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Reading GACE
GACE- The Science of Reading
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Phonological Skill/ phonology | The awareness of sounds/ the study of the sound structure of spoken language and it one of the five components of oral language |
| Syntax | understanding sentence structure and grammar rules. Guides how people arrange their thoughts into spoken or written language. |
| Morphological Skills/ Morphemes | understanding word parts and their meaning/ the smallest meaningful unit of language that have meaning includes word parts like roots, affixes, and word endings |
| Pragmatics | understanding communication rules (social) It involves understanding the definitions of words and how context and tone may affect their meaning. |
| Semantics/ Vocabulary | understanding word and phrase meanings Ashley went to the noodle. (noddle is noun) Ashley went to the concert (concert noun) Concert is the only thing that makes sense. |
| Factors of children's development of oral language skills | prior literacy knowledge prior exposure to language multilingualism experiences with formal education |
| Phonemes | individual speech sounds -the way it sounds when you say it |
| Graphemes | letters or letter combinations that represent phonemes -the way you write the sound |
| Diphthongs | two vowel sounds in the same syllable that glide from one vowel to another (oy in boy) |
| semi vowel | consents y and w |
| place of articulation | where the sound is produced in the mouth and how the vocal tract interacts with the sound |
| manner of articulation | refers to how the airflow is restricted or affected during the formation of the sound. |
| stop sounds | consonant sounds in which the vocal tract is blocked so all airflow stops |
| fricatives | consonants produced when the air moving through the mouth creates audible friction |
| nasals | produced when air moves through both the nose and mouth in the production of the sound |
| affricatices | combination of a stop sound and fricatives |
| Syntax rules | complete sentences have both a subject and predicate the subject is always a noun or pronoun the predicate must have a verb. |
| activities that support oral language use | dramatic play text-based discussions reciprocal teaching Socratic seminars think-aloud or verbalizing thinking |
| voicing | how the vocal cords react-( vibrating or remaining open) |
| unvoiced sounds | occurs when the vocal cords remain open and do not vibrate |
| voice sounds | continuant or non continuant sounds |
| continuant sounds | spoken through a fixed configuration of vocal tract (vowels, fricatives, nasals) |
| non continuant sounds | vocal tract changes over the pronunciation of the sound-diphthongs, semivowels, stop sounds) |
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