |
| League of Nations | Wilson's main goal to establish an organization to establish peace and security which would be led by the great powers |
| Irreconcilables | Also known as "the Battalion of Death", militant isolationists who opposed the League of Nations |
| Treaty of Versailles | (1919) Treaty that ended WWI and forced Germany to accept blame for the war and pay reparations |
| Bolshevik Revolution | (1917) Russian revolution that led to Communists taking power |
| Red Scare | (1919-1920) American period full of fear that Communists were hidden throughout America and posed a danger to the democratic nation |
| Criminal Syndicalism Laws | (1919-1920) Anti-red statutes which made unlawful the mere advocacy of violence to secure social change |
| American Plan | Overdramatic plan to prevent Soviets and Communists from infiltrating the US |
| Bible Belt | Territory in the Midwest and South where Protestant Fundamentalism thrived |
| Immigration Act of 1924 | Decreased the number of immigrants allowed to enter the US, determined proportionally based on nation's population (ex. Britain had more immigrants than Italy) |
| Eighteenth Amendment | (1919) Amendment that established Prohibition, banning alcohol |
| Volstead Act | (1919) Another name for the Eighteenth Amendment, establishing Prohibition |
| Racketeers | People who invaded the ranks of labor unions as organizers and promoters, contributing to organized crime |
| Fundamentalism | Emphasized literal reading of the Bible and was a vibrant force on American spiritual life, especially in the Baptist Church and Churches of Christ |
| Scientific Management | Frederick W. Taylor was an engineer and inventor who sought to waste eliminate wasted motion. His epitaph says "Father of _______" |
| Fordism | Henry Fords system of a moving assembly line to make the manufacturing of cars more efficient |
| United Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) | Association that promoted the resettlement of American blacks in their own "African homeland". Within the US, they supported stores and other businesses to keep black's money in black's pockets |
| Adkins v. Children's Hospital | (1923) Supreme Court Case that opposed Muller v. Oregon; claimed that since women had the right to vote and were equals to men, they couldn't be protected by special legislation in factories |
| Nine-Power Treaty | (1922) Treaty that agreed to nail wide-open the Open Door in China |
| Kellogg-Briand Pact | (1928) Pact, also known as the Pact of Paris, that made its signing nations promise to foreswear war as an instrument of national policy |
| Fordney-McCumber Tariff Law | (1922) Law that increased tariffs to an average of 38.5%, similar to those established under Tariff of 1909 |
| Teapot Dome Scandal | (1921) Affair involving the Secretary of Interior accepting bribes to transfer naval oil reserves to the Interior Department |
| McNary-Haugen Bill | (1924-1928) Bill that sought to keep agricultural prices high by authorizing the government to buy surpluses and sell them abroad |
| Dawes Plan | (1924) Plan that rescheduled German reparations and allowed for further American private loans to Germany |
| Agricultural Marketing Act | (1929) Act that helped farmers help themselves through producer's cooperatives. It set up the Federal Farm Board which lent money to farm organizations seeking to buy, sell, and store agricultural surpluses |
| Hawley-Smoot Tariff | (1930) The highest protective tariff in the nation's peacetime history, average duty was 60% |
| Black Tuesday | (October 29, 1929) Name given to the day the stock market officially crashed, leading into the Great Depression |
| Hoovervilles | Name for shacks made of tin, cardboard, and paper during the Great Depression |
| Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) | (est. 1932) Corporation that aimed to proved indirect relief during the depression by helping insurance companies, banks, agricultural organizations, railroads, and local governments |
| Norris-La Guardia Anti-Injunction Act | (1932) Outlawed antiunion contracts and forbade the federal courts to issue injuctions to restrain strikes, boycotts, and peaceful picketing |
| Bonus Army | WWI troops that camped out in Washington in protest after being refused bonuses they were promised. Hoover sent in the military who attacked and released tear gas, causing Hoover to loose any remaining popularity |
Created by:
elawrence27
Popular U.S. History sets