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WEEK 18:
Respiratory tract infections - Viral infections:
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| rhinitis | nose |
| pharyngitis/ tonsillitis | caused by virus (adenovirus/ influenza) and bacteria (group A streptococcus bacteria) with symptoms including sore throat, difficulty swallowing, fever, and white pus filled spots on tonsils |
| sinusitis | sinuses |
| otitis media and otitis externa | ear |
| epiglottitis | inflammation of epiglottis where young children may have breathing difficulties, stridor, and a horse voice whereas adults have swallowing difficulties and drooling |
| laryngitis | larynx |
| coryza | common cold |
| rhinoviruses | most common cause of common cold with 100 serotypes (different strain) |
| infectious mononucleosis (glandular fever) | diagnoses using signs and symptoms of atypical mononuclear cells in peripheral blood (not clinical diagnosis) caused by epstein-barr-virus (EBV- most common), cytomegalovirus (similar to EBV), toxoplasmosis (can affect foetus), and HIV seroconversion |
| croup | childhood condition affecting trachea, bronchi and larynx more common in young children during late autumn/ early winter- caused by parainfluenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus |
| symptoms of croup (2) | inspiratory stridor due to narrowed airways and 'barking' cough |
| causes of epiglottitis | infection with haemophilus (influenzae type B Hib bacteria- but rare now) but potentially life threatening |