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unit 2 American hist
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| flappers | trend that challenged gender norms through "unfeminine" behavior and dress |
| underconsumption | one of the factors of the great depression. when people stopped consuming in the late 1820s |
| bonus army | gathering in early 1930s where WWI vets marched Washington D.C. demanding early Payments of service certificates |
| dust bowl | decade-long environmental disaster in the 1930s that devastated the great plains. made the great depression worse |
| Reconstruction finance | government agency that provided emergency loans to banks, railroads and businesses to combat the great depression. (1930-1950) |
| corporation | |
| what was the smoot-hawley tariff and did it work | a tariff Pres hoover instituted during the Great Depression (1930s) to make it harder to import things into the US. it didn't work it made other countries angry and made things more expensive |
| what was the RFC and who did it help | Government program Hoover instituted that fed money to big corporations to help them stay afloat during the great depression it was supposed to help banks, railroads, and insurance but didn't work bc not enough money was put in |
| what was a Bank Holiday and what kind of program was it | it was when Pres Roosevelt would close banks for a week and send officials to "check" on them. these inspections didn't really do anything they just served to stop the panicked withdrawals people where making. it was a recovery program |
| How did the AAA work and what kind of program was it | A Gov. program that Roosevelt instituted in 1933 to help farmers make more money. it raised the price of crops by paying farmers to plow up half of their crop. it did help farmers but ended up hurting the consumer. it was a recovery program |
| how did the CCC work and what kind of program was it | also knows as Roosevelts tree army it provided jobs to young men between 20-25 during the great depression (1930s) it was very successful and restored the idea of "manhood" it was a relief program |
| how did the WPA work and what kind of program was it | a part of the second new deal it was sort of an elaboration to the CCC. it hired more people, paid them more and had more types of jobs. they painted murals, built sidewalks and write travel guides it was a relief program |
| who was Huey Lond and what did he oppose | an extremely corrupt populist and socialist from Louisiana who was a big critic of Roosevelt and opposed the AAA |
| what is Social Security and what type of program was it | a Roosevelt instituted program to prevent a bank collapse during the great depression. it provided economic security for citizens by having them put in money that they would get back once they retired. It was a reform program |
| Kellogg-Briand pact | it was a pact made by the government in the 1930s that "out lawed war" it doesn't mean war wont happed just that there will be consequences and was the basis for more acts |
| Tulsa Race Massacre | who: white supremacist mob against african american what: two day terrorist attack triggered by dick rowland allegedly assaulting a white girl when: 1921 where: greenwood neighborhood in tulsa (black wall street) why: worst racial violence |
| Red Scare | who: US what: two periods of anti-communist paranoia when: 1. 1917-1920 2. 1947-1957 where: US why: 1st sparked by Bolshevik Revolution, strikes and bombings 2nd driving by cold war, soviet detonation of A-bomb, communist takeover in china |
| Teapot Dome Scandal | who: pres warren G harding what: political scandel involving bribes paid to Secr. interior by oil tycoons when: 1920s where: US why: first investigation to prove bribery by cabinet member pres adminitration devastated |
| Model T | who: henry ford what: first automobile when: 1908 where: US why: first affordable mass produced car the average person could buy |
| National Origins Act | who: immigrants what: limited num of immigrants allowed into US when: 1924 where: US why: first permanent restrictive quota on imigration favored europeans halted asian imagration |
| Scopes Trial | who: john scopes what: legal case accusing scopes of violating the butler act which prohibited teaching evolution in public schools when: 1925 where: dayton tennesse why: served as a sort of test regarding religion in public education |
| Lend-Lease | who: franklin Roosevelt and britan what: act that allowed nations to borrow American goods and pay for it later when: 1941 (start of WWII) where: US why: designed to enable US to "Help out there neighbor" in the war effort against nazi germany |
| Battle of the Bulge | who: germany (axis) against america (allied) what: hitlers last major attack bloodiest battle for US foces in WWII when: 1944 where: Europe why: germanys final desperate offensive move ultimately failed leading to the fall of the third Reich |
| Midway | who: US against Japan what: pivotal WWII naval battle 6 months after Pearl Harbor US decoded Japanese plan allowing US to ambush jananese aircraft carriers when: 1942 where: pacific ocean why: turned the tide of the pacific war |
| America First Committee | american isolationist group against the US entering into WWII in 1940 |
| Manhattan Project | who: Oppenheimer what: WWII effort to develop first nuclear weapon when 1940 where: los alamos, oak ridge, chicago why: altered world history created first atom bomb and ending WWII. initiated the cold war, sparked nuclear research around the world |
| Office of Price Administration | who: leon henderson what: us fed. agency to control money and manage rationing of resources when 1940 where: US why: to prevent wartime inflation |
| office of war information | |
| double V campaign | |
| Rosie the riveter | |
| second great migration | |
| containment | who: US what: US foreign policy to stop or contain communism when: 1947 lasted 40 years where: US also involved Greece why: US wanted to snuff out communism so any group that had even a hint the US threatened to stomp it out |
| marshall plan (on exam) | who: named for George marshal what: plan to send American money into NATO counties following WWII ie. send money to France when:1948-1851 where:US and NATO counties why: attempt to stop the spread of communism, stop cold war poor countries=communism |
| McCarthyism | who: Senator McCarthy what: figured out being against communism can get you political points claimed he had list of communists in state department, was lying, became head of comity to look for commies in gov until exposed as fraud when: 1950 why: ^ |
| Fair deal | |
| Hollywood 10 | |
| NSC 68 | |
| beatniks | who: jack Kerouac, allen ginberd what: media fueled stereotype of the artistic "beat" generation, anti-materialistic counterculture. turtlenecks, berets when 1950 where:america why:reaction against WWII conformity culture & cold war repressiveness |
| brown v board | who: brown fam, board of ed. Topeka what: landmark case ruled against racial seg. in schools when 1950 where Kansas then fed. gov. why: found separate but equal violated 14th amendment, ended seg. in schools |
| rosa parks | what: civil rights activist when: 1950 where: Detroit |
| urban renewal | |
| Indian urban relocation program | |
| highway act | who: pres eisenhower what: act to authorize construction of 41000 miles of highway when 1956 where fed. gov. why: designed for commerce and defense including emergency evacuation |
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