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Vocab Unit 7
History
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Industrialization | The historical process of transforming a society from an agrarian, manual labor economy to one dominated by machine-driven manufacturing, technology, and factory production. |
| Mechanization | The historical process of shifting from manual, human , or animal powered labor to the use of machinery for production. |
| Urbanization | The process where an increasing % of people move from rural areas to cities causing cities to grow larger and more populated as rural land transforms into urban centers with mew infrastructure for housing, commerce, and transport. |
| Innovation | Something that improves upon or makes a significant contribution to an existing product, process, or service; a new development or invention. |
| Discrimination | Unfair treatment |
| Prejudice | An unfair opinion not based on facts |
| Free Enterprise | A tyoe of economy in which people are free to buy, sell, and produce whatever they want |
| Patent | Sole legal right to an invention and its profits |
| Canal | An artificial waterway |
| Literacy | The ability to read and write |
| Reform | Improvement or amendment of what is wrong, corrupt, unsatisfactory, etc. |
| 2nd Great Awakening | Massive Protestant religious revival in the U.S. that sparked intense evangelical fervor, high church membership, and a push for social reform. |
| Temperance | Drinking little or no alcohol |
| Labor Union | An org associated or workers formed to protest their rights, improve wages, benefits, and working conditions through collective bargaining. |
| Laissez-Faire | The 18th-century economic doctrine advocating minimal gov. intervention in business affairs, allowing free markets to operate through supply and demand. |
| Strike | A work stoppage by employees as a protest against an employeer. |
| Famine | An extreme shortage of food. |
| Abolition | The formal, legal, and org. movement to end the practice of slavery and the slave trade. |
| Industrial Revolution | A slow process in which major tech advances were made from about 1750-1900's. |
| Industrial Revolution | Machines replaced human labor |
| Urbanization | People move from country to city |
| James Watt | Re-invented the steam engine. Factories now run continuously. |
| North | Use water to power factories economy based on manufacturing less on farming |
| North | North Industrial Immagrants |
| South | Economy relies on farming, very few factories... slaves outnumber whites 3 to1. |
| South | Southern Agriculture Slavery |
| Cotton Gin | Machine Makes cotton easier to clean. |
| Cotton Gin | More cotton means more money, which means they need more slaves to plant and harvest, in the end slavery increases. |
| Eli Whitney(1793)-invention of the cotton gin | Slavery has been declining in the south, now increases to meet demands of production. |
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