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ancient Rome
Ancient Rome
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Forum | A roman public meeting place. |
| Dictatorship | Someone that has almost absolute power. |
| Empire | Land with different territories and people under single rule. |
| Emporer | Name of the Roman ruler during imperial age. |
| Patricians | The nobles in Roman society. |
| Plebians | The common people of Rome society. |
| Consuls | Two most powerful offiicials of Rome. |
| Senate | Roman officials: appointed by the consuls. |
| Veto | To reject or prohibit laws from other officials. |
| Checks &Balances | System that balances the distrubution of power of officials |
| Latin | The language of romans. |
| Arch | Structure that spans a space & supports the weight above it. |
| Aqueduct | A human made raised chanel that carries water from far distances. |
| Civil Law | A legal system based on written codes of law. |
| Pax Romana | Roman peace, a general time of peace & prosperity. |
| Rome is the capital of what | Italy |
| Besides mother, father, and children what was considered the other part of the family | Slaves & Servant's |
| How long did soldiers of Ancient Rome stay in the army | 25 years at least |
| what is a pilum | A throwing spear |
| list two of the events the coliseum was used for | Mock naval battles and Gladiator battles |
| How many layers were on the leveled road | six levels |
| All roads lead to _____ | All roads lead to ROME |
| How long did senators hold office | For life |
| Who did the tribunes represent | Common people |
| Who fought in the punic wars | Rome & Carthage |
| How did Julius Caesar die | He was assasinated |
| What three groups invaded Roman controlled Britain | Jutes Angles, Saxons |
| List three languages that developed from Latin | Spanish, French, and Romanian |
| What town did Mt. Vesuvius destroy in 79 AD | Pompeii |
| What empire is East of Gaul | Byzantine empire |
| What mountain range is south of Gaul | The alps |
| What river is South of the alps | The PO river |
| What is the name of the peninsula that looks like a boot | The Italian peninsula |
| What mountain range runs down the Italian peninsula | The Appenines |
| Name the three seas | Tyrrhenian, Ionian, Adriatic |
| what two islands are under Carthaginian rule | Sicily, Sardinia |
| What rule is in the Tiber river | The Tiber river |
| Where is Rome located on | On the peninsula of Italy |
| What continent is Rome on | Europe |
| ______ is the highest mountain range that separates Italy from the Italian peninsula | alps |
| Several rivers provided water and ___ routes | trade |
| _____river flows near Rome | Tiber |
| The _____river flows near the alps | Po |
| Flat _______provides land for farming | Plains |
| The legend of Romulus and ______ | Remus |
| What animal rescued the twins Romulus and Remus from the creek of the Tiber river | A female wolf |
| As adults they fought for the name of what city | Rome |
| Who killed who giving Rome its name | Romulus killed Remus |
| What was romes constitution | A system of rules by which a government is organized. |
| Was the Romans constitution written or unwritten | unwritten |
| Based on _______ and _________ | tradition and custom |
| What was the separation of power | Power was shared among different people with set roles. |
| How many kings did the Romans. | They didn't want to be ruled by one man |
| What did Romans do to maintain control of conquered land | The Roman confederation |
| Rome conquered latin states in ___ B.C. | 264 B.C. |
| What did Romes constitution consist of | A system of Rules by which a government is organized |
| What are the two factors that make the Romans constitution different from others | Unlike the U.S. constitution it was unwritten and based on tradition and customs |
| In the roles of the republic how was separation of power handled | Power was shared among different people with set roles. |
| How many Kings did the Romans want to rule | not one |
| To make sure no single man had absolute power how did they do it | They split the office by 2 or more men |
| What could each consul do to their opposite consul | They could veto each other |
| Also limited to how many years in office | Held office for 1 year |
| How many branches were in the Roman government | 3 branches to split the power |
| In Rule of Law The law applied to how many people | Everyone |
| Elected officials could be what after violating the law when their term was over | They could be tried in court |
| A government with three parts is called | a tripartite |
| One branch could stop and check another from what | misusing its power |
| what did consuls do | govern the city |
| Rome during 753-509 B.C. was under control of different kings. The last two kings were who | Etruscan |
| Who fought against each other in the Punic wars | Rome and Carthage |
| Carthage is a city in north what | north Africa |
| Carthage had a strong | Navy |
| Rome had a strong | army |
| The first Punic war lasted how many years | 23 |
| Carthage sent armies to Sicily, so Rome sent | Responding Foot soldiers |
| Who won and took control of Sicily | Rome won |
| Led by Carthage general named what? | Hannibal |
| What did Hannibal invade | Italy |
| Hannibal invaded Italy from the north when | 218 B.C. |
| Hannibal's army consisted of what | Soldier's, elephant's, and horse's |
| Hannibal's army defeated Rome's troops but he still lost why? | Because the Roman general Scipio came and was attacking the city of Carthage |
| Who was Hannibal | He was one of the greatest general's, greatly disliked Rome, killed himself so he wouldn't have to be a Roman slave. |
| Hannibal made a blood oath when he was a child to his father to never be a friend to who | Rome |
| Why did Carthage want the outer islands of Italy | So they could control exports and imports |
| In the third punic war Rome sent an army to destroy Carthage, who won? | Rome easily won |
| Rome burned the city of Carthage Doing what? | Killing most people, sold the rest to slavery |
| Rome took control of North Africa and the majority of countries along what? | The Mediterranean sea |
| What happened in the Roman crisis | Magistrates began to abuse power |
| What slowly stopped working | The government |
| Who grew rich but their people got poorer | Rome |
| Government feared what? | A revolt |
| Who tried to give land to the poor but his opponents killed him and his brother | Tiberuis graccus |
| Which consul changed and improved the Roman army | Gaius Marius |
| 100 B.C. he allowed who to join the military. What did it do to the Roman army? | He allowed poor people to join the army. It made the army more powerful. |
| The army relied on who to make the government give them land when they retired? | The commander |
| Soldiers more loyal to who than the government | Commander |
| Land= what? | Power |
| Sulla fought to keep his job from who | Marius |
| What war did they fight and who won | they fought a civil war and Sulla kept his job |
| Gnaeus Pompey conquered parts of S.W. what? | Asia |
| Gnaeus Pompey Teamed up with who | Gaois Julius Caesar |
| Ran Government, Later fought in a what | Civil war |
| Caesar defeated Pompey made himself what | Dictator for life |
| March 15, 44 B.C. was the date of what. | He was murdered by a group of senators that wanted to stay a republic |
| who was Caesars heir | Octavian |
| Octavian defeated who? | The murderers of Caesar |
| Octavian also defeated who? | Cleopatra and Marc Antony |
| Republic now what? now a what? | Republic now dead now a monarchy |
| What was the daily life for the Romans | Every household was ran by the oldest male figure |
| What were women in charge of | Women were in charge of domestic/household duties |
| What was the biggest form of entertainment | Gladiatorial Shows |
| Where did gladitorial shows take place | Amphitheaters or The colueseum |
| Entertainers would have to what? | Fight for their lives |
| By the end of Augustus's reign where had Rome advanced | Syria,Egypt, and much of europe |
| The Roman economy was focused on what | Trade & Farming |
| Most people were what? | Farmers |
| Largest slave revolt took place when? | 73 B.C. |
| People paid taxes with what? | Food and Money |
| many slaves overtime did what? | Revolted and Murdered their owners |
| Causing what in Roman communities | Fear |
| Who were the 5 good emporers | tragan, Nerva, Hadrian, Marcus Auralius, Antonisdus Pius. |
| Many build what | aqueducts, public baths, stadiums, and large buildings |
| Who became emporer after Augustus | His stepson Tiberius became emporer |
| Who changed their name to augustus | Octavian did |
| Augustus improved what | ordinary lives |
| Augustus boosted what? | Boosted economy |
| Augustus fought what | He fought corruption |
| Augustus made the army what and what did that increase | Made the army smaller and in doing so upgraded their pay |
| Who was Octavian | the first/best Roman Emporer & brought peace to Rome |
| After Octavian's death what was he | Declared God and Worshiped |
| Art includes what on floors, what on walls, and what in public space and buildings | Mosaics on floors, Murals on walls, and statues in public spaces |
| Roman art often what | Copied Greek art |
| Roman artists showed subjects like what | realistically |
| Greek made subjects look like what | perfect |
| Many English world have Latin roots. But what was Latin used in | European education and in Roman Catholic Church |
| Cicero is famous for what? | his speeches/oratory's |
| Gladiatorial games were for what? | entertainment |
| What was a contract Gladiator | A volunteer Gladiator |
| Why did someone become a contract Gladiator | To pay off their debt faster |
| What are some off the weapons and armor Gladiators used | A wooden or metal sword, and leather armor with parts of metal |
| Were Gladiators free or slave's? | Slaves! |
| What is a romance language? Is English one of them? | A romance language is based on Latin, No it is not. |
| In what ways does Roman law still influence modern society? | It influences both government and legal systems in many countries today. |
| What were the Twelve Tables? | A written Roman law code |
| How did the Twelve Tables change the Roman legal system? | It gave Romans a code of law |
| what is the holy book | The bible |
| What was the Roman's external collapse | Tribes of fierce German warriors attacked Romes northern border's. Persian armies invaded the east |
| What was Romans internal collapse | food shortages, disease, increase in taxes to pay for defense. |
| How did the bishops authority change over time | over time, he claimed authority over all Christians and began to be called pope. |
| How did the western Christians and eastern christians feel about who should be pope | western accepted the idea eastern believed all patriarchy were equal. |
| What do you think happened because eastern and western Christians disagreed? | There were a lot of wars between eastern and western city-states |
| When did the great schism occur? | 1054 |
| What does the great schism mean? | When two religious traditions developed and split |
| What was the most important issue contributing to the great schism? | there was a disagreement of authority |
| what problem did the council of bishops try to solve with the Nicene Creed | The council tried to clarify Christian religious beliefs |
| Was that purpose achieved | Yes , in that most Christians accept the Nicene Creed. No, in that eastern and western Christians came to disagree over its exact wording |
| Descrine two important views about the use of icons. | Some Christians believed that honoring an icon is a pathway to God. Others believe it is worshiping an object which the bible forbids |
| What part of church organization did Christians disagreed about? | Iconoclasts |
| What authority did bishops and patriarchs each have? | Bishops need local churches. patriarchs led churches in important cities and had authorities over all churches in a region. |
| What is Christianity | Religion based on the teachings of Jesus of Nazareth. |
| Who is Jesus of Nazareth? | The founder of Christianity |
| Who is a messiah? | A leader Jews believed would return and restore the greatness of Israel. |
| What is the bible | The holy book of Christianity. |
| What is crucifixion? | a type of execution that involved being nailed to a cross |
| What is resurrection? | A Christian beliefs that Jesus rose from the dead |
| What are disciples | Followers |
| What are the Apostles? | The 12 disciples whom Jesus chose to receive special teaching. |
| What is Judaism? | The religion of the Hebrews. |
| What was written on the stone tablets? | The 10 commandments |
| How did life change for Jews in Judea after 63 B.C.? | They lived under Roman rule |
| Summarize what were the zealots' views about Roman rule? | They opposed Romans and believed Jesus should resist it by refusing to pay taxes and through armed |
| What is the Pharisees believe? | They believed that good people would be resurrected after the Messiah came they believed in observing Jewish law. |
| What was Jesus religion | Judaism |
| Identify evidence historians have of Jesus early life | The writings of the Christian gospels tell the story of Jesus life |
| Why did the followers begin to think that Jesus was the Messiah? | He spoke out for the poor and the outcast,they believed he could heal the sick. |
| Analyze the fish on page 404 . why might this make fish an important symbol in early Christian life | Jesus ability to feed a large crowd with a few fish suggested he had power to change people's everyday life |
| Compare/Contrast what was a big way Judaism and early Christianity differed? | Non-Jews who became Christian did not follow all Jewish traditions or laws |
| Why did the Roman government tolerate Judaism but not Christianity? | Roman respected Judaism as an old religion sot hey allowed its tradition |
| How did onstantine's dream change Roman history | Constantines dream led him to end the persecutions of Christians |
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