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APUSH Midterm
| Answer | question |
|---|---|
| Teller Amendment | A part of the U.S. declaration of war against Spain that pledged that the U.S would not annex Cuba, but rather leave control of the island to its people. It supported Cuban independence and distinguished U.S. motives from other powers |
| Territory gained as a result of the Spanish American war 1898 | Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines. It marked the U.S’ emergence as a global imperial power. |
| Open door policy | a diplomatic framework ensuring equal trade access for all nations within China, preventing any power from monopolizing its markets. It aimed to preserve China's territorial and administrative integrity while protecting American commercial interests |
| Immediate cause of World War I | The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. This event triggered a rapid "blank check" diplomatic crisis, turning a local Balkan conflict into a global war through activated alliance systems |
| Causes America enters World War I | Germany’s unrestricted submarine warfare, the intercepted Zimmerman Telegram, and the need to protect economic ties with the Allies. This was significant because it turned the tide for the Allied powers and transformed the U.S. into a major global power. |
| War industries board | a U.S government agency established to coordinate and streamline industrial production for World War I. It mobilized the U.S. economy during World War I by coordinating industrial production, setting price controls, and prioritizing resource allocation. |
| Main goal of Woodrow Wilson, asking congress for a declaration of war in 1917 | to "make the world safe for democracy" by fighting against autocratic, aggressive regimes. This marked a shift in U.S. foreign policy, moving from isolationism to a proactive role on the global stage. |
| The committee on public information | the first U.S. government propaganda agency. It aimed to shape public opinion to support WWI. It was significant for revolutionizing propaganda, fostering intense wartime patriotism, and managing information. |
| Insular cases | a series of U.S. Supreme Court rulings holding that residents of U.S. territories don’t have constitutional rights. They established that the Constitution doesn’t apply to these territories, creating a "separate but unequal" class of citizens. |
| Roosevelt corollary | an addition to the Monroe Doctrine. It declared that the U.S. would intervene as an international police power, preventing European intervention. It was crucial for establishing U.S. dominance in the Western Hemisphere. |
| The great migration | the mass movement of African Americans from the South to urban areas, driven by the desire to escape Jim Crow violence. It transformed America, shifting the population from rural to urban, and fueled major cultural, social, and political changes. |
| Theodore Roosevelt WWI | Leader of the Rough Riders. After WW1, he wins the presidential election and stands against monopolies in America. |
| Rough Riders | A group of volunteers, led by Theodore Roosevelt, who fought in the Spanish-American War in Cuba. |
| Queen Liliuokalani no longer ruling over Hawaiian Islands | following the 1890 McKinley tariff, an 1893 revolt staged by minority white planters who would overthrow the queen though the islands still weren’t annexed until 1898 due to fears of Japan/another power acquiring the land. |
| Alfred Mahan’s writing | wrote how women voting would destroy “the constant practice of the past ages by which to men are assigned at the outdoor rough action of life and to women that indoor sphere which we call the family.” |
| Alice Paul’s impact on American history | she founded the national women’s party as well as proposed an equal amendment for women to get equal rights in regards to voting to Congress in 1923. |
| Harlem Renaissance | The culture that cultivated, black artist, musicians, and writers after World War I throughout the 1920s. |
| Soft power in 1920s | Co-opting/influencing people through emerging technologies such as the radio through early propaganda. |
| Dollar diplomacy | Term used by President Taft to describe the economic focus of his foreign policy; wanting to use economic policies in US assets to expand US influence in Latin America and Asia |
| Consumer buying during the 1920s | there are many luxury items such as fridges and cars on credit rather than paying for it upfront. |
| Sheppard-Towner Federal maternity and infancy act of 1921 | Idea promoted by Jane Addams for urban reform using women’s traditional skills for domestic management caregiving and community building. It allowed nurses to offer maternal infant healthcare information to mothers. |
| Catholics and Jews | 2 groups that are targeted by the KKK in the 1920s |
| The universal Negro improvement association | We organization founded by Marcus Garvey in 1914 to promote black self-help Pan Africanism and racial separatism alongside economic self-help through black business ownership |
| Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti court case | Two Italian anarchists accused of robbery and murder in South Massachusetts. They were found guilty and executed. Their trial caused much controversy due to the fact that they were likely accused due to the public fear of anarchy and immigrants. |
| Henry Ford’s invention/developer contributions | Streamline the assembly line process which intern saved energy time and money for the production of cars which led to them becoming more affordable and available to the middle class. |
| Zora Neale Hurston | Black writer, part of the Harlem Renaissance , took inspiration from the vernacular of black folk life |
| Louis Armstrong | Black band leader, trumpeter, and vocalist who played a major part in the development in popularization of jazz and blues music |
| President Herbert Hoover is handling/philosophy of the beginning of the Great Depression | mentality of rugged individualism; someone “pulling themselves up by their bootstraps” so the government stays out/not supplying direct help to an American citizen |
| President Franklin Dylan Roosevelt’s first action as president | close the banks in order to stop the fear and panic from society to hang onto any money citizens can get their hands on |
| The new deal | reform programs involved legislation that was intended to guard against an economic disaster like the Great Depression ever recurring. Restored a sense of security by putting people back to work and created the framework for a regulatory state. |
| An American voter shifted their votes to the Democratic Party | What was the greatest political impact of minorities during the Great Depression specifically towards the new deal program? |
| The Indian reorganization act of 1934 | An act to conserve and develop Indian lands and resources, extend Indians rights, establish a credit system for Indians, and provide for education for Indians. It was a transformative policy ending the federal government's assimilationist allotment era |
| The bonus army | A group of WWI veterans who marched on Washington, demanding early payment on a bonus to alleviate the financial hardships of the Great Depression. It became a pivotal moment in American Veteran history, |
| President Franklin Roosevelt’s fireside chats | a series of evening radio addresses given by Franklin D. Roosevelt. They restored public confidence during the Great Depression and boosted morale during World War II, changing the relationship between the president and the American public. |
| The civilian conservation Corp. | As part of the New Deal Program, to help lift the United States out of the Great Depression, Franklin D. Roosevelt established this in 1933. It allowed single men between the ages of 18 and 25 to enlist in work programs to improve American land. |
| Francis Perkins | she was the Secretary of Labor for the 12 years of Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidency and the first woman to hold a Cabinet post |
| Eleanor Roosevelt | the longest-serving First Lady throughout her husband President Franklin D. Roosevelt's four terms in office (1933-1945). |
| The Social Security act | Law signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1935 creating a federal safety net for elderly, unemployed and disadvantaged Americans. The main stipulation was to pay financial benefits to retirees over 65 based on lifetime payroll tax contributions. |
| The dust bowl | it refers to the western third of Kansas, southeastern Colorado, the Oklahoma Panhandle, the northern two-thirds of the Texas Panhandle, and northeastern New Mexico, it has come to symbolize the hardships of the entire nation during the 1930s |
| The national recovery administration | U.S. government agency established by Pres. Franklin D. Roosevelt to stimulate business recovery through fair-practice codes during the Great Depression. |
| Great depressions effect on women in the workforce | Women, employment rules to 24% due to the men who were once the bread winners of the family were now unemployed, as well as the industries that employed women were not as affected by the stock market crashes others |
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mcgaughey27017
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