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Rome
study cards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the two rivers? | The Po and Tiber rivers |
| What are the four rules? | Roman, Etruscan, Greek, and Carthaginian Rules |
| What are the three seas? | Adriatic, Tyrrhenian, and Ionian Seas |
| What does the Italian Peninsula look like? | A boot |
| What country is Rome in? | Rome is in Italy |
| What is a Forum? | A Roman public meeting place |
| What is a Dictatorship? | A ruler who has almost absolute power |
| What is a Empire? | A land with different territories an people under a single rule |
| What is a Emperor? | The title of a Roman ruler during the Imperial Age |
| What is a Patrician? | A noble in Roman society |
| What is a Plebian? | The lower-class of common people in ancient Rome (about 95% of the general population) |
| According to legend, what is Rome named after? | Romulus |
| Rome is the capital of which country? | Italy |
| Other than the father, mother, and children, who was considered part of the Roman family? | Servants and/or slaves |
| What are two things children were taught? | To be loyal and fair to their families |
| How long did the soldiers stay in the Roman army? | 25 years |
| What is a pilum? | A spear |
| What mountain range runs down the middle of Italy? | Mt. Vesuvius |
| What two large islands are considered a part of modern day Italy? | Sicily and Sardinia |
| What are aqueducts used for? | To supply water to towns |
| What did Romans use to make their buildings bigger and wider? | Arches |
| What are three types of events which occurred at the Coliseum? | 100 days games, mock naval battles, and Gladiatorial battles |
| How many layers above the leveled ground were laid in construction of Roman roads? | Four |
| A common saying, "All _______ lead to Rome." | Roads |
| How long did Senators hold office? | One year |
| Who did the Tribunes represent? | Common people |
| Who fought against one another in the Punic Wars? | Rome and Carthage |
| Who was the victor at the end of the Punic Wars? | Romans |
| How did Julius Caesar die? | He was assassinated by his friends in 44 B.C. |
| To what did Octavian change his name? | Caesar |
| What three groups invaded Roman controlled Britain? | The Jutes, the Angles, and the Saxons |
| What part of the Roman Empire did the Vandals invade? | Burgundians |
| Which island in the Mediterranean Sea was completely Christian by 300 A.D.? | Krete |
| Which three continents had Christian areas by 400 A.D.? | Asia, Europe, and Africa |
| What language did the Romans use for government and business? | Latin |
| What are three languages which developed from Latin? | French, Portuguese, and Romanian |
| What is the Roman numeral for 10? | X |
| What is the Roman numeral for 50? | L |
| What is the Roman numeral for 100? | C |
| What does VII + V equal? | 12=7+5 |
| What town did Mount Vesuvius bury in 79 A.D.? | Pompeii |
| What did the hot ash leave behind once it cooled? | volcanic rock |
| Who were Romulus and Remus? | The founders of Rome |
| How did Remus die? | He and Romulus got into a fight. |
| After Remus's death, who became king of Rome? | Romulus |
| The early development of Rome was most influenced by which group of people? | The Etruscans |
| In what year did the Romans overthrow the last Etruscan king and become a republic? | 509 BC |
| What is a republic? | A government controlled by the public, or common people, where every citizen has a vote. |
| What is a constitution? | A system of rules by which a government is organized |
| The Roman constitution was _________ and based on ______ and _______. | unwritten, tradition, custom |
| What is separation of powers? | Power was shared among different people with set rules |
| Romans did not want to be ________ by one man. | ruled |
| Why did Romans separate powers? | To make sure no one person became too powerful. |
| What are checks and balances? | Power divided among three branches of government. |
| What three branches of government did the Roman Republic have? | Assemblies, the senate, and magistrates |
| What is a government in three parts called? | A tripartite |
| Why did Roman citizens have checks and balances? | So one branch of government could stop and check another from misusing its power. |
| What is the "rule of law"? | A law applied to everyone |
| What happened if elected official violated the law after their term was over? | They could be tried. |
| What is a consul? | A leader elected to govern the city for one year |
| What is a magistrate? | Like a king or a judge; helped look after the city |
| What is the senate? | Former magistrates retired to the Senate and advised the consuls |
| Who ended up controlling Rome? | The senate |
| Plebians could run for which group? | Tribunes |
| What was the role of tribunes? | They acted as protectors and had the right to veto any law or action of any magistrate. |
| What was another name for a judge? | Praeter |
| What is the job of the praeter/judge? | to judge cases, lead armies into war, and manage the city of Rome |
| Who could be elected to consul? | Judges |
| Which citizens' votes counted most? | Wealthy citizens |
| What was the role of the assemblies? | To elect officials and pass laws |
| Which branch checked the assemblies? | the Senate and elected officials |
| Which modern day country's government is often compared to that of Rome's Republic? | The United States of America |
| What are three ways Rome and the United States' governments are similar? | Rule of law, checks and balances, and the senate |
| What are three ways Rome and the United States' governments are different? | unwritten(Rome) vs. written (U.S.) constitution, who can veto (Rome-tribunes, U.S.- President), and slavery (Rome- slaves had no rights, U.S.- abolished slavery in 1860s) |
| What are three traits of the Romans? | Duty, discipline, and courage |
| By 264 BC, Romans had conquered ______ states. | Latin |
| The Romans gained control of Italy by conquering which two groups? | the Greeks and Southern Italy |
| Romans expanded their rule to other states and countries, but they allowed them to run their own what? | Affairs |
| Romans excelled in what kind of accomplishments? | Military |
| Romans maintained control of their empire by devising the Roman what? | Confederation |
| Allies to Rome could eventually improve their status and become what? | Roman citizens. |
| Who ruled Roman families? | Men |
| Who had more freedom: Roman women or Greek women? | Roman women |
| Who could own property? | The oldest man |
| What kind of property could women own? | Personal property |
| Which Roman citizens could vote, attend assemblies, and hold office? | Male citizens, especially wealthy women |
| What was the most important role of women in Rome? | To have and raise children to follow custom |
| Men could ________ his children into slavery or _______ them. | sell, kill |
| In theory, Roman men had absolute power over their families, but in practice, they were limited by what? | Custom |
| What were Roman women allowed to be active in? | Their social lives, including parties, theater, and religious rituals |
| Who were slaves? | Captives |
| Most wealthy Romans earned money from what? | Agriculture |
| Most common people lived in what conditions? | Cramped apartments without running water |
| Who was Spartacus? | A slave who led an army in 70 B.C. to rebel |
| Common people earned money in what ways? | Tenant farming, laborers, or running stores, taverns, or restaurants |
| what is at the top of the Social Hierarchy? | Senators |
| What is the difference between freedmen and slaves? | Freedmen have rights and are free and slaves aren't |
| which group has the most people? | Plebeians |
| How many Punic wars are there? | 3 |
| The Punic wars were between who? | Rome and Carthage |
| "Carthage had a strong _____." | navy |
| "Rome had a strong ______. | army |
| the three wars fought over________. | Sicily |
| "Carthage had a strong _____." | navy |
| "Rome had a strong ______." | army |
| the three wars fought over________. | Sicily |
| where is Carthage. | North Africa |
| who led Carthage in the second war. | Hannibal |
| the first war lasted __ years. | 23 |
| who won the first war? | Rome |
| who won the second war ? | Rome |
| who won the third war? | Rome |
| what did Rome take over? | North Africa and majority of countries along the Mediterranean Sea |
| Hannibal was one of the greatest. | generals |
| Hannibal ______________ Rome. | dislikes |
| Hannibal fled to_____. | Asia |
| Hannibal joined a _____fighting Romans there. | King |
| Hannibal _____ himself so he wouldn't be a roman prisoner | killed |
| Octavian defeated Caesar's __________. | murderers |
| Octavian ruled _______ in 30 BC. | Rome |
| Octavian changed his name to _________. | Augustus |
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